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Now discussing the historiography of The First Lithuanian Republic is clear, that up to now in scientific researches wasn't widely used more exact numbers of army, to present only separate and frequently round facts. This research is the attempt to fill up exist a breach of facts. In the article are presenting facts of personnel of the Lithuanian army at 1920 -1939, presenting yearly tables with facts of each month, trying to discuss the events and processes which in one way or in other influence changes of army's numbers. In 1921 at the end of the struggle for preservation of self-dependence, number of the army was reach and overstep limit of 50 000 soldiers. Later when begin the process of the decrease army, number of army gradually decrease. In January of 1923, at moment when Kaipeda land was liberated, number of army once again increase and reached 40 000. At November of 1924 number of army was 13 000. In third decen-nium of XX century, at 1925 number of army fluctuation from 16 to 18 thousands soldiers, but at 1926 accomplishing the programme of means saving of Government, number of soldiers decrease to 12 000. After December 17th, 1926 military coup d'etat he again increase and in 1927 have 14-15 thousand soldiers average. In 1928 number of army grow till 16-18 thousand, and this 18 000 number standing till the beginning of 1935, when was beginning process of army modernisation, which condition distinct growing number of soldiers. In this period number of army grow till 23 - 26 thousand soldiers and was optimum for this period conditions. When begin war between Poland and German at September 1939, condition also increasing number of the Lithuanian army, which reason was mobilisation. In this moment number of army increase to 89 470.

Now discussing the historiography of The First Lithuanian Republic is clear, that up to now in scientific researches wasn't widely used more exact numbers of army, to present only separate and frequently round facts. This research is the attempt to fill up exist a breach of facts. In the article are presenting facts of personnel of the Lithuanian army at 1920 -1939, presenting yearly tables with facts of each month, trying to discuss the events and processes which in one way or in other influence changes of army's numbers. In 1921 at the end of the struggle for preservation of self-dependence, number of the army was reach and overstep limit of 50 000 soldiers. Later when begin the process of the decrease army, number of army gradually decrease. In January of 1923, at moment when Kaipeda land was liberated, number of army once again increase and reached 40 000. At November of 1924 number of army was 13 000. In third decen-nium of XX century, at 1925 number of army fluctuation from 16 to 18 thousands soldiers, but at 1926 accomplishing the programme of means saving of Government, number of soldiers decrease to 12 000. After December 17th, 1926 military coup d'etat he again increase and in 1927 have 14-15 thousand soldiers average. In 1928 number of army grow till 16-18 thousand, and this 18 000 number standing till the beginning of 1935, when was beginning process of army modernisation, which condition distinct growing number of soldiers. In this period number of army grow till 23 - 26 thousand soldiers and was optimum for this period conditions. When begin war between Poland and German at September 1939, condition also increasing number of the Lithuanian army, which reason was mobilisation. In this moment number of army increase to 89 470.

Now discussing the historiography of The First Lithuanian Republic is clear, that up to now in scientific researches wasn't widely used more exact numbers of army, to present only separate and frequently round facts. This research is the attempt to fill up exist a breach of facts. In the article are presenting facts of personnel of the Lithuanian army at 1920 -1939, presenting yearly tables with facts of each month, trying to discuss the events and processes which in one way or in other influence changes of army's numbers. In 1921 at the end of the struggle for preservation of self-dependence, number of the army was reach and overstep limit of 50 000 soldiers. Later when begin the process of the decrease army, number of army gradually decrease. In January of 1923, at moment when Kaipeda land was liberated, number of army once again increase and reached 40 000. At November of 1924 number of army was 13 000. In third decen-nium of XX century, at 1925 number of army fluctuation from 16 to 18 thousands soldiers, but at 1926 accomplishing the programme of means saving of Government, number of soldiers decrease to 12 000. After December 17th, 1926 military coup d'etat he again increase and in 1927 have 14-15 thousand soldiers average. In 1928 number of army grow till 16-18 thousand, and this 18 000 number standing till the beginning of 1935, when was beginning process of army modernisation, which condition distinct growing number of soldiers. In this period number of army grow till 23 - 26 thousand soldiers and was optimum for this period conditions. When begin war between Poland and German at September 1939, condition also increasing number of the Lithuanian army, which reason was mobilisation. In this moment number of army increase to 89 470.

This article is a short introduction to how interdisciplinary theoretical perspectives can be developed for analyzing the phenomenon of national mobilization. The successful mass mobilization in Lithuania demonstrantes that Soviet mental programming was not successful in changing, using Rorty's terminology, the most parochial terms in the final vocabularies of Lithuanians. National identity was preserved during the period of occupation, and provided the grounds for collective action. The success of mobilization (in the "noisy phase") was closely connected with national values that were preserved during the period of Soviet occupation (the "quiet phase"), using various unobtrusive practices of contention in the context of bureaucratic nationalism, when state institutions in Lithuania were employing people who were nationally conscious. This, when a political opportunity emerged, allowed a rapid mass mobilization led by Sąjūdis.

