Institutions-organizations and institutions-rules (norms), levels of institutionalization and its influence on political development of political system, constitutions and constitutional interpretation, structural-functional characteristic of the main political institutions (parties, party and electoral systems, legislatures and executive power, public administration, interest groups, local governance, judicial and political communication institutions), variuos types, models of these institutions and activity, interaction between political institutions and their influence on real politics, institutional engineering, institutionalization of the political institutions, democratization and democratic consolidation processes – all these questions were discussed in this methodical book.
Institutions-organizations and institutions-rules (norms), levels of institutionalization and its influence on political development of political system, constitutions and constitutional interpretation, structural-functional characteristic of the main political institutions (parties, party and electoral systems, legislatures and executive power, public administration, interest groups, local governance, judicial and political communication institutions), variuos types, models of these institutions and activity, interaction between political institutions and their influence on real politics, institutional engineering, institutionalization of the political institutions, democratization and democratic consolidation processes – all these questions were discussed in this methodical book.
Institutions-organizations and institutions-rules (norms), levels of institutionalization and its influence on political development of political system, constitutions and constitutional interpretation, structural-functional characteristic of the main political institutions (parties, party and electoral systems, legislatures and executive power, public administration, interest groups, local governance, judicial and political communication institutions), variuos types, models of these institutions and activity, interaction between political institutions and their influence on real politics, institutional engineering, institutionalization of the political institutions, democratization and democratic consolidation processes – all these questions were discussed in this methodical book.
Valdas Kvedaras. The role of state and self-government institutions in alcohol prevention in educational institutions. Final work of Master's studies of Management and Public administration / scientific adviser senior lecturer dr. Aistė Lazauskienė, Siauliai University, Department of Management – Siauliai, 2008, - 71 p. In the Master's final work the actualities of alcohol prevention in Lithuania are formulated. Law acts of the Lithuanian Republic associated with alcohol prevention in educational institutions are analyzed. The work gives teachers', social workers' and head teachers' working in Radviliskis district opinions on alcohol prevention in educational institutions, the role of state and self- government institutions in alcohol prevention in educational institutions.
Valdas Kvedaras. The role of state and self-government institutions in alcohol prevention in educational institutions. Final work of Master's studies of Management and Public administration / scientific adviser senior lecturer dr. Aistė Lazauskienė, Siauliai University, Department of Management – Siauliai, 2008, - 71 p. In the Master's final work the actualities of alcohol prevention in Lithuania are formulated. Law acts of the Lithuanian Republic associated with alcohol prevention in educational institutions are analyzed. The work gives teachers', social workers' and head teachers' working in Radviliskis district opinions on alcohol prevention in educational institutions, the role of state and self- government institutions in alcohol prevention in educational institutions.
SUMMERY Personnel Education in State Institution A basic problem being the study object of the thesis entitled Personnel Education in State Institution is our ever changing (improving) life and the unprepared community (the employees of the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA). In other words, here one gets insight into and examines why it is precisely the persons who are employed at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA have not been comprehensively prepared for the changes that require a continuous training (improvement), meanwhile, it is precisely nowadays that a reconstruction (improvement of technologies and installation of new equipment) of the divisions at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA is taking place. An anonymous quiz has been carried out during the study with the help of a questionnaire. After having analysed the obtained data, factors that might facilitate or perhaps even solve the raised problem are presented. Also, during the study one has obtained sufficiently positive results. One of the most important obtained results is that most questioned company's employees have a positive attitude to the need of training during one's whole life and also believe that it is indispensable to change (train and improve) themselves. During the quiz a respondents' opinion that an initiative for training (improving) must arise from employees themselves has become clear. In parallel, the reasons why some respondents are willing to improve their qualifications, but do not do so, have been analysed. Only one third of the questioned employees are sure that the training at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA has been well organised.
