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The intrusion of management as major referenceof the functioning of our societies, raises thequestion on the de-institutionalization of theinstitution and, as reflection, that of theinstitutionalization of the organization, in a dualevolutionary perspective and directed asunavoidable. The modalities of businessmanagement are placed in effect between theinstitutionalization (caused by the generalization of their practices in the "corporate purposes")and the institutional frame that surrounds them,and understood in their extension in terms ofgovernance. This ambiguity is tied to the vaguedefinition of the institution and the organizationand to their reciprocally problematic location. Thegeneral hypothesis of this text will be theorthogonality (and not the opposition) between"institution" and "organization". It will bereasoned generally from the point of differencesand not from the opposition of both terms basedon three arguments: a political argument, atheoretical argument and an epistemologicalargument. ; La intrusión de la Administración como referencia principal del funcionamiento de nuestras sociedades, plantea el interrogante sobre la desinstitucionalización de la institución y, como reflejo, aquella de la institucionalización de la organización, en una perspectiva evolucionista dual y direccionada como ineludible. Las modalidades de gestión empresarial se sitúan en efecto entre la institucionalización (causada por la generalización de sus prácticas en los «objetos sociales») y el marco institucional que las rodea, incluso en su extensión en términos de gobernanza. Esta ambigüedad está ligada a la vaga definición de la institución y de la organización y a su localización recíprocamente problemática. La hipótesis general de este texto será la ortogonalidad (y no la oposición) entre «institución» y «organización». Se razonará generalmente a partir de las diferencias y no por la oposición de los dos términos á partir de tres argumentos: un argumento político, un argumento teórico y un argumento epistemológico

This paper investigates the causal impact of non-state armed groups on local institutions during the armed conflict in Colombia, and tests competing theoretical mechanisms that may shape such effect. Our identification strategy is based on the construction of contiguous-pairs of rural communities that share common socio-economic characteristics but differ in armed group presence. The results show that the presence of armed groups is associated with increases in overall participation in local organizations, with a particularly strong effect on political organizations. This strengthening of local institutions during wartime appears to be driven by coercion exercised by armed groups that capture local organizations for strategic war purposes, rather than a reflection of a vibrant civil society

Participation becomes a fundamental process to build a project of asociety in dignity and peace. Hence the importance of analyzing the process of instituted and instituted political participation, in light of its dynamics and implications in terms of political culture. The above in order to highlight the need to strengthen institutional participation, and generate popular power with the possibility of having an impact on the public agenda, and the generation of structural changes in societies. ; La participación deviene como un proceso fundamental para construir un proyecto de sociedad digna y en paz. De allí la importancia de analizar el proceso de participación política instituida e instituyente, a la luz de sus dinámicas e implicaciones en términos de cultura política. Lo anterior, de cara a resaltar la necesidad de fortalecer la participación instituyente y de generar poder popular, con la posibilidad de incidencia en la agenda pública y en la generación de cambios estructurales en las sociedades.

The paper deals with social and political changes of contemporary governance, highlighting how they involve practice and theory of law. The pluralization of agencies involved in global dynamics breeds a trend to fragmentation of political order granted by modern State, revealing how modern legal categories are too narrow to contain today normative practices. The idea of institution, thus, could be a quite elastic definition for the plurality of practices, historically labeled as law. ; El artículo profundiza en los cambios políticos y sociales de la gobernanza contemporánea y pone de manifiesto la manera en que estos envuelven la práctica y la teoría del derecho. La pluralización de los agency comprometidos en las dinámicas globales provoca una tendencia a la fragmentación del orden político representado por el Estado moderno, y revela que las categorías del derecho moderno son demasiado estrechas para contener todas las prácticas normativas actuales. De ahí que la idea de institución pudiera ser una definición bastante elástica para enmarcar la pluralidad de prácticas históricamente consideradas como derecho.

This document presents an enhanced and condensed version of preceding proposals for identifying systemically important financial institutions in Colombia. Three systemic importance metrics are implemented: (i) money market net exposures network hub centra

