Institutions-organizations and institutions-rules (norms), levels of institutionalization and its influence on political development of political system, constitutions and constitutional interpretation, structural-functional characteristic of the main political institutions (parties, party and electoral systems, legislatures and executive power, public administration, interest groups, local governance, judicial and political communication institutions), variuos types, models of these institutions and activity, interaction between political institutions and their influence on real politics, institutional engineering, institutionalization of the political institutions, democratization and democratic consolidation processes – all these questions were discussed in this methodical book.
Institutions-organizations and institutions-rules (norms), levels of institutionalization and its influence on political development of political system, constitutions and constitutional interpretation, structural-functional characteristic of the main political institutions (parties, party and electoral systems, legislatures and executive power, public administration, interest groups, local governance, judicial and political communication institutions), variuos types, models of these institutions and activity, interaction between political institutions and their influence on real politics, institutional engineering, institutionalization of the political institutions, democratization and democratic consolidation processes – all these questions were discussed in this methodical book.
Institutions-organizations and institutions-rules (norms), levels of institutionalization and its influence on political development of political system, constitutions and constitutional interpretation, structural-functional characteristic of the main political institutions (parties, party and electoral systems, legislatures and executive power, public administration, interest groups, local governance, judicial and political communication institutions), variuos types, models of these institutions and activity, interaction between political institutions and their influence on real politics, institutional engineering, institutionalization of the political institutions, democratization and democratic consolidation processes – all these questions were discussed in this methodical book.
Valdas Kvedaras. The role of state and self-government institutions in alcohol prevention in educational institutions. Final work of Master's studies of Management and Public administration / scientific adviser senior lecturer dr. Aistė Lazauskienė, Siauliai University, Department of Management – Siauliai, 2008, - 71 p. In the Master's final work the actualities of alcohol prevention in Lithuania are formulated. Law acts of the Lithuanian Republic associated with alcohol prevention in educational institutions are analyzed. The work gives teachers', social workers' and head teachers' working in Radviliskis district opinions on alcohol prevention in educational institutions, the role of state and self- government institutions in alcohol prevention in educational institutions.
Valdas Kvedaras. The role of state and self-government institutions in alcohol prevention in educational institutions. Final work of Master's studies of Management and Public administration / scientific adviser senior lecturer dr. Aistė Lazauskienė, Siauliai University, Department of Management – Siauliai, 2008, - 71 p. In the Master's final work the actualities of alcohol prevention in Lithuania are formulated. Law acts of the Lithuanian Republic associated with alcohol prevention in educational institutions are analyzed. The work gives teachers', social workers' and head teachers' working in Radviliskis district opinions on alcohol prevention in educational institutions, the role of state and self- government institutions in alcohol prevention in educational institutions.
Trust in Lithuanian police, courts and prosecutors oqce has reached the record values in 2015. Trust and conCdence in these institutions is growing, though it is diqcult to identify what exactly is stimulating that growth. Public relations or media in_uence, or good organization of the institutional work as well as other reason can be an explanation for the better public attitudes. Answers to the question "Do you trust the police, courts, prosecutors oqce?" do not explain what was done properly when trust values raise, and what problematic areas of institution work need attention when evaluations are getting worse. `ere is a signiCcant doubt expressed in academic literature if this and only indicator, so oƒen used for the evaluation of institution work, adequately describes how good or eQectively prosecutors oqce works, police safeguards public security, and courts ensure protection of citizen rights, defence of interests and other demands of democratic society. `e article analyses trust and conCdence in institutions of criminal justice system in Lithuania. Analysis uses