Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this article is to examine potential trends in the development of the political system of Ukraine after the end of the Russia-Ukraine war. Social changes always take place taking into account both subjective and objective circumstances. Currently the Ukrainian state relies on three pillars for further transformation of political institutions: 1) the Ukrainian value-mental tradition, 2) our own experience of democratic development in recent decades, 3) the political will to embrace European values. The latter means that Ukraine voluntarily undertook the obligation to meet the Copenhagen criteria, including to demonstrate the stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy, rule of law, human rights and protection of minorities. In the political circles of Ukraine, there is a "plan to restart the state", which boils down to structural changes in the system of public administration. Ukraine needs qualitative changes in the system of political relations, it is necessary to eliminate the contradiction between the form and content of political institutions. Archaic practices, nepotism, eastern methods of holding power by suppressing the opposition, corruption in the state apparatus and purely criminal practices are hidden behind the modern facade. War not only destroys, but also gives impulses for development through the mobilization of the nation's forces. We have a chance to restart political institutions and consolidate new structures born of war. We must pay attention to the institution of national resistance, which, through the movement of territorial defense and the volunteer movement, led to a situation of social filtering. As a result, strata of people crystallized, for whom the public good is higher than selfish interests. It is important not to lose the energy of the masses after the war and to use the patriotic movement to build political institutions.

For a long time, the creative heritage of many singers and composers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, which was created at Hetman residences, churches and monasteries remained insufficiently explored, and partly unknown. In recent decades a number of works by domestic musicologists have been published, which largely filled this gap. Works mainly concern secular music or some of the most well-known composers who wrote spiritual music. At the same time, the scope of the activities of the church musical centers remains unexplored to modern days, as are the names of many of their representatives from the monastic structure. In this article was made the attempt to find out the role of the Ukrainian church elite in formation of the musical centers of Hetmanate, as well as to reconstruct their personnel on the basis of the analysis of newly discovered archival documents and various publications. It was noted that the specifics of the formation of these musical centers was that they focused on contemporary spiritual educational institutions that were preparing the frames of composers and performers. The leading of them was the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, which for a long period of time was the main "staff of personnel" of the time composers of spiritual music and performers of choral church singing. The organizers of the musical life at the Academy were first of all its rectors, who opened the music classes, organized student choirs and wrote musical works for them. A separate subject, which was studied at the Academy, was Kant's singing, the formation of which was facilitated by the new Paretza system of choral performance. Musical centers in Chernihiv, Kharkiv and Pereyaslav focused on collegiums initiated by local bishops and completely dependent on their personal interest. It is concluded that the majority of diocesan bishops actively promoted the development of musical education in their eparchies, some of them became founders of choral groups and authors of musical works. The Chernihiv cell, initiated by Archbishop Lazar Baranovich more than half a century earlier from Kharkiv and Pereyaslavsky, benefited from the activity of his own printing press, which published various musical works, which ensured the progress of musical art in Chernihiv region and the entire Left Bank Ukraine.

The article is devoted to the issue of studying the possibility of developing political decentralized networks based on or following the example of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO), which are becoming increasingly common in the digital space. Their potential impact on the social institutions of society, including the system of state power, is analyzed. The article traces how the technological embodiment of antimonopoly and anti-state ideologies that have been actively developed in cyberspace can lead to a change in the very foundations of social institutions due to the absence of the need for a "third party" to guarantee the implementation of contracts and building responsible social relations.

The development of cyberspace is viewed through the prism of clashes of state interests seeking to establish control over the system of digital interactions, and multiple interest groups developing technological capabilities for autonomizing action by building protection based on cryptography. If not loosening, then breaking holes in the financial systems of states is an indicator of the success of decentralized finance projects, which means it stimulates the further development of DAOs and their possible transformation into decentralized political networks. The article also analyses the components of the new discipline Cryptonomics or Cryptoeconomics, showing serious scientific and methodological foundations for the development of DAO, which indicates in favor of the possibility of considering them as experimental platforms for the development of more global projects.

The article considers the special nature of the management of decentralized autonomous organizations based on financial incentives. A forecast is made regarding the next stage of confrontation between state structures and decentralized platforms. Conclusions are also drawn about the importance of the DAO for the development of the information society and the role of the intellectual elite in this confrontation.