SUMMERY Personnel Education in State Institution A basic problem being the study object of the thesis entitled Personnel Education in State Institution is our ever changing (improving) life and the unprepared community (the employees of the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA). In other words, here one gets insight into and examines why it is precisely the persons who are employed at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA have not been comprehensively prepared for the changes that require a continuous training (improvement), meanwhile, it is precisely nowadays that a reconstruction (improvement of technologies and installation of new equipment) of the divisions at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA is taking place. An anonymous quiz has been carried out during the study with the help of a questionnaire. After having analysed the obtained data, factors that might facilitate or perhaps even solve the raised problem are presented. Also, during the study one has obtained sufficiently positive results. One of the most important obtained results is that most questioned company's employees have a positive attitude to the need of training during one's whole life and also believe that it is indispensable to change (train and improve) themselves. During the quiz a respondents' opinion that an initiative for training (improving) must arise from employees themselves has become clear. In parallel, the reasons why some respondents are willing to improve their qualifications, but do not do so, have been analysed. Only one third of the questioned employees are sure that the training at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA has been well organised.
Recently, the necessity to apply education management elements in the activities of pre-school educational institutions is becoming more prominent. As stated in the Law on Education of the Republic of Lithuania, it is crucial to master the knowledge, skills and abilities of education management. Managing an educational institution is not limited to setting out the goals and objectives, planning and organizing work, but also includes purposeful targeting of technical, social, pedagogical, psychological and biological processes seeking optimal results, while taking into account the peculiarities of these processes. To explore the importance of education management in pre-school educational institutions it has been decided to analyze how the heads of pre-school educational institutions organize work in the institutions they lead, which managerial features are present there, what leadership styles are used during administrative work and how the chosen leadership style impacts the cooperation between the head of the pre-school educational institution and the community. The objective of the study is to examine the theoretical aspects of education management in pre-school educational institutions, to show the current leadership and behavior situation of the heads of particular institutions and to provide guidelines for improving performance. The object of the study – pre-school educational institutions. Hypothesis: an inappropriate leadership style has a negative impact on the cooperation between the heads of pre-school educational institutions and community members. The theoretical study of the problem has revealed that a pre-school educational institution is a group of people in which all its members are closely linked to one another. These links must be improved and the activity process must be managed. Therefore, the organization needs a head. Leadership is one of the key factors affecting the quality of education, and a leadership style has an impact on cooperation, which is part of democratic life and means tolerance, mutual aid, ability to work, teamwork and options of opinion compatibility. The empirical part states that heads of the nurseries - kindergartens "Pipiras", "Drugelis" and "Vaidilutė" are different in terms of personality, leadership principles and leadership style. An in-depth method of interviews provides more opportunities to analyze the managerial situation and existing problems at pre-school educational institutions and to identify the managerial characteristics. The in-depth study revealed that heads of pre-school educational institutions have more responsibilities than heads of schools; the co-operation between the head and parents "begins from the cradle"; children are accepted by the municipality, not by the institution itself etc.
Recently, the necessity to apply education management elements in the activities of pre-school educational institutions is becoming more prominent. As stated in the Law on Education of the Republic of Lithuania, it is crucial to master the knowledge, skills and abilities of education management. Managing an educational institution is not limited to setting out the goals and objectives, planning and organizing work, but also includes purposeful targeting of technical, social, pedagogical, psychological and biological processes seeking optimal results, while taking into account the peculiarities of these processes. To explore the importance of education management in pre-school educational institutions it has been decided to analyze how the heads of pre-school educational institutions organize work in the institutions they lead, which managerial features are present there, what leadership styles are used during administrative work and how the chosen leadership style impacts the cooperation between the head of the pre-school educational institution and the community. The objective of the study is to examine the theoretical aspects of education management in pre-school educational institutions, to show the current leadership and behavior situation of the heads of particular institutions and to provide guidelines for improving performance. The object of the study – pre-school educational institutions. Hypothesis: an inappropriate leadership style has a negative impact on the cooperation between the heads of pre-school educational institutions and community members. The theoretical study of the problem has revealed that a pre-school educational institution is a group of people in which all its members are closely linked to one another. These links must be improved and the activity process must be managed. Therefore, the organization needs a head. Leadership is one of the key factors affecting the quality of education, and a leadership style has an impact on cooperation, which is part of democratic life and means tolerance, mutual aid, ability to work, teamwork and options of opinion compatibility. The empirical part states that heads of the nurseries - kindergartens "Pipiras", "Drugelis" and "Vaidilutė" are different in terms of personality, leadership principles and leadership style. An in-depth method of interviews provides more opportunities to analyze the managerial situation and existing problems at pre-school educational institutions and to identify the managerial characteristics. The in-depth study revealed that heads of pre-school educational institutions have more responsibilities than heads of schools; the co-operation between the head and parents "begins from the cradle"; children are accepted by the municipality, not by the institution itself etc.