TEZ9907 ; Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2015. ; Kaynakça (s. 244-265) var. ; xviii, 266 s. ; 29 cm. ; Sosyal bilimlerin birçok alanında kullanılan, disiplinler arası bir kavram olan kurumlar, iktisat yazınında önemli bir yer tutmaya başlamıştır. North'un kavramsallaştırması ile oyunun kuralları olarak tanımlanan kurumlar, bireylerin davranışkalıplarını belirleyen kısıtları koymaktadır. Bu kısıtlar resmi veya gayri resmi nitelikte olabilir. İnsan davranışları üzerindeki etkisi her geçen gün daha fazla kabul gören kurumlar, iktisadi ve siyasi olarak sistemin işleyişini, sistemin kazan ve kaybedenlerini de belirleme gücüne sahiptir. Bu işleyiş birçok araştırmacı tarafından farklı yönleri ile alınarak kavramsallaştırılmıştır. Kurumların gelişmişlik düzeyi üzerindeki etkisini ele alan birçok kuram geliştirilmiştir. Kurumlar literatürüne bu anlamda katkı sunan önemli isimlerden biri de Daron Acemoğlu'dur. Kurumların kapsayıcı veya dışlayıcı niteliğe sahip olmasını toplumsal atışma teorisi temelinde ele alan Acemoğlu'na göre kapsayıcı kurumlara sahip ülkeler gelişme gösterebilmektedir. Çünkü bu ülkeler farklı sosyal gruplar arasında uzlaştırıcı bir iktisadi ve siyasi sistem kurgulayarak siyasi gücün tek bir kişi veya grup elinde toplanmasını engellemektedir. Böylelikle yatırım ve yenilik yapma isteği, kendi kazancına ve mülkiyetine sahip çıkabileceğini bilen bireylerin oluşturduğu toplumlarda gelişmiş olmaktadır. Gelişme probleminin önündeki en önemli sorun, elindeki siyasi gücü kaybetme kaygısı taşıyan seçkinlerin toplumun elindeki kaynakları sadece kendileri için kullanmasıdır. Siyasi kaybedenler hipotezi olarak ifade edilen bu yaklaşım, siyasi gücün ve siyasi kurumların önemine de vurgu yapar. Bu çalışmada siyasi kaybedenler hipotezi Türkiye özelinde de ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Cumhuriyetin kuruluşundan bugüne kadar farklı sosyal gruplar arasındaki çatışmaları uzlaştırıcı kapsayıcı kurumların oluşturulamaması, yönetişim başarısızlıklarının temel sonucu olarak görülmektedir. Ayrıca yapılan panel ; Institution as an interdisciplinary concept which is used in a vast range of social sciences has a great importance in economics literature nowadays. Related to the North, we can define it as the rule of games, which means that institutions put constrains on individuals' behaviors. These constraints can be in formal forms as well as informal ones. That the human behaviors are designed by institutions is becoming a wellaccepted idea day by day, therefore it is the same to accept thefunctions of institutions in economics and social process; its power on determining the losers and winners of society. This process with its different sides has been investigated by scientists. Several theories are constructed for understanding therelations between institutions and development level. Daron Acemoğlu is one of the economists who have important contributions to the institutional theory. He uses inclusive and exclusive institutions concept with social conflict theories for explaining the reason for that some countries have better development level in compare to others. Since these countries succeed in establishing political and economic institutions which have ability solve social conflicts in order to prevent elites' selfinterested behaviors for using societies' resources. Therefore incentives for investment and innovation can grow societies which have well protected property rights and gains. The most important problem for development is the fear of elites who do not want to lose their political power. This theory is called political losers hypothesis and it underlines the importance of political institutions accompanied with political power. In this study, political losers hypothesis was investigated as a case study for Turkey's history. The main result is that Turkey's exclusive institutions have inability to solve social conflicts which cause the governance problems. Additionally, the panel data analysis results support the informal institutions' effects on development and shows how it affects the changes related to development level. ; Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: İİBF2012D4.

Rooted in historical foundations and demonstrated by continued government financial support, one purpose of higher education is to contribute to the "public good," or support and further social causes and human flourishing. This notion has received renewed attention in both the literature as well as in professional practice. Given the variety of institutional structures (e.g., public, private, religiously affiliated, nonprofit, and proprietary), the influence of institutional mission varies. Yet, aside from institutional leadership, an institution's mission is potentially most significant in influencing public good. Faith-based higher education institutions often have missions that are inextricably interconnected with service and community engagement. With these missions, faith-based colleges and universities are distinctively positioned to address social issues, engage in service to the local and global community, and to involve students, faculty, and administrators in this shared purpose. These institutions are uniquely accountable and have the greatest potential in this outcome precisely because of their faith commitment that both informs and motivates their policy and practice. In this essay, the role of faith-based institutions of higher education in promoting public good is explored. In addition, an analysis of both opportunities to enhance public good, as well as obstacles and challenges faced are provided. ; SIN FINANCIACIÓN ; No data 2016

