Suchergebnisse

The Swedish cities have been moving towards city regions that will have consequences for democracy, local citizenship and political institutions in forms of economic development, competitiveness and living environment. The proposed study will research how the citizens are affected and how the political institutions are responding to these changes. L. Pitkaniemi

The purpose of this article is to examine potential trends in the development of the political system of Ukraine after the end of the Russia-Ukraine war. Social changes always take place taking into account both subjective and objective circumstances. Currently the Ukrainian state relies on three pillars for further transformation of political institutions: 1) the Ukrainian value-mental tradition, 2) our own experience of democratic development in recent decades, 3) the political will to embrace European values. The latter means that Ukraine voluntarily undertook the obligation to meet the Copenhagen criteria, including to demonstrate the stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy, rule of law, human rights and protection of minorities. In the political circles of Ukraine, there is a "plan to restart the state", which boils down to structural changes in the system of public administration. Ukraine needs qualitative changes in the system of political relations, it is necessary to eliminate the contradiction between the form and content of political institutions. Archaic practices, nepotism, eastern methods of holding power by suppressing the opposition, corruption in the state apparatus and purely criminal practices are hidden behind the modern facade. War not only destroys, but also gives impulses for development through the mobilization of the nation's forces. We have a chance to restart political institutions and consolidate new structures born of war. We must pay attention to the institution of national resistance, which, through the movement of territorial defense and the volunteer movement, led to a situation of social filtering. As a result, strata of people crystallized, for whom the public good is higher than selfish interests. It is important not to lose the energy of the masses after the war and to use the patriotic movement to build political institutions.

For a long time, the creative heritage of many singers and composers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, which was created at Hetman residences, churches and monasteries remained insufficiently explored, and partly unknown. In recent decades a number of works by domestic musicologists have been