Suchergebnisse

The article considers the main indicators of demographic development of the Russian Federation in recent years in connection with the level of development of social infrastructure. It is shown that the demographic situation in the country is deteriorating, that is due to both subjective and objective reasons. Among the objective reasons, the main one is the change in the age structure of the population, which is expressed in a sharp decrease in the number of women in fertile age. This is due to the acute demographic crisis of the 1990s, «demographic waves» generated by the Great Patriotic War, and other factors. Among the subjective causes of the decline in birth rate, the article highlights the general patterns of reduction in the number of children in families as the level of socio-economic development increases, which are characteristic of all countries of European culture. In particular, the reduction in the number of children is facilitated by such factors as reduction in the share of officially registered families, increase in child support costs, and the financial difficultiesfaced by families with children during economic crises and stagnation. All these cases are typical for regions of the Russian Federation in recent years. Development of social infrastructure — education, healthcare, culture, sports, and other similar systems — could improve the demographic situation in Russia. Unfortunately, in recent years, such systems have been degrading rather than developing in Russia. This is facilitated by the system of statistical reporting that does not reflect the actual situation. The article proposes approaches that could overcome this shortcoming of the present statistical reporting system, thereby contributing to the demographic development of the modern Russian Federation.

An article about the transformation of the theory and practice of marketing in terms of e-commerce and network economy. The author considers Internet Marketing as an independent marketing communication in a virtual environment. The main thesis of the article: virtual environment determines the transformation of marketing, changing methods, priorities and structure not only practice, but also the theory of marketing.

Tourism is becoming one of the perspective/ priority guideline of development of the cross-border regions of Russia. The aim of the study is to determine the general trends and features of tourism infrastructure development as one of the major structural components of a tourist destination, a key factor in the development of regional tourism. The study used the analysis of the conceptual and terminological system, comparison method, analog approach, the method of analysis of time series. Influence of cross-border location on the development of tourism infrastructure is proved on analyzing of indexes of 37 cross-border regions. The condition and level of tourism infrastructure development depend of the nature of cooperation between Russia and neighboring countries in historical aspect. The received practical results allow us to present a comprehensive picture of the state of tourist infrastructure. Besides, they can be used in the study of development of tourist infrastructure and tourist business at the regional level. The practical application of the proposed approach gives an opportunity to expand possible options for management decisions, acting as a tool of regional economic policy in the sphere of tourism.

The article analyzes the doctrinal foundations of technological connection as an institution of energy legislation, as well as its main features and problems of law enforcement. At the same time, the multidimensional nature of this institution is emphasized, in particular, including technological, economic and legal aspects. The expediency of legislative consolidation of the right of access to energy infrastructure for consumers of energy and energy resources, which must be distinguished from factual (technological) actions aimed at its implementation, is shown. The possible cases of denial of access to technological infrastructure and their consequences are analyzed, the need for regulation of such consequences for network and resource transportation organizations is shown. From the doctrinal and law enforcement positions, the question of the legal nature of the technological connection agreement is investigated, while the impossibility of its legal qualification as a sui generis contract is shown. The legal qualification of the contract for technological connection is related to the issue of the customer's right to unilaterally refuse to execute the contract for technological connection, which is an important element of its legal status. When studying the issue of alienation of the right to the connected capacity, it is concluded that its alienation is permissible, provided that mechanisms are created to prevent abuse of the right in this area.

Purpose: to define the main ways of increasing the efficiency of regional medical equipment service infrastructure set-up.
Methodology: the method of system approach, comparison and confrontation,
SWOT-analysis, table and abstract-logical methods.
Results: the priority regional policy directions for regulation of the relations in
the field of medical equipment maintenance were defined, including: the development and implementation of the regional medical equipment infrastructure monitoring system; the maintenance department creation on the basis of regional medical establishment; the development of the medical equipment maintenance staff training
system; the amount of financing restoration for the healthcare establishments etc.
Practical implications: the research results can be used in the authorities' activities connected with health service programme development and implementation, with regional budget suggestions preparation in the section of healthcare expenditures.

