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Working paper
Income Effects on Undernutrition
In: Economic Development and Cultural Change, Band 38, Heft 3, S. 489-515
ISSN: 1539-2988
Income effects and trade agreements
This paper considers trade agreements in a sufficiently general framework to encompass both imperfectly competitive market structures and income effects in government objectives. We show that governments choose globally efficient policies if they act as if they do not value the impact of their policies on their terms of trade. The results confirm that additional international externalities that arise in imperfectly competitive settings are the result of government failure to equate markups between sectors with domestic policies, not demandside factors.
BASE
Network competition with income effects
In: The Rand journal of economics, Band 45, Heft 3, S. 645-673
ISSN: 1756-2171
I generalize the workhorse model of network competition to include income effects in demand. Empirical work has shown income effects to be positive and statistically significant. Income effects deliver theoretical results consistent with regulatory concern about excessive termination rates: unregulated network operators competing in nondiscriminatory retail contracts negotiate termination rates above cost for any positive income effect. This also holds when operators discriminate between on‐net and off‐net calls if networks are differentiated. Operators profit from increasing termination rates above cost under second‐degree price discrimination if a sufficient share of consumers prefer on‐net/off‐net contracts and their subscription demand is relatively inelastic.
Vickerey allocation rule with income effect
We consider situations where a society tries to efficiently allocate several homogeneous and indivisible goods among agents. Each agent receives at most one unit of the good. For example, suppose that a government wishes to allocate a fixed number of licenses to operate in its country to private companies with highest abilities to utilize the licenses. Usually companies with higher abilities can make more profits by licenses and are willing to pay higher prices for them. Thus, auction mechanisms are often employed to extract the information on companies' abilities and to allocate licenses efficiently. However, if prices are too high, they may damage companies' abilities to operate. Generally high prices may change the benefits agents obtain from the goods unless agents' preferences are quasi-linear, and we call it 'income effect'. In this paper, we establish that on domains including nonquasi-linear preferences, that is, preferences exhibiting income effect, an allocation rule which satisfies Pareto-efficiency, strategy-proofness, individual rationality, and nonnegative payment uniquely exists and it is the Vickrey allocation rule.
BASE
Local income effects of office relocation
In: Regional studies: official journal of the Regional Studies Association, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 33-46
ISSN: 1360-0591
Flexible Labour, Income Effects, and Asset Prices
In: Economics Discussion Paper Series 851, University of Oxford, Department of Economics, 2018
SSRN
Working paper
Income effects and the elasticity of taxable income
In: New Zealand economic papers, Band 52, Heft 2, S. 185-203
ISSN: 1943-4863
Distributional income effects of banking regulation in Europe
In: IWH discussion papers 2023, no. 24 (December 2023)
We study the impact of stricter and more harmonized banking regulation along the income distribution using household survey data for 25 EU countries. Exploiting country-level heterogeneity in the implementation of European Banking Union directives allows us to control for confounders and identify effects. Our results show that these regulatory reforms aimed at increasing financial system resilience affected households heterogeneously. More stringent regulation reduces income growth for low-income households due to employment exits. Yet it tends to increase growth rates at the top of the distribution both for employee and self-employed income.
Income Effects and the Value of Health
In: The journal of human resources, Band 28, Heft 3, S. 497
ISSN: 1548-8004
How Income Influences Health: Decomposition Based on Absolute Income and Relative Income Effects
Previous research has confirmed a positive association between income and health, but there are still a lot of inconsistencies on how income affects health. Indeed, this impact is caused by overlaying of absolute income and relative income effects, and only by decomposing and comparing their relative importance within an integrated framework can suggestions be made for health inequalities and health intervention. To deal with this issue, using the panel data from the 2011, 2014, and 2017 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), a well-designed research model is established to decompose and explore the impact. Our results indicate that relative income, rather than absolute income, has a significant negative impact on health performance, and that these associations may be causal in nature. The health inequity persists throughout the life cycle, but it remains relatively stable, without significant expansion or convergence. To some extent, the research-proposed models enrich the related literature on associations between income and health, and the empirical results suggest that as China moves to the stage of higher incomes and accelerated aging, the Chinese government should pay more attention to income inequality and be alert to the risks of "income-healthy poverty" traps.
BASE
Optimal unemployment unsurance when income effects are large
In: Working paper series 10500
Optimal Unemployment Insurance When Income Effects are Large
In: NBER Working Paper No. w10500
SSRN
Substitution and Income Effects on the Supply Side
In: The Indian Economic Journal, Band 13, Heft 4, S. 602-605
ISSN: 2631-617X
Income Effects on Health: Evidence from Union Army Pensions
In: The journal of economic history, Band 75, Heft 2, S. 448-478
ISSN: 1471-6372
To what extent do rising income levels explain the decline in adult mortality rates experienced in the United States a century ago? I explore this question by investigating the income effect of the country's first wide-scale entitlement program: the Union Army pensions. Documenting that Republican Congressional candidates boosted pensions to secure votes, I exploit exogenous increases in income stemming from patronage politics to estimate the semi-elasticity of disease onset with respect to pensions. Income effects are large for cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory illnesses.