This article is a short introduction to how interdisciplinary theoretical perspectives can be developed for analyzing the phenomenon of national mobilization. The successful mass mobilization in Lithuania demonstrantes that Soviet mental programming was not successful in changing, using Rorty's terminology, the most parochial terms in the final vocabularies of Lithuanians. National identity was preserved during the period of occupation, and provided the grounds for collective action. The success of mobilization (in the "noisy phase") was closely connected with national values that were preserved during the period of Soviet occupation (the "quiet phase"), using various unobtrusive practices of contention in the context of bureaucratic nationalism, when state institutions in Lithuania were employing people who were nationally conscious. This, when a political opportunity emerged, allowed a rapid mass mobilization led by Sąjūdis.

This article is a short introduction to how interdisciplinary theoretical perspectives can be developed for analyzing the phenomenon of national mobilization. The successful mass mobilization in Lithuania demonstrantes that Soviet mental programming was not successful in changing, using Rorty's terminology, the most parochial terms in the final vocabularies of Lithuanians. National identity was preserved during the period of occupation, and provided the grounds for collective action. The success of mobilization (in the "noisy phase") was closely connected with national values that were preserved during the period of Soviet occupation (the "quiet phase"), using various unobtrusive practices of contention in the context of bureaucratic nationalism, when state institutions in Lithuania were employing people who were nationally conscious. This, when a political opportunity emerged, allowed a rapid mass mobilization led by Sąjūdis.

This article aims at describing the development of Lithuanian military units and their participation in wars in 1812-1814. To do so, the method of summarising and synthesis of the latest data and materials provided by historians was applied, also using historiographical sources that have been rarely used up to the present day.

This article aims at describing the development of Lithuanian military units and their participation in wars in 1812-1814. To do so, the method of summarising and synthesis of the latest data and materials provided by historians was applied, also using historiographical sources that have been rarely used up to the present day.

This article aims at describing the development of Lithuanian military units and their participation in wars in 1812-1814. To do so, the method of summarising and synthesis of the latest data and materials provided by historians was applied, also using historiographical sources that have been rarely used up to the present day.

The first great international conflict of the Modern times in the North Europe was the Livonian war, that lasted for about twenty years. In the final stages of this conflict two major powers - the Poland-Lithuania state and Russian the Grand duchy of Moscow opposed each other in series of the final decisive battles. In 1575–1577 Russia tried to establish it's domination in Livonia invading territories controlled by Sweden and Lithuania. King Stephanus Bathorius mobilized financial and human resourses of the Lithuanian-Polish nobility and in person took part in modernization of the army and planning of military actions. In 1578 the Lithuanian army regained initiative and began repulsion of Russian forces from Livonia. In 1579 joined Lithuanian-Polish army recaptured Polock district. In 1580 Livonia was almost cut from Russia by deep invasion in Velikie Luki region. Objective of the final campaign of 1581 was Pskov city, but after long blockade Pskov wasn't taken. Finally Russia was military defeated and agreed on withdrawal from Livonia by the peace Zapole Jama 1582. During the war the Lithuanian army was independent and the largest part of the joined forces but during all campaigns it played secondary role and was used mostly for blockade of Russian strongholds and cutting of reinforcement routes. The Major action taken by the Lithuanians during these campaigns was daring expeditions into depths of Russia. After the war lack of the Lithuanian military strength allowed Polish. [to full text]

The first great international conflict of the Modern times in the North Europe was the Livonian war, that lasted for about twenty years. In the final stages of this conflict two major powers - the Poland-Lithuania state and Russian the Grand duchy of Moscow opposed each other in series of the final decisive battles. In 1575–1577 Russia tried to establish it's domination in Livonia invading territories controlled by Sweden and Lithuania. King Stephanus Bathorius mobilized financial and human resourses of the Lithuanian-Polish nobility and in person took part in modernization of the army and planning of military actions. In 1578 the Lithuanian army regained initiative and began repulsion of Russian forces from Livonia. In 1579 joined Lithuanian-Polish army recaptured Polock district. In 1580 Livonia was almost cut from Russia by deep invasion in Velikie Luki region. Objective of the final campaign of 1581 was Pskov city, but after long blockade Pskov wasn't taken. Finally Russia was military defeated and agreed on withdrawal from Livonia by the peace Zapole Jama 1582. During the war the Lithuanian army was independent and the largest part of the joined forces but during all campaigns it played secondary role and was used mostly for blockade of Russian strongholds and cutting of reinforcement routes. The Major action taken by the Lithuanians during these campaigns was daring expeditions into depths of Russia. After the war lack of the Lithuanian military strength allowed Polish. [to full text]

