In the narrow sense, "Geomagnetic Information" (GI) refers to the Earth's magnetic field declination (D) and its annual variation (AVD) as marginal information of official and military maps. In order to assess the reliability and update the geomagnetic information, it is necessary to continuously monitor the GI model by observing the Earth's magnetic field. ; U užem smislu, "geomagnetska informacija" (GI) odnosi se na deklinaciju (D) Zemljinog magnetskog polja i njezinu godišnju promjenu (GPD), kao informaciju izvan okvirnog sadržaja službenih i vojnih karata. Za procjenu pouzdanosti i ažuriranje geomagnetske informacije, neophodno je kontinuirano praćenje GI modela opažanjem Zemljinog magnetskog polja.
U članku je opisan razvoj modela podataka u Republici Hrvatskoj te detaljno izmijenjeni model podataka CROTIS 2.0. Za usporedbu je dan prikaz modela podataka iz dviju europskih zemalja. Uzeti su primjeri Danske i Nizozemske s obzirom na to da obje imaju temeljne topografske baze u mjerilu 1:10 000, a površinom su slične Republici Hrvatskoj. Pretpostavlja se da površina države utječe na cikluse i vrijeme potrebno za prikupljanje i obradu podataka, pa je namjera bila izložiti kako su ti modeli i procesi organizirani u europskim državama koje raspolažu sa sličnim količinama podataka. TOP10DK je vektorska topografska baza koja je iz baze za proizvodnju topografskih karata prerasla u izvornik za druge prostorne registre u Danskoj. Drugi primjer je Nizozemski TOP10NL s posebnim osvrtom na njegovu dostupnost široj javnosti putem web portala. U Hrvatskoj se model podataka CROTIS razvija od 1997. godine, od 2000. je u službenoj upotrebi, a od tada se kontinuirano nadograđuje i poboljšava prateći tehnološki napredak i, u posljednje vrijeme, zahtjeve koje postavlja Europska unija. Opisane su i komponente interoperabilnosti Generičkog konceptualnog modela (GCM) INSPIRE-a, budući da je ispunjavanjem tih zahtjeva bilo koji skup podataka moguće uskladiti s INSPIRE-om. ; This article describes data models in two European countries and presents the development of the data model in the Republic of Croatia, describing in detail the modified CROTIS 2.0 data model. Denmark and the Netherlands are taken as examples, as they both have basic topographic databases in the scale of 1:10 000 and have similar area as the Republic of Croatia. It is assumption that the area of the state influences on the cycles and time needed for the data gathering and editing. The intention was to present how these processes are organised in the European countries that have similar amount of data. TOP10DK is a vector topographic base which grew from a topographic maps production base into an original for other spatial registers in Denmark. The second example is Dutch TOP10NL, with special reference to its availability to the public through a web-portal. In Croatia, the CROTIS data model started to develop in 1997 and came into official use in 2000, after which it has been continuously upgraded and improved following developments in technology and, lately, requirements set by the European Union. Interoperability components of the Generic Conceptual Model (GCM) are also described, since meeting their requirements makes it possible to harmonise any data set with INSPIRE.
U članku je opisan razvoj modela podataka u Republici Hrvatskoj te detaljno izmijenjeni model podataka CROTIS 2.0. Za usporedbu je dan prikaz modela podataka iz dviju europskih zemalja. Uzeti su primjeri Danske i Nizozemske s obzirom na to da obje imaju temeljne topografske baze u mjerilu 1:10 000, a površinom su slične Republici Hrvatskoj. Pretpostavlja se da površina države utječe na cikluse i vrijeme potrebno za prikupljanje i obradu podataka, pa je namjera bila izložiti kako su ti modeli i procesi organizirani u europskim državama koje raspolažu sa sličnim količinama podataka. TOP10DK je vektorska topografska baza koja je iz baze za proizvodnju topografskih karata prerasla u izvornik za druge prostorne registre u Danskoj. Drugi primjer je Nizozemski TOP10NL s posebnim osvrtom na njegovu dostupnost široj javnosti putem web portala. U Hrvatskoj se model podataka CROTIS razvija od 1997. godine, od 2000. je u službenoj upotrebi, a od tada se kontinuirano nadograđuje i poboljšava prateći tehnološki napredak i, u posljednje vrijeme, zahtjeve koje postavlja Europska unija. Opisane su i komponente interoperabilnosti Generičkog konceptualnog modela (GCM) INSPIRE-a, budući da je ispunjavanjem tih zahtjeva bilo koji skup podataka moguće uskladiti s INSPIRE-om. ; This article describes data models in two European countries and presents the development of the data model in the Republic of Croatia, describing in detail the modified CROTIS 2.0 data model. Denmark and the Netherlands are taken as examples, as they both have basic topographic databases in the scale of 1:10 000 and have similar area as the Republic of Croatia. It is assumption that the area of the state influences on the cycles and time needed for the data gathering and editing. The intention was to present how these processes are organised in the European countries that have similar amount of data. TOP10DK is a vector topographic base which grew from a topographic maps production base into an original for other spatial registers in Denmark. The second example is Dutch TOP10NL, with special reference to its availability to the public through a web-portal. In Croatia, the CROTIS data model started to develop in 1997 and came into official use in 2000, after which it has been continuously upgraded and improved following developments in technology and, lately, requirements set by the European Union. Interoperability components of the Generic Conceptual Model (GCM) are also described, since meeting their requirements makes it possible to harmonise any data set with INSPIRE.