Este artículo analiza la forma en la que las instituciones Bretton Woods interactúan con cuestiones de considerable importancia que han incidido directamente con la forma en que se percibe el mundo desde que se desarrolla en base a las así llamadas democracias, dichas cuestiones son: ideología, neoliberalismo y desarrollo sustentable. A través del análisis de éstos conceptos éste artículo busca exponer de forma clara el proceso por medio del cual las instituciones Bretton Woods tomaron el control de la economía global y como el término de desarrollo sustentable ha sido utilizado como la herramienta ideal para la expansión del proyecto neoliberal. Después de analizar las cuestiones antes mencionadas, el artículo concluye afirmando que detrás del discurso de crecimiento, progreso y sustentabilidad emitido por las instituciones creadas en Bretton Woods, opera una ideología neoliberal, la cual está a cargo de suavizar la dominación por medio de la difusión de ideas legitimadoras, garantizando de ésta forma concesiones a las fuerzas subordinadas, lo cual implica valores que trascienden la posible manipulación del mundo como un mero objeto. ; This article discusses how the Bretton Woods institutions interact with issues of considerable importance that have directly affected the way the world is perceived since it is being developed in the so-called democracies, those questions are: ideology , neoliberalism and sustainable development. Through analyses of these concepts this article seeks to clearly expose the process through which the Bretton Woods institutions took the control of the global economy and how the term sustainable development has been used as the ideal tool for the expansion of the neoliberal project. After analyzing the aforementioned issues, the article concludes that behind the discourse of growth, progress and sustainability which is delivered by the Institutions created at Bretton Woods, operates a neoliberal ideology, which is in charge of smoothing the domination by the diffusion of legitimating ideas, ensuring this way concessions to the subordinate forces, which implies values that transcend the possible manipulation of the world as an object. ; Cet article analyse la manière dont les institutions de Bretton Woods interagissent avec les enjeux d'une importance considérable ont directement influencé la façon dont le monde est perçu depuis développé sur la base soi-disant démocraties, ces questions sont les suivantes: l'idéologie, le néolibéralisme et le développement durable. Grâce à l'analyse de ces concepts Cet article vise à exposer clairement le processus par lequel les institutions de Bretton Woods ont pris le contrôle de l'économie mondiale et que le terme développement durable a été utilisé comme un outil idéal pour l'expansion du projet néolibérale. Après avoir analysé les questions ci-dessus, l'article conclut que, derrière le discours de la croissance, le progrès et la durabilité émis par les institutions créées à Bretton Woods, exploite une idéologie néolibérale, qui est en charge de lissage de la domination par la diffusion de légitimation des idées, assurant ainsi des concessions aux forces subordonnées, ce qui implique des valeurs qui transcendent la manipulation possible du monde comme un simple objet.

La discusión sobre desarrollo lleva ya décadas en el ambiente académico internacional. No hay ni siquiera acuerdo sobre cómo éste debe ser definido. En cuanto a cómo avanzar en la senda del desarrollo, el foco se centra en las políticas públicas. Los analistas, sin embargo, se preocupan más por el aspecto de la gestión de las políticas. Esto le resta énfasis a la reflexión sobre las políticas en sí mismas, a sus fundamentos. En este terreno, aparecen las ciencias sociales haciendo su papel. De los hallazgos de sus investigaciones derivan los enfoques teóricos, que pueden ser divergentes. Desde una óptica general, los enfoques que llegan a aplicarse dependen del carácter de las instituciones prevalentes en cada país. Las instituciones pueden ser conservadoras o transformadoras. El que sea vigente uno u otro tipo de instituciones refleja la orientación de la elite política. Esto lleva al dilema ciencia o poder. El poder se separará de la ciencia si logra posición dominante una elite de índole conservadora. Sucederá un cambio político cuando haya un contexto externo favorable al cambio e internamente se configure una elite de cambio con una propuesta sostenible. ; Discussion on development goes on for decades in the international academic circles. There's no agreement not even in how it should be defined. As regards how to move forward in the path of development, focus is centered in public policies. Analysts, however, are more concerned about the management of policies. This diminishes thinking on policies themselves, on their foundations. In that area, social sciences turn out to perform their task. Out of their research findings, theoretical approaches are derived, which may be divergent among themselves. From a general point of view, the particular approach which turns out to be applied depends on the character of the institutions prevalent in the particular society. Institutions may be either conservative or transforming. To have one or the other character depends on the political elite orientation. This takes us to the dilemma science or power. Power will disentangle itself from science if a conservative elite succeeds in attaining a dominant position. Political change will take place when there is an external context prone to change and when a domestic elite favourable to change with a sustainable proposal in mind is made up.

The general intention of these reflections is to identify the set of characters that give them a pluralist and tolerant political and social identity perspective. In order to seek what is thought and what is reality in the philosophical-political system of the Treaties now in force, we examne philosophy or explicit inspiration or underlying integration over its instruments, their content and its very purpose, and the existence or not of a pluralistic inspiration of the decision making process.

Defining whether a financial institution is systemically important (or not) is challenging due to (i) the inevitability of combining complex importance criteria such as institutions' size, connectedness and substitutability; (ii) the ambiguity of what an

Governance covers a comprehensive analysis of how higher education is governed. Governance comprises a complex set of aspects such as the legal framework, the features of the institutions, the form of relationship with the whole system, the funding model, as they are being held accountable on how money is spent and the less formal structures and relationships that affect behavior.The radical changes in the university environment, has imposed changes within the higher education institutions (HEIs). The massification of education and the reduction of the company's willingness to fund the decrease in government funding and increasing institutional autonomy have forced universities to adopt new forms of manageme In Portugal, the Legal Regime of Higher Education Institutions (RJIES) sought to promote meaningful change and a paradigm shift in the governance of these institutions in Portugal. The main objective of this article is to understand the consequences that the new regulations had in the governance of HEI and in the adaptation of processes, in a context of reduction of higher education funding.