The first great international conflict of the Modern times in the North Europe was the Livonian war, that lasted for about twenty years. In the final stages of this conflict two major powers - the Poland-Lithuania state and Russian the Grand duchy of Moscow opposed each other in series of the final decisive battles. In 1575–1577 Russia tried to establish it's domination in Livonia invading territories controlled by Sweden and Lithuania. King Stephanus Bathorius mobilized financial and human resourses of the Lithuanian-Polish nobility and in person took part in modernization of the army and planning of military actions. In 1578 the Lithuanian army regained initiative and began repulsion of Russian forces from Livonia. In 1579 joined Lithuanian-Polish army recaptured Polock district. In 1580 Livonia was almost cut from Russia by deep invasion in Velikie Luki region. Objective of the final campaign of 1581 was Pskov city, but after long blockade Pskov wasn't taken. Finally Russia was military defeated and agreed on withdrawal from Livonia by the peace Zapole Jama 1582. During the war the Lithuanian army was independent and the largest part of the joined forces but during all campaigns it played secondary role and was used mostly for blockade of Russian strongholds and cutting of reinforcement routes. The Major action taken by the Lithuanians during these campaigns was daring expeditions into depths of Russia. After the war lack of the Lithuanian military strength allowed Polish. [to full text]

En 1768–1772, sur le territoire de la République de Deux Peuples, les luttes entre la Confédération de Bar et les armées de l'empire de Russie avec le souverain Stanislovas Augustas Poniatovskis ont eu lieu. Le but de l'article – parcourir l'activité de l'armée de la Lituanie pendant la Confédération de Bar en 1768–1772. Les objets de l'article : 1. Évaluer le comportement politique des dirigeant supérieurs et des commandants des unités 2. Faire l'analyse quantitative et qualitative de l'armée 3. Parcourir l'activité militaire de l'armée de la Lituanie et de ses unités, en analysant les batailles et les confrontations 4. Évaluer l'influence des batailles de la Confédération de Bar sur l'armée. L'armée de la Lituanie a eu la position politique neutre pendant la Confédération de Bar en 1768–1770, mais quelques unités de l'armée ont participé dans les batailles. Cette position reflète stratégie du commandant Mykolas Kazimieras Oginskis, qui a eu l'intention de protéger l'armée lituanienne et de défendre ses propres priorités. Les unités de l'armée lituanienne les plus appréciés étaient les régiments des Tatars de Bielakas et de Koryckis qui participaient dans les batailles pour toutes les deux parties en guerre. Dans les années 1968 – 1772, les régiments des étrangers ont été plus petits que prévoyait les règlements, surtout, ils n'avaient pas assez de chevaux. La plus grande partie des officiers ont été en vacances, et cela a vraiment influencé le niveau de préparation des. [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

En 1768–1772, sur le territoire de la République de Deux Peuples, les luttes entre la Confédération de Bar et les armées de l'empire de Russie avec le souverain Stanislovas Augustas Poniatovskis ont eu lieu. Le but de l'article – parcourir l'activité de l'armée de la Lituanie pendant la Confédération de Bar en 1768–1772. Les objets de l'article : 1. Évaluer le comportement politique des dirigeant supérieurs et des commandants des unités 2. Faire l'analyse quantitative et qualitative de l'armée 3. Parcourir l'activité militaire de l'armée de la Lituanie et de ses unités, en analysant les batailles et les confrontations 4. Évaluer l'influence des batailles de la Confédération de Bar sur l'armée. L'armée de la Lituanie a eu la position politique neutre pendant la Confédération de Bar en 1768–1770, mais quelques unités de l'armée ont participé dans les batailles. Cette position reflète stratégie du commandant Mykolas Kazimieras Oginskis, qui a eu l'intention de protéger l'armée lituanienne et de défendre ses propres priorités. Les unités de l'armée lituanienne les plus appréciés étaient les régiments des Tatars de Bielakas et de Koryckis qui participaient dans les batailles pour toutes les deux parties en guerre. Dans les années 1968 – 1772, les régiments des étrangers ont été plus petits que prévoyait les règlements, surtout, ils n'avaient pas assez de chevaux. La plus grande partie des officiers ont été en vacances, et cela a vraiment influencé le niveau de préparation des. [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

En 1768–1772, sur le territoire de la République de Deux Peuples, les luttes entre la Confédération de Bar et les armées de l'empire de Russie avec le souverain Stanislovas Augustas Poniatovskis ont eu lieu. Le but de l'article – parcourir l'activité de l'armée de la Lituanie pendant la Confédération de Bar en 1768–1772. Les objets de l'article : 1. Évaluer le comportement politique des dirigeant supérieurs et des commandants des unités 2. Faire l'analyse quantitative et qualitative de l'armée 3. Parcourir l'activité militaire de l'armée de la Lituanie et de ses unités, en analysant les batailles et les confrontations 4. Évaluer l'influence des batailles de la Confédération de Bar sur l'armée. L'armée de la Lituanie a eu la position politique neutre pendant la Confédération de Bar en 1768–1770, mais quelques unités de l'armée ont participé dans les batailles. Cette position reflète stratégie du commandant Mykolas Kazimieras Oginskis, qui a eu l'intention de protéger l'armée lituanienne et de défendre ses propres priorités. Les unités de l'armée lituanienne les plus appréciés étaient les régiments des Tatars de Bielakas et de Koryckis qui participaient dans les batailles pour toutes les deux parties en guerre. Dans les années 1968 – 1772, les régiments des étrangers ont été plus petits que prévoyait les règlements, surtout, ils n'avaient pas assez de chevaux. La plus grande partie des officiers ont été en vacances, et cela a vraiment influencé le niveau de préparation des. [toliau žr. visą tekstą]