ideas and data of two international research projects - EURO-JUSTIS and FIDUCIA. We examine trust and conCdence as complex phenomenon, which include several important aspects: 1) eQectiveness of criminal justice institutions; 2) distributive justice; 3) procedural justice; 4) shared perceptions of right and wrong and shared moral values with institutions; 5) legitimacy of institutions; 6) co-operation between society and criminal justice institutions. Evaluation of the survey data shows that diQerent elements of this phenomenon obtain diQerent ratings, and diQer from the evaluation of trust and conCdence in the broad sense. Understanding of these diQerences gives us a possibility to assess and improve work of criminal justice institutions more purposefully
Trust in Lithuanian police, courts and prosecutors oqce has reached the record values in 2015. Trust and conCdence in these institutions is growing, though it is diqcult to identify what exactly is stimulating that growth. Public relations or media in_uence, or good organization of the institutional work as well as other reason can be an explanation for the better public attitudes. Answers to the question "Do you trust the police, courts, prosecutors oqce?" do not explain what was done properly when trust values raise, and what problematic areas of institution work need attention when evaluations are getting worse. `ere is a signiCcant doubt expressed in academic literature if this and only indicator, so oƒen used for the evaluation of institution work, adequately describes how good or eQectively prosecutors oqce works, police safeguards public security, and courts ensure protection of citizen rights, defence of interests and other demands of democratic society. `e article analyses trust and conCdence in institutions of criminal justice system in Lithuania. Analysis uses ideas and data of two international research projects - EURO-JUSTIS and FIDUCIA. We examine trust and conCdence as complex phenomenon, which include several important aspects: 1) eQectiveness of criminal justice institutions; 2) distributive justice; 3) procedural justice; 4) shared perceptions of right and wrong and shared moral values with institutions; 5) legitimacy of institutions; 6) co-operation between society and criminal justice institutions. Evaluation of the survey data shows that diQerent elements of this phenomenon obtain diQerent ratings, and diQer from the evaluation of trust and conCdence in the broad sense. Understanding of these diQerences gives us a possibility to assess and improve work of criminal justice institutions more purposefully
Research on the phenomenon of leadership in recent years has revealed that attitudes in society towards who can be a leader in education are changing. This is actualized both by the research conducted by researchers and by the Lithuanian strategic educational documents, which emphasize that anyone who ignites their ideas, is committed to change and leads others can be a leader in the organization. As a result, leadership is no longer confined to school managers. The expression of leadership becomes no less important for every participant in the educational process: teachers, parents, children and other members of the school community. Today, the school that prepares its students for the future and the entire education system can no longer function according to traditional organizational governance models that recognize one-person management and leadership. Transforming the education system to meet the demands of an ever-changing society on its future members requires not only political will but also education leaders committed to change. Promoting the leadership of pre-school teachers should be one of the strategic goals of the institution and the pursuit of educational goals and change at both the institutional and national levels. The opportunity for teachers to become involved and participate in the management and change processes of the educational institution, to develop the traits and qualities of a leader allows them to grow both as educational professionals and as personalities.
TEZ9907 ; Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2015. ; Kaynakça (s. 244-265) var. ; xviii, 266 s. ; 29 cm. ; Sosyal bilimlerin birçok alanında kullanılan, disiplinler arası bir kavram olan kurumlar, iktisat yazınında önemli bir yer tutmaya başlamıştır. North'un kavramsallaştırması ile oyunun kuralları olarak tanımlanan kurumlar, bireylerin davranışkalıplarını belirleyen kısıtları koymaktadır. Bu kısıtlar resmi veya gayri resmi nitelikte olabilir. İnsan davranışları üzerindeki etkisi her geçen gün daha fazla kabul gören kurumlar, iktisadi ve siyasi olarak sistemin işleyişini, sistemin kazan ve kaybedenlerini de belirleme gücüne sahiptir. Bu işleyiş birçok araştırmacı tarafından farklı yönleri ile alınarak kavramsallaştırılmıştır. Kurumların gelişmişlik düzeyi üzerindeki etkisini ele alan birçok kuram geliştirilmiştir. Kurumlar literatürüne bu anlamda katkı sunan önemli isimlerden