This thesis is focused on temporal information processing, which is a task framed in the field of natural language processing. The aim of this task is to obtain the temporal location and ordering of the events expressed in text or discourse, which requires the automatic interpretation of temporal expressions, events, and the temporal relations between them. The majority of current approaches are based on morphosyntactic knowledge. However, temporal entities are often ambiguous at that language analysis level. Our hypothesis is that the linguistic expression of time is a semantic phenomenon and therefore, to achieve a better extraction performance, temporal information must be processed using semantics. To prove this hypothesis, we present a semantic approach to temporal information processing: TIPSem. This is an automated system that includes features based on lexical semantics, semantic roles, and temporal semantics, in addition to morphosyntactic features. TIPSem has been empirically evaluated through the participation in the TempEval-2 international evaluation exercise and subsequent experiments based on this test. The results obtained firmly support the presented hypothesis and their analysis demonstrates that semantic features aid in handling morphosyntactic ambiguity and favour generalization capabilities. These conclusions have been reached for different languages (i.e., English, Spanish, Italian, and Chinese), which supports the defended hypothesis at a multilingual level. Finally, as compared with the state of the art, TIPSem obtains a very competitive performance level and introduces a remarkable improvement in event processing. TIPSem has been applied to the problem of graphical representation of temporal information. We have developed a dynamic interface which brings users time-based access to information: Time-Surfer. The results obtained through a user-oriented evaluation of this interface demonstrate that TIPSem's performance is also satisfactory from an extrinsic standpoint. ; This PhD thesis has been supported by the Spanish Government, in projects: TIN-2006-15265-C06-01, TIN-2009-13391-C04-01 and PROMETEO/2009/119, where Hector Llorens is funded under a FPI grant (BES-2007-16256).
The indicators of health condition and providing medical protection are necessary for making assessment of health condition at the level of population, improvement of the healthcare system and making health-related and political decision with an aim to improve the citizens' health. Qualitative and reliable original data is necessary for the preparation of indicators. According to the indicators of mortality and morbidity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the prioritized public health problem in Croatia. They are the major cause of mortality, in men with a share of 42.6% and in women with a share of 56.4% in total mortality. In CVD hospital morbidity, they are represented in men in the first place with a share of 14.9% and in women, they take the second place with a share of 12.5% in total number of hospitalizations. Totally, more women die of CVD and men die of CVD more frequently at younger age, however, women are hospitalized less frequently.
Information technologies, free flow of information, free media & the right to communication are the pillars communicative sovereignty springs up from, relying upon them, too. This was a 20th century creation but it has been globally & more fully realised in the 21st century. Civilisational openness & acceptance ability are the key categories for prosperity of communicative sovereignty. References. Adapted from the source document.
Information technology is increasingly shaping human life, greatly enlarging the quantity of publicly accessible information. There are also a greater number of people who use this information actively, which should make more space for the development of communication culture. However, there are certain problems. Information technology deprives humans of many natural ways of communication, & personal communication is necessary to well-being. Then again, when using information technology, people should not let themselves become mere slaves, but should aspire to become subjects -- active agents of the process with all the characteristics that make them human. 13 References. Adapted from the source document.