Aim of the study. To analyze the opportunities of co-operation between health care institutions and the state controlling institutions. Methods. The survey of workers of Kaunas county health care institutions was accomplished during 2009 December - 2010 February. Questionnaires were filled-in and returned by 68 respondents of the 55 Kaunas county health care institutions (response rate 66,7%). For the assessment of the statistical relationships Chi square (χ2) criteria was used; Z-test was used for the comparison of two proportions. Differences were considered as statistically significant at p<0,05 level. Results. Kaunas county health care workers (86,8%) mostly collaborate with regional sickness insurance funds, at least with Lithuanian medical ethics committee (4,4%). Health care workers assess work of the state controlling institutions: very good (5,9%), well (38,2%), an average (51,5%), negative (4,4%). Cooperation with the state controlling institutions is preceded several times a month. Information is often transferred by e-mail to the state controlling institutions. Older workers and men often co-operate with the state controlling institutions in non-formal way. Respondents who are satisfied in supervising with the state controlling institutions are more satisfied with aspects of the issues. Only one third of the respondents received information from the state controlling institutions timely. Respondents under the age of 35 and over the age of 43 years were satisfied with the efficiency of solving problems. Health care workers emphasized the lack of information related to legislation. Health care workers employed in private institutions are not looking for new ways or forms of co-operation with the state controlling institutions. Cooperation could be improved by using innovative information technologies. Health care workers indicated the need for the common data base with the state controlling institutions. Conclusions. Most of the respondents co-operate with regional sickness insurance funds, at least with of Lithuanian medical ethics committee. The majority of the health care workers assessed the state controlling institutions as an average. Most of the respondents are not satisfied with flexibility of the state controlling institutions in solving problems.
Aim of the study. To analyze the opportunities of co-operation between health care institutions and the state controlling institutions. Methods. The survey of workers of Kaunas county health care institutions was accomplished during 2009 December - 2010 February. Questionnaires were filled-in and returned by 68 respondents of the 55 Kaunas county health care institutions (response rate 66,7%). For the assessment of the statistical relationships Chi square (χ2) criteria was used; Z-test was used for the comparison of two proportions. Differences were considered as statistically significant at p<0,05 level. Results. Kaunas county health care workers (86,8%) mostly collaborate with regional sickness insurance funds, at least with Lithuanian medical ethics committee (4,4%). Health care workers assess work of the state controlling institutions: very good (5,9%), well (38,2%), an average (51,5%), negative (4,4%). Cooperation with the state controlling institutions is preceded several times a month. Information is often transferred by e-mail to the state controlling institutions. Older workers and men often co-operate with the state controlling institutions in non-formal way. Respondents who are satisfied in supervising with the state controlling institutions are more satisfied with aspects of the issues. Only one third of the respondents received information from the state controlling institutions timely. Respondents under the age of 35 and over the age of 43 years were satisfied with the efficiency of solving problems. Health care workers emphasized the lack of information related to legislation. Health care workers employed in private institutions are not looking for new ways or forms of co-operation with the state controlling institutions. Cooperation could be improved by using innovative information technologies. Health care workers indicated the need for the common data base with the state controlling institutions. Conclusions. Most of the respondents co-operate with regional sickness insurance funds, at least with of Lithuanian medical ethics committee. The majority of the health care workers assessed the state controlling institutions as an average. Most of the respondents are not satisfied with flexibility of the state controlling institutions in solving problems.
This work aims to reveal socio-educational support models in pre-school institution. To perform research was selected qualitative research method. It was done theoretical analysis of socio-educational activities and theoretical model in pre-school. During qualitative research method using semi-structured interview were interviewed 15 experts, 10 social educators and 5 educators working in pre-school. Data of research were processed using content analysis method. In the part of study was investigate need of socio-educational support for childrens, parents community, competences of socio-educatots (educators), providing perpective, providing models, point of view of socio-educators and educators. Following qualitative study it was found that socio-educational support in pre school institution is carried out using preventive work: activities with children and children groups, activities with families, communication and collaboration, professional development of social educators. Mainly is focus on children and social skills development. Pre-school community would like that social educators more focus to children welfare, safety, pozitive integration and socialization in the society by promoting the expression of full-fledget personality. Educators expect more help: more attention and concentration in common activities, team work, communication and education of parents. Results of study reaveled socio-educational support areas for improvement: not adapted workplaces, low workloads of socio-educators, lack of National programs, legislation, job descriptions, lack of specialists (psychologist, physical therapist), lack of work methods and measures, lack of programs for improving professional competences skills. Moddeling data of study were created socio-educational support system model which interacts activities, development, environment, structure and main aim of socio-educators.