The article is devoted to studying the economic aspects of providing training for cheerleading teams in higher education institutions (HEIs). The study aims to analyse economic approaches to ensuring the training of cheerleading teams to participate in competitions among teams of higher education institutions. The key factors that influence the provision of team training are identified. The study revealed such factors as the availability of funding, the quality of coaching staff and the availability of sports infrastructure. The problems that can affect the effectiveness of team training are highlighted, and their solution is a crucial task for the successful development of cheerleading in higher education institutions. The structure and composition of costs for training cheerleading teams in higher education institutions are analysed. The analysis results indicate that the expenses include salaries of coaches and staff, purchase of equipment, medical care and other costs. Various areas of attracting financial resources to support the training of cheerleading teams in higher education institutions, such as university funding, sponsorship agreements, grants and sports development funds, are studied. The prospects for developing cheerleading infrastructure in higher education institutions are investigated. Developing cheerleading infrastructure in higher education institutions is essential in improving the quality of students' sports training, stimulating an active lifestyle and shaping a sports culture among the student community. The research is critical for both scientific and practical fields, contributing to improving conditions for the development of cheerleading in higher education institutions. The study results will allow universities and other educational institutions to understand better the costs associated with these activities and develop funding strategies to optimise the use of resources. This will contribute to the further development of the cheerleading infrastructure and improve the training of sports teams in educational institutions.

The article examines the scientific achievements of legal scholars of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in the field of information law as well as describes their impact on the formation of fundamental institutions of this field of law during the period from 1991 to 2021. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical and methodological grounds for the development of the main institutes of information law in the works of legal scholars of the Institute of Law / Faculty of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The author also aims at studying the prerequisites for the formation of Kyiv University scientific school of information law and determining further promising areas of research within the relevant field of law. Methods. During the study a number of methods have been used, namely dialectical, system-structural, formal-logical as well as historical, comparative, sociological, etc. Results. The article substantiates that the process of updating the institutions of information law in independent Ukraine is inextricably linked with the process of improving information legislation, the development of digital transformations in the state and society and research on various aspects of legal regulation of information relations. The paper shows that a wide range of proposals formulated by legal scholars of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv regarding the improvement of information legislation of Ukraine have been enshrined in the provisions of certain laws and bylaws. The paper also proves that the legal and educational basis for the development of a modern school of information law at Kyiv University is the establishment of Information Law Specialization for Master's Degree in 2012. The conclusions set out the main provisions of the study; formulate further areas of research of the main institutes of information law, which may be of scientific interest to legal scholars and practitioners. Keywords: field of law; Information Law; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; scientific school; legal system; period from 1991 to 2021.

The issue of safety culture is one of the most important in a modern medical facility because any problems during the provision of services may lead to irreversible consequences. Not only the patient may suffer, but the doctor who assisted. Unfortunately, very little attention to this issue is paid in Ukraine. Based on this, we can say that the topic is relevant and requires studying. The purpose of writing this article is the analysis of the ways of forming professional safety culture in clinical medicine. The methods by which we carried out scientific research are observation, analysis, evaluation, comparison, generalization. The work examined interpretation of the term "safety culture", types of innovation in which it belongs and the main methods of its creation in the medical field. Safety culture in the medical field involves the right of all health care workers to use measures to prevent actions that can harm a patient or a colleague. Different approaches were considered in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" and we proposed our own: safety culture is a system of values, objectives, knowledge and skills, rules and procedures, convictions shared by representatives of a certain medical profession and supported by patients, creating a favourable working climate, atmosphere of trust and becoming an efficient tool for achieving the goals of the organization. The main components of the safety culture were defined: responsibilities of managers, communication, performance, resources of safety, trust, the degree of job satisfaction, etc. Based on several studies, it was found that no country has a perfect medical system. Every system should be improved. We proposed measures to fix the situation with the safety culture in health care facilities. The correct management of safety can eliminate or fix many medical errors. That is why the need for a clear program of implementation, execution and control of SC in the medical establishment is necessary. Scientific novelty of this work lies in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" at medical institutions and in determining major steps towards its creation. Practical value of the work is the opportunity to implement these steps in medical institutions for improvement of the safety culture and, therefore, to reduce the risk of bad accidents during treatment. Further research can address safety culture management in medical institutions on the examples from the experience of countries with effective systems of health care.