In this paper we are presenting the results of a scientific research on the changes in the characteristics of terrorism in the information age, relating to the influences of network technologies, results of the information revolution, the paradigm of terrorism. Perceiving the terrorism in a wider context as a conflict, Arquilla, Ronfeldt & Zanini have found two particularly interesting aspects of the influence of the information revolution on its characteristics: one, information revolution is favoring & strengthening network forms of organization, & is at the same time enabling the realization of their comparative advantages over hierarchical forms & two, the conduct & outcome of conflicts will increasingly depend on information & communication technologies. Exploring the influence on organizational forms, they have formulated a hypothesis on evolution of the hierarchical forms into network forms of organization; chain network, star network & all-channel network, substantiating the evolution of terrorism towards netwar. Netwar refers to an emerging mode of conflict at societal level, in which the protagonists use network forms of organization & related doctrines, strategies & technologies of the information age. The choice of the opus operandi of the netwar by the terrorist organization depends on the doctrinal paradigms that formulate their goals & strategies, which can be defined as the coercive diplomacy paradigm, the war paradigm & the new-world paradigm. The particular problem is that all three paradigms offer room for cybotage with the goal of disruption & destruction of information infrastructure. Based on the above stated premises we have researched "new" terrorism characteristics at organizational, doctrinal, strategic & technological levels. The study has confirmed the evolution of terrorism towards netwar & the emerging of "new terrorism," hence the counter terrorism activities will needed to be adapted at the organizational, strategic & technological levels respectively. Given methodology also represents a research model for the terrorism phenomenon which could be applied at a multidisciplinary approach to the antiterrorist activities. Tables, Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.
Gestió del coneixement; Biblioteques virtuals; Biblioteques de ciències de la salut; Cooperació bibliotecària ; Gestión del conocimiento; Bibliotecas virtuales; Bibliotecas de ciencias de la salud; Cooperación bibliotecaria ; Knowledge Management; Digital Libraries; Health libraries; Library cooperation ; La Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de Cataluña (BCS) se creó en el 2014, dentro de la estructura del Departamento de Salud de la Generalitat de Catalunya, con el objetivo de desarrollar un sistema homogéneo de acceso a la información bibliográfica y de provisión de servicios bibliográficos para los profesionales del sector público de salud catalán. En este contexto, el objetivo de este estudio es describir la evolución del BCS hasta su transformación en una herramienta de apoyo para la gestión y la localización del conocimiento científico a través del uso inteligente e intensivo de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), promoviendo el cambio organizativo y la mejora en la prestación de servicios bibliotecarios. Para el desarrollo de la Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de Cataluña (BCS) se definió un Plan Estratégico a medio plazo (4-5 años). Este Plan Estratégico se articuló en torno a tres pilares: promover la creación de una biblioteca transversal que integre los recursos y servicios bibliográficos, crear una plataforma digital diseñada para dar acceso ininterrumpido a los recursos y servicios, y construir una red de bibliotecas que garantice la provisión de servicios de forma coordinada. Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: • Creación de la Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de Catalunya (BCS) dentro del Departamento de Salud de la Generalitat de Catalunya. • Definición de la cartera de servicios de la BCS. • Identificación de los recursos bibliográficos. • Identificación y desarrollo de un modelo TIC y creación de la Biblioteca Virtual del Sistema Sanitario Público de Catalunya. • Definición del modelo económico y de financiación. • Creación de un Plan Estratégico de la red de bibliotecas e incorporación gradual de las entidades del sector mayoritario de salud. La creación de la Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de Catalunya (BCS) surge como un proyecto nuevo y transformador que ha promovido un cambio de hábitos de acceso a la información y la adaptación a un nuevo entorno digital. Estos cambios han facilitado la introducción de una visión de biblioteca integral que promueva el trabajo cooperativo, la optimización los recursos y servicios bibliográficos existentes dentro del sistema público de salud catalán, y el acceso homogéneo, equitativo y transversal a la información científica de calidad para los profesionales de la salud mediante el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). ; The Health Sciences Library of Catalonia (BCS) was created in 2014 within the structure of the Ministry of Health of the Regional Government of Catalonia, with the aim of establishing a homogeneous system of access to bibliographic information and provision of bibliographical services for the public health sector under the Min istry of Health. In this context, the aim of this study is to describe the evolution of the BCS until its transformation into a support tool for the management and localization of scientific knowledge through intelligent and intensive use of information and communication technologies (ICT), promoting organizational change and improvement in library service delivery. The BCS made a Strategic Plan to implement a system of integrated management of health resources and scientific services for the public health sector of Catalonia. This Strategic Plan hinged around three pillars: a cross-cutting library, integrating health sciences resources and services, a digital platform designed for end users giving uninterrupted access to resources and services, and a library network ensuring the provision of services in a consistent and coordinated way. The results obtained were the following: • Creation of the Health Sciences Library of Catalonia (BCS) within the Ministry of Health of the Regional Government of Catalonia as a cross-cutting body. • Definition of the services portfolio of the BCS. • Identification of bibliographic resources. • Identification and development of an ICT model and creation of the Virtual Library. • Definition of the economic and funding model. • Creation of Strategic Plan for the libraries network. • Staged incorporation of public health sector bodies. The creation of the Health Sciences Library of Catalonia (BCS) emerges as a new and transformative project that has promoted a change of habits and adaptation into a new digital environment. This change has facilitated the introduction of comprehensive library vision to promote the cooperative working and optimize existing bibliographic resources and services within the Catalan public health system, enabling homogeneous and cross-cutting access to quality scientific information for health professionals through the use of information and communication technologies (ICT).