biri de Daron Acemoğlu'dur. Kurumların kapsayıcı veya dışlayıcı niteliğe sahip olmasını toplumsal atışma teorisi temelinde ele alan Acemoğlu'na göre kapsayıcı kurumlara sahip ülkeler gelişme gösterebilmektedir. Çünkü bu ülkeler farklı sosyal gruplar arasında uzlaştırıcı bir iktisadi ve siyasi sistem kurgulayarak siyasi gücün tek bir kişi veya grup elinde toplanmasını engellemektedir. Böylelikle yatırım ve yenilik yapma isteği, kendi kazancına ve mülkiyetine sahip çıkabileceğini bilen bireylerin oluşturduğu toplumlarda gelişmiş olmaktadır. Gelişme probleminin önündeki en önemli sorun, elindeki siyasi gücü kaybetme kaygısı taşıyan seçkinlerin toplumun elindeki kaynakları sadece kendileri için kullanmasıdır. Siyasi kaybedenler hipotezi olarak ifade edilen bu yaklaşım, siyasi gücün ve siyasi kurumların önemine de vurgu yapar. Bu çalışmada siyasi kaybedenler hipotezi Türkiye özelinde de ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Cumhuriyetin kuruluşundan bugüne kadar farklı sosyal gruplar arasındaki çatışmaları uzlaştırıcı kapsayıcı kurumların oluşturulamaması, yönetişim başarısızlıklarının temel sonucu olarak görülmektedir. Ayrıca yapılan panel ; Institution as an interdisciplinary concept which is used in a vast range of social sciences has a great importance in economics literature nowadays. Related to the North, we can define it as the rule of games, which means that institutions put constrains on individuals' behaviors. These constraints can be in formal forms as well as informal ones. That the human behaviors are designed by institutions is becoming a wellaccepted idea day by day, therefore it is the same to accept thefunctions of institutions in economics and social process; its power on determining the losers and winners of society. This process with its different sides has been investigated by scientists. Several theories are constructed for understanding therelations between institutions and development level. Daron Acemoğlu is one of the economists who have important contributions to the institutional theory. He uses inclusive and exclusive institutions concept with social conflict theories for explaining the reason for that some countries have better development level in compare to others. Since these countries succeed in establishing political and economic institutions which have ability solve social conflicts in order to prevent elites' selfinterested behaviors for using societies' resources. Therefore incentives for investment and innovation can grow societies which have well protected property rights and gains. The most important problem for development is the fear of elites who do not want to lose their political power. This theory is called political losers hypothesis and it underlines the importance of political institutions accompanied with political power. In this study, political losers hypothesis was investigated as a case study for Turkey's history. The main result is that Turkey's exclusive institutions have inability to solve social conflicts which cause the governance problems. Additionally, the panel data analysis results support the informal institutions' effects on development and shows how it affects the changes related to development level. ; Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: İİBF2012D4.
SUMMERY Personnel Education in State Institution A basic problem being the study object of the thesis entitled Personnel Education in State Institution is our ever changing (improving) life and the unprepared community (the employees of the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA). In other words, here one gets insight into and examines why it is precisely the persons who are employed at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA have not been comprehensively prepared for the changes that require a continuous training (improvement), meanwhile, it is precisely nowadays that a reconstruction (improvement of technologies and installation of new equipment) of the divisions at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA is taking place. An anonymous quiz has been carried out during the study with the help of a questionnaire. After having analysed the obtained data, factors that might facilitate or perhaps even solve the raised problem are presented. Also, during the study one has obtained sufficiently positive results. One of the most important obtained results is that most questioned company's employees have a positive attitude to the need of training during one's whole life and also believe that it is indispensable to change (train and improve) themselves. During the quiz a respondents' opinion that an initiative for training (improving) must arise from employees themselves has become clear. In parallel, the reasons why some respondents are willing to improve their qualifications, but do not do so, have been analysed. Only one third of the questioned employees are sure that the training at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA has been well organised.