This work aims to reveal socio-educational support models in pre-school institution. To perform research was selected qualitative research method. It was done theoretical analysis of socio-educational activities and theoretical model in pre-school. During qualitative research method using semi-structured interview were interviewed 15 experts, 10 social educators and 5 educators working in pre-school. Data of research were processed using content analysis method. In the part of study was investigate need of socio-educational support for childrens, parents community, competences of socio-educatots (educators), providing perpective, providing models, point of view of socio-educators and educators. Following qualitative study it was found that socio-educational support in pre school institution is carried out using preventive work: activities with children and children groups, activities with families, communication and collaboration, professional development of social educators. Mainly is focus on children and social skills development. Pre-school community would like that social educators more focus to children welfare, safety, pozitive integration and socialization in the society by promoting the expression of full-fledget personality. Educators expect more help: more attention and concentration in common activities, team work, communication and education of parents. Results of study reaveled socio-educational support areas for improvement: not adapted workplaces, low workloads of socio-educators, lack of National programs, legislation, job descriptions, lack of specialists (psychologist, physical therapist), lack of work methods and measures, lack of programs for improving professional competences skills. Moddeling data of study were created socio-educational support system model which interacts activities, development, environment, structure and main aim of socio-educators.
In the guidelines of the EU cultural policies, institutional frameworks and missions of cultural organizations, cultural communication, and art marketing theories the concept of "audience development" indicates not only the integrated approach towards the cultivation of the demand for the arts, but also the shift in the understanding of the notion of the recipients of art as well as the audience. On the conceptual level the prioritizing of audience development (public engagement with arts) in the agendas of cultural policy makers signals the acknowledgment of art audiences as the equal participant of the aesthetic communication and legitimation of the equation of the process of art perception to that of art creation. The focus on the demands of the audience and its development is embedded in the guidelines of Lithuanian cultural policy, criteria of project funding on the national and municipal level as well as the missions and documents of the Lithuanian theatre institutions. However, the detailed analysis demonstrates that the declarative attention to the building of theatre audiences is only partly reflected in the "real politics" of theatre institutions or their practical activities. Empirical research indicates that in case of particular theatre institution theoretically justified synergy among marketing communication, education and programming in practice means sharing of the influence and responsibilities of different departments, which is often neither easily achieved nor effective. Moreover, costly time and work consuming and unpredictable projects for the attracting of the new audiences do not always seem beneficial or financially sustainable for theatre organizations. [.]
In the guidelines of the EU cultural policies, institutional frameworks and missions of cultural organizations, cultural communication, and art marketing theories the concept of "audience development" indicates not only the integrated approach towards the cultivation of the demand for the arts, but also the shift in the understanding of the notion of the recipients of art as well as the audience. On the conceptual level the prioritizing of audience development (public engagement with arts) in the agendas of cultural policy makers signals the acknowledgment of art audiences as the equal participant of the aesthetic communication and legitimation of the equation of the process of art perception to that of art creation. The focus on the demands of the audience and its development is embedded in the guidelines of Lithuanian cultural policy, criteria of project funding on the national and municipal level as well as the missions and documents of the Lithuanian theatre institutions. However, the detailed analysis demonstrates that the declarative attention to the building of theatre audiences is only partly reflected in the "real politics" of theatre institutions or their practical activities. Empirical research indicates that in case of particular theatre institution theoretically justified synergy among marketing communication, education and programming in practice means sharing of the influence and responsibilities of different departments, which is often neither easily achieved nor effective. Moreover, costly time and work consuming and unpredictable projects for the attracting of the new audiences do not always seem beneficial or financially sustainable for theatre organizations. [.]