The paper analyzes the development of journalism from practice to theory & outlines the stages in the formation of the science of journalism or novitology. As an interdisciplinary, synthetic science, novitology connects everyday journalistic practice & meta-theoretical deliberations on the scope & the potential of journalism as a social function. While cogitating on the general tasks of journalism, the author focuses on the creation of news & its dissemination, fostering awareness of the methodological instruments, the moral dimensions of journalism, & modern media technology. All these chain-links should be connected in journalistic science; also, the relationships & inter-relations among universal, particular, & individual disciplines within the system of novitology should be analyzed by means of a systematic methodology. 12 References. Adapted from the source document.
The concept of new information technologies of modifications & processing information is taking on new proportions. The new possibilities in data processing have had far-reaching consequences. Relations in certain human activities as well as in the society on the whole have been changing. Today it would be possible to ensure such an interaction in which an individual & a group have equal opportunities to participate in all aspects of communal life. The pronounced political illusionism has created a wider gap between the real & the virtual. The information-based production requires greater interaction than in the previous, industrial era. Adapted from the source document.
The concept of new information technologies of modifications & processing information is taking on new proportions. The new possibilities in data processing have had far-reaching consequences. Relations in certain human activities as well as in the society on the whole have been changing. Today it would be possible to ensure such an interaction in which an individual & a group have equal opportunities to participate in all aspects of communal life. The pronounced political illusionism has created a wider gap between the real & the virtual. The information-based production requires greater interaction than in the previous, industrial era. Adapted from the source document.
Electronic media in many countries have from their inception been linked & defined with commercial content. However, together with the development of the system of commercial radio, democratic countries very soon began to build &/or revamp the alternative systems of public &/or noncommercial radio. The 1994 Croatian Law on telecommunications again allowed private ownership of electronic media & consequently the number of radio-stations doubled. There are 114 of them today (excluding Croatian Radio stations). However, the expected democratization of the media resulted only in an increase of commercial & entertaining broadcasts. The true role of the radio as a public media whose purpose is public dissemination of information has been replaced by a new (& profitable) role of public entertainer. Should radio be left there? 2 Tables, 28 References. Adapted from the source document.
In Croatia, the issue of the legal status of the sources of journalists' information as well as the status of journalists who publish sensitive information is increasingly gaining prominence. This is a subject that includes elements of constitutional, media, labor, civil, & penal law. The essay is limited to people as information sources. The sources can be divided into internal & external. The rationale for the sources' confidentiality privilege lies in the fact that journalists serve public goals & their sources can find themselves imperiled. According to the author's classification, the risks of this privilege are faced either by the sources (direct or indirect manipulation, smear campaigns, misapprehensions) or by the journalists ("protecting" a fictional source, subsequent blackmail of the source, misapprehensions). In Croatia, the protection of the information sources is defined in Article 12 of the Law on Public Information. The author outlines the major comparative systems of regulation of this field, the examples of antinomies among different Croatian regulations (the principles for their resolution are also offered) & analyzes the position of certain types of sources in relation to the Croatian law. And finally, the author compares the regulations of the Croatian law with the comparative systems, analyzes the representation of certain forms of responsibility of certain types of subjects & lists the principles he deems most important regarding journalists' work (the necessity of protecting the sources, the responsibility of journalists toward their sources, the different legal status of journalists & their sources, the protection of privacy, the verification of confidentiality, the more dominant interest, the importance of administrative ethics, the familiarity with the regulations, the adequate legal definition of a secret). 30 References. Adapted from the source document.