SUMMERY Personnel Education in State Institution A basic problem being the study object of the thesis entitled Personnel Education in State Institution is our ever changing (improving) life and the unprepared community (the employees of the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA). In other words, here one gets insight into and examines why it is precisely the persons who are employed at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA have not been comprehensively prepared for the changes that require a continuous training (improvement), meanwhile, it is precisely nowadays that a reconstruction (improvement of technologies and installation of new equipment) of the divisions at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA is taking place. An anonymous quiz has been carried out during the study with the help of a questionnaire. After having analysed the obtained data, factors that might facilitate or perhaps even solve the raised problem are presented. Also, during the study one has obtained sufficiently positive results. One of the most important obtained results is that most questioned company's employees have a positive attitude to the need of training during one's whole life and also believe that it is indispensable to change (train and improve) themselves. During the quiz a respondents' opinion that an initiative for training (improving) must arise from employees themselves has become clear. In parallel, the reasons why some respondents are willing to improve their qualifications, but do not do so, have been analysed. Only one third of the questioned employees are sure that the training at the State Company VISAGINO ENERGIJA has been well organised.
Recently, the necessity to apply education management elements in the activities of pre-school educational institutions is becoming more prominent. As stated in the Law on Education of the Republic of Lithuania, it is crucial to master the knowledge, skills and abilities of education management. Managing an educational institution is not limited to setting out the goals and objectives, planning and organizing work, but also includes purposeful targeting of technical, social, pedagogical, psychological and biological processes seeking optimal results, while taking into account the peculiarities of these processes. To explore the importance of education management in pre-school educational institutions it has been decided to analyze how the heads of pre-school educational institutions organize work in the institutions they lead, which managerial features are present there, what leadership styles are used during administrative work and how the chosen leadership style impacts the cooperation between the head of the pre-school educational institution and the community. The objective of the study is to examine the theoretical aspects of education management in pre-school educational institutions, to show the current leadership and behavior situation of the heads of particular institutions and to provide guidelines for improving performance. The object of the study – pre-school educational institutions. Hypothesis: an inappropriate leadership style has a negative impact on the cooperation between the heads of pre-school educational institutions and community members. The theoretical study of the problem has revealed that a pre-school educational institution is a group of people in which all its members are closely linked to one another. These links must be improved and the activity process must be managed. Therefore, the organization needs a head. Leadership is one of the key factors affecting the quality of education, and a leadership style has an impact on cooperation, which is part of democratic life and means tolerance, mutual aid, ability to work, teamwork and options of opinion compatibility. The empirical part states that heads of the nurseries - kindergartens "Pipiras", "Drugelis" and "Vaidilutė" are different in terms of personality, leadership principles and leadership style. An in-depth method of interviews provides more opportunities to analyze the managerial situation and existing problems at pre-school educational institutions and to identify the managerial characteristics. The in-depth study revealed that heads of pre-school educational institutions have more responsibilities than heads of schools; the co-operation between the head and parents "begins from the cradle"; children are accepted by the municipality, not by the institution itself etc.
Recently, the necessity to apply education management elements in the activities of pre-school educational institutions is becoming more prominent. As stated in the Law on Education of the Republic of Lithuania, it is crucial to master the knowledge, skills and abilities of education management. Managing an educational institution is not limited to setting out the goals and objectives, planning and organizing work, but also includes purposeful targeting of technical, social, pedagogical, psychological and biological processes seeking optimal results, while taking into account the peculiarities of these processes. To explore the importance of education management in pre-school educational institutions it has been decided to analyze how the heads of pre-school educational institutions organize work in the institutions they lead, which managerial features are present there, what leadership styles are used during administrative work and how the chosen leadership style impacts the cooperation between the head of the pre-school educational institution and the community. The objective of the study is to examine the theoretical aspects of education management in pre-school educational institutions, to show the current leadership and behavior situation of the heads of particular institutions and to provide guidelines for improving performance. The object of the study – pre-school educational institutions. Hypothesis: an inappropriate leadership style has a negative impact on the cooperation between the heads of pre-school educational institutions and community members. The theoretical study of the problem has revealed that a pre-school educational institution is a group of people in which all its members are closely linked to one another. These links must be improved and the activity process must be managed. Therefore, the organization needs a head. Leadership is one of the key factors affecting the quality of education, and a leadership style has an impact on cooperation, which is part of democratic life and means tolerance, mutual aid, ability to work, teamwork and options of opinion compatibility. The empirical part states that heads of the nurseries - kindergartens "Pipiras", "Drugelis" and "Vaidilutė" are different in terms of personality, leadership principles and leadership style. An in-depth method of interviews provides more opportunities to analyze the managerial situation and existing problems at pre-school educational institutions and to identify the managerial characteristics. The in-depth study revealed that heads of pre-school educational institutions have more responsibilities than heads of schools; the co-operation between the head and parents "begins from the cradle"; children are accepted by the municipality, not by the institution itself etc.