Сегодня в обновленной инфраструктуре системы образования можно наблюдать много новых подходов и инструментов, позволяющих учитывать возможности и интересы учащихся, а также обеспечивать им понятный процесс обучения и интеграцию в социальную жизнь. Актуальность исследуемой проблемы обусловлена тем, что результаты исследований демонстрируют положительное влияние обновленных элементов инфраструктуры системы образования на обучающихся с точки зрения развития когнитивных способностей и активизации элементов мотивации на занятиях по физике. Материал и методы исследования включают в себя анализ литературных источников, контент-анализ, анализ основных элементов обновленной инфраструктуры системы образования. По результатам исследования было обнаружено, что на фоне интеграции и внедрения обновленной инфраструктуры системы образования при обучении физике повышаются и улучшаются как умственные способности учащихся, так и способность фокусироваться. Выявлено, что ключевые составляющие обновленной инфраструктуры системы образования адаптируются к возможностям и способностям обучающихся с целью активизации когнитивных процессов и улучшения познавательной деятельности на современном этапе в условиях активной цифровизации системы образования. Основная суть когнитивного процесса обработки контента, сформированного новыми технологиями, направлена на улучшение его запоминания и процесса обучения.
Today, in the updated infrastructure of the educational system, we can observe many new approaches and tools that allow us to take into account the capabilities and interests of students, as well as to provide them with a comprehensible learning process and integration into social life. The relevance of the problem under study is due to the fact that the research results demonstrate the positive impact of updated infrastructure elements on students in terms of cognitive abilities and activation of the elements of motivation in physics classes. The material and research methods include analysis of research works, the method of content analysis, analysis of the main elements of the updated infrastructure of the educational system. According to the results of the study, it was found that against the background of the integration and implementation of the updated infrastructure of the education system, both the mental abilities of students and the ability to focus increase and improve when teaching physics. The conclusions indicate that the key components of the updated infrastructure of the education system are adapting to the capabilities and abilities of students of physics in order to activate cognitive processes and improve cognitive activity at the present stage in the conditions of active digitalization of the educational system. The main essence of the cognitive process of content processing formed by new technologies is aimed at improving its memorization and learning process.

Сегодня в обновленной инфраструктуре системы образования можно наблюдать много новых подходов и инструментов, позволяющих учитывать возможности и интересы учащихся, а также обеспечивать им понятный процесс обучения и интеграцию в социальную жизнь. Актуальность исследуемой проблемы обусловлена тем, что результаты исследований демонстрируют положительное влияние обновленных элементов инфраструктуры системы образования на обучающихся с точки зрения развития когнитивных способностей и активизации элементов мотивации на занятиях по физике. Материал и методы исследования включают в себя анализ литературных источников, контент-анализ, анализ основных элементов обновленной инфраструктуры системы образования. По результатам исследования было обнаружено, что на фоне интеграции и внедрения обновленной инфраструктуры системы образования при обучении физике повышаются и улучшаются как умственные способности учащихся, так и способность фокусироваться. Выявлено, что ключевые составляющие обновленной инфраструктуры системы образования адаптируются к возможностям и способностям обучающихся с целью активизации когнитивных процессов и улучшения познавательной деятельности на современном этапе в условиях активной цифровизации системы образования. Основная суть когнитивного процесса обработки контента, сформированного новыми технологиями, направлена на улучшение его запоминания и процесса обучения.
Today, in the updated infrastructure of the educational system, we can observe many new approaches and tools that allow us to take into account the capabilities and interests of students, as well as to provide them with a comprehensible learning process and integration into social life. The relevance of the problem under study is due to the fact that the research results demonstrate the positive impact of updated infrastructure elements on students in terms of cognitive abilities and activation of the elements of motivation in physics classes. The material and research methods include analysis of research works, the method of content analysis, analysis of the main elements of the updated infrastructure of the educational system. According to the results of the study, it was found that against the background of the integration and implementation of the updated infrastructure of the education system, both the mental abilities of students and the ability to focus increase and improve when teaching physics. The conclusions indicate that the key components of the updated infrastructure of the education system are adapting to the capabilities and abilities of students of physics in order to activate cognitive processes and improve cognitive activity at the present stage in the conditions of active digitalization of the educational system. The main essence of the cognitive process of content processing formed by new technologies is aimed at improving its memorization and learning process.