Since the great historical event - the proclamation of the Act of Independence of Ukraine, the country has been expanding international cooperation in librarianship. The main areas of international cooperation, which is a priority in research institutions in the library business, are: conducting joint research; organization of international conferences, symposia, congresses and other events. Scientific conferences are one of the forms of dissemination of new information. In the modern information space, scientific institutions play an essential role in developing science, education and culture. Therefore, when evaluating a scientific institution, the number of international scientific and practical seminars, conferences, other events organized by the scientific institution, and materials (including collections of abstracts) of conferences are considered.Among the research institutions of Ukraine, which study the problems of library science, bibliography, bibliology, source studies, document science, archival science, biography, codicology and discography, history of book culture, computer science, social communications, the leading position is held by the most extensive library of Ukraine - the National Library of Ukraine, named after V. I. Vernadsky. Furthermore, the article analyzes the specifics of the organization of scientific conferences in a scientific institution, studies the directions and thematic content of such events, forms of conduct, their frequency during 1991-2021.

The article deals with the development of Ukrainian studies in museums of Naddnipprianska Ukraine during the imperial period. At the time, a rather wide museum network worked here. Museums were created and operated at various organizations - universities and other educational institutions; scientific institutions; self-government bodies, etc. The lack of the central imperial power's museum policy was typical. This led to the fact, that museum institutions were often operated under conditions of insufficient funding and enough government support. Russia's imperial policy towards the Ukrainian national movement in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was aimed at its restriction and prohibition. Any manifestation of official Ukrainophile activity should be controlled and restricted. At the same time, intelligentsia, the Ukrainian national movement activists, took an active part in the creation and follow-up of museum institutions. On the other hand, the Ukrainian national movement activists found an opportunity to actively use their work in cultural and educational institutions, including museums, as well as to cooperate with them for the purpose of research in the field of Ukrainian studies. In addition, collections of museum facilities could be used in research in the relevant field. Accumulation of Ukrainian studies was an important factor in national processes, the implementation of the "Ukrainian project". The article highlights Ukrainian studies conducted in some museums in Kyiv, Kharkiv and Chernihiv. These museums contained collections, dedicated to Ukrainian ethnography, archeology and history. These museums, thanks to the position of their employees, collected and systematized collections on the history and culture of Ukraine, published scientific products on the basis of their collections.

The article deals with the problem of "professional exit", which is referred to as "professional benefits" in the activities of specialists professionals. The peculiarities of professional activity of teachers and psychologists of educational institutions, which complicate the work of the specified category of specialists, are considered. Particular attention is paid to the syndrome of "professional burnout" among pedagogical workers of educational institutions for children with physical and psychiatric disabilities due to the fact that their professional activities are deeply. Specific and emotionally tense.

The article deals with the current trends of reforming the institution of working time and to investigate the impact of distance work on the struc-
ture of permanent life of this legal institution. The methodological basis of the study include formal-logical method used in the analysis of legisla-
tive provisions on distance work as separate forms of work organization; system-structural method and the method of synthesis used in the study

of foreign experience in the implementation of distance work and its impact on reforming the institution of working time, as well as formal-dogmatic
and modeling method used in establishing the status of distance workers in Ukraine.
The article explores the concept of "distance work", establishes its main features and characteristics. The author pays considerable attention

to the issue of distribution of working time of the employee when establishing distance work, the "autonomous" nature of the organization of work-
ing time by the employee. In addition, the issue of extending the rules of internal labour regulations for distance workers has been studied. The

author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to further analyze the trends of reforming the institution of working time in view of the spread of
distance work, especially in lockdown conditions caused by the spread of coronavirus COVID-19.
This paper analyzes a significant number of sociological studies on the use of distance work, including the distribution and duration of working
time in distance work. The author emphasizes the need for statistical observations on the distance form of work organization at the state level, as
currently there are no relevant mechanisms in Ukraine, which complicates the study of this phenomenon. In addition, the author gives examples of
current trends in reforming the institution of working time, taking into account foreign experience.