Forestry higher education has been offered since 1857. This study investigates the alterations made in the tertiary forestry institution names in Turkey under three periods: (1) between the years 1857 and 1934, (2) between the years 1945 and 1948, and (3) between the years 2006 and 2018. The Faculty of Forestry was under the Ministry of Mining during the first period, which later became a unit under the Ministry of Agriculture. In 1934, during the Republican period, it became a subdivision of Ankara Yuksek Ziraat Enstitusu (Ankara Institute of Advanced Agriculture, YZE). All those changes in this period improved the reputation of the institution and the occupation. In the second period, tertiary-level forestry education was separated from YZE and incorporated into Istanbul University. The faculty members and the councils of the Faculty of Forestry were directly involved in the decision-making processes required by this change. However, the third period is marked by regulations that were made without involving any forestry education institutions and professionals. Due to the lack of a clear higher education policy, the names of institutions have not been preserved and the formation of an academic tradition in the forestry institutions has been delayed.
"Ermeni meselesi" olarak bilinen ve Ermenistan ile sınırın açılması gibi başka konuların yanında soykırım iddialarını da içeren sorun, özellikle AB üyeliği sürecinde, Türkiye'nin önüne giderek daha fazla çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, AB kurumlarında Ermeni meselesi ile ilgili alınan kararlara ve hazırlanan raporlara değinilerek AB'nin ve önde gelen AB üyesi ülkelerin "Ermeni sorunu"na yaklaşım biçimini ortaya koymaktır. Özellikle, soykırım iddialarını en fazla gündeme taşıyan Avrupa Parlamentosu üzerinde durulmuştur. Avrupa Parlamentosu'nun önemi, sandalye dağılımı nasıl olursa olsun, kamuoyunu yansıtıyor veya belki de aksine kamuoyunu oluşturuyor olmasıdır. Aday ülkelerin üyelik sürecini oylamaya sunan Parlamento'nun, Türkiye'nin soykırım iddialarını tanımasını üyelik için ön şart olarak Komisyon'a kabul ettirme çabasının ağır bastığı düşünüldüğünde dikkate alınmasını gerektirmektedir. Parlamento'da yapılan tartışmalara ve kullanılan ifadelere dikkat çekmek suretiyle, Avrupalı siyasetçilerin yaklaşımı ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Parlamento kayıt ve tutanaklarında yer alan konuşmalar, tartışmalar, soru önergeleri ve bunlara verilen cevaplar arasından, birbirini tekrar edenler bırakılarak örnekler seçilmiş, belgelerin İngilizce aslına mümkün olduğunca sadık kalınmaya dikkat edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Avrupa ülkelerinin bir dönem Ermeni terörüne yaklaşımı ile birlikte, en çok hangi ülke ve siyasi grupların Ermeni tezlerinin yanında yer aldığı ve bunun nedenlerine de kısaca yer verilmiştir. ; The issue known as the "Armenian question" and which entails the genocide allegations, apart from issues like opening the border with Armenia, has confronted Turkey more, especially during the EU membership process. The purpose of this article is to display the approaches of the EU and the prominent member EU countries towards the "Armenian question" by addressing the decisions taken concerning the Armenian question and the reports prepared in EU institutions. The European Parliament, which has carried the genocide ...