The process of natural monopoly Russian structure reforming and situation connected with modification the conditions of natural monopoly state regulation, list of activities and price techniques in the sphere are analyzed. There are represented the guidelines on diagnostics of infrastructure technology using natural monopoly activity indicators and taking into account network specific of transport, communications, energy and so on. Some features of realization the approaches on diagnostics and modeling natural monopoly infrastructure technologies are considered.

Among the stable trends in the post-Soviet economic development of Russia is the increasing participation of private capital in various state innovation projects. This is manifested in the establishment of public-private partnerships (PPPs), i.e. partnerships between public and private entities, in the implementation and financing of projects of national economic significance. Based on this, the authors of the article, using the example of projects implemented in road construction, consider the mechanism of interaction between PPP project performers, and most importantly, argue the need to develop: a) new approaches to predicting the manifestations of opportunistic behavior and overcoming its consequences; b) algorithms for minimizing the transaction costs of opportunism (reaching 15% of the costs of PPP projects in the industry). It is only on this basis that the authors see the establishment of trusting public-private relations and ensuring the successful implementation of projects for the construction of road infrastructure.

В статье анализируется мнение россиян о влиянии этничности на возможность занять высокий пост в органах власти. Делается вывод, что установки об этнической обусловленности доступа к власти имеют широкое распространение и присутствуют в представлениях россиян независимо от региона проживания.

In this article, the authors attempt to study the role and place of public (municipal) private partnership in the modern organizational and economic mechanism for the development of social infrastructure in Russian territorial entities (primarily, rural municipalities). The article uses the results of systematization of the survey of the heads of the Russian Federation's constituent entities conducted in 2020 with the support of the State Duma Committee on regional policy and problems of the North and Far East.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the digital infrastructure of civil and political participation of Russians, it shows the connections between the audiences of online network communities, reflecting markers of the attitude of Russian social media users to the current government and indicators of the involvement of Russian citizens in the implementation of social initiatives. To construct graphs, we used a tool for unloading information and modeling the infrastructure of social connections of graphs, created on the basis of the programming language R. Additionally, the vkR packages were used to unload information from the VKontakte social network, as well as the igraph and ggraph packages for working with graphs and arcdiagram for visualisation. To interpret the empirical data, the principles of the network approach and the methodology of smart search for digital markers of socio-political processes were applied. As a result of the study, indicators of the density of communications between digital groups of political and civil participation were revealed, and the intersection of their audiences was established. Segments of the infrastructure of connections are shown both for all socio-media communities (research cases) and for each block of communities classified on two grounds: orientation (loyal or critically oriented towards the authorities) and type of group (political or civil). The intersection of audiences of loyalist and oppositional online communities was revealed and reflected in the graphs. The disunity and distance between loyalist, conventional audiences of groups carrying out political communication from civil groups, who are also constructively disposed towards the authorities, are shown. Revealed and graphically interpreted the techniques of capturing the user audience in the activities of opposition online leaders. Risks of a low density of connections between audiences of loyal social media communities have been substantiated. A relatively high density of connections has been established between opposition political online groups aimed at forming unconventional, deconsolidating attitudes of Russian social media users. Basic measures have been formulated to overcome the danger of consolidating supporters of opposition digital groups and the risks of increasing the influence of critical online leaders among the loyalist audience.

Целью данной статьи явился анализ основных объектов инновационных научно-технических инфраструктур региональных инновационных систем ЦФО. В рамках проведенного исследования был составлен перечень основных научно-технических региональных элементов инновационной инфраструктуры, были выявлены региональные различия дифференциации основных объектов инновационной инфраструктуры в трех группах субъектов Федерации, входящих в Центральный федеральный округ.