The biographical guide discloses scientific, educational, cultural, state potential, highlights the importance of intellectual activity of natives of Chernihiv-Siversky territory at Kiev University – scholars, teachers and staff during 185 years of its activity as an educational institution. Emphasis is placed on priority areas of formation the legitimate scientific and educational status of the famous educational institution, assertion of universally recognized authority and innovative mission. The importance of conscientious, selfless activity of representatives of many generations of Chernihiv region – Heroes of Ukraine, laureates of the State, Shevchenko and other nominal awards is emphasized.

I akademia skrives det ofte at stater deltar i institusjoner så lenge dette sammenfaller med deres interesser på ethvert tidspunkt. Implikasjonen av dette er at stater som Kina kanskje vil avvise internasjonale institusjoner så fort de føler at institusjonene ikke er nyttige. Jeg vil hevde at Kina lar sine interesser formes av institusjonene ut over hva ytre rammevilkår vil tilsi. For å belyse dette argumentet tar artikkelen for seg en casestudie med utviklingen av Shanghai-samarbeidsorganisasjonen (SCO) og Kinas holdninger i denne prosessen. Spesifikt vil artikkelen trekke linjer fra forhandlingene mellom Kina og Sovjetunionen over grensespørsmål på 1980-tallet frem til grunnleggingen av SCO på 2000-tallet. Ved å sammenligne en rasjonell tilnærming med en historisk vil artikkelen hevde at den historiske er mer relevant for å forstå Kinas holdninger. Artikkelen argumenterer at en historisk tilnærming har potensial som et nyttig verktøy, og at den bør undersøkes mer innen IR-faget.
Abstract in EnglishEfficient tools or historical frameworks? China's attitude to international institutionsIn academia, it is common to assume that states participate in institutions insofar as this serves their interests at any given time. The implication is that states like China may reject international institutions as soon as they no longer consider them useful. The author argues that China lets its interests be shaped by the institutions beyond what structural factors imply. To shed light on this argument, this article conducts a case study of the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and China's attitudes to this process. Specifically, the article will draw connections from negotiations between the China and the Soviet Union over border disputes in the 1980s to the foundation of the SCO in the 2000s. By comparing a rational approach with a historical one, the article argues that the historical approach is more relevant to understand China's attitudes. It further argues that a historical approach has potential as a useful tool and should be examined further in IR.

The article offers an analysis of the main trends in the development of historical education as an important component of the educational process in the higher school of Ukraine at the beginning of the 21st century. The problematic issues of transformation in the sphere of teaching of historical disciplines at the present stage are determined. Separately, the specific characteristics of teaching «History of Ukraine» in technical universities are examined. The authors consider the modernization of learning process in the institutions of higher education of Ukraine as a dialectic issue containing certain risks for humanities' component of bachelors' and masters' preparation. Important stages of this process were the events of 2009, 2014 and 2015. They demonstrated the fundamental divergence of views on the ways of higher schools' reforming in Ukraine of the most part of humanities' academic community on the one hand, and state bureaucracy on the other. The public debate on the role of historical disciplines in the preparation of modern graduates of higher schools of Ukraine revealed a number of pedagogical, didactical and methodological
problems. Foremost among these was recognized the challenge of distinguishing between secondary and higher school courses of «History of Ukraine». The subject of intense discussion is the mechanism for the enforcement of the problem and dialogical methods to the teaching process of the institutions of higher education. In the end, the conclusion was made according the aspiration of the senior management of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine to cut back as short as possible schedule of hours for humanities in the institutions of higher education (especially in the technical and military universities) can have serious social and political consequences. Ignoring the importance of the discipline «History of Ukraine» in developing of the technical students' and cadets' world view in the conditions of the «hybrid war» could become an essential precondition for defeat the informational war by Ukraine. Authors are emphasizing on attention that among the political elite of Ukraine dominate technocratic understanding of term «information security». As a result, historical disciplines are turning into outsiders of educational process thus making it more difficult to consolidate Ukrainian society in the period of the serious military-political crisis.

The first defence of dissertation studies for obtaining the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Ukraine took place in 2019. As of November 1, 2022, 51 institutions are conducting PhD training in Ukraine's speciality 222 "Medicine". The total licensed amount of PhD training in the speciality 222 "Medicine" is 4,784 places. Still, the number of applicants who obtain the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is three times lower - 33% of the licensed amount (1,575 applicants). As of November 1, 2022, 120 applicants (8%) studied under non-accredited educational and scientific programs in the speciality 222 "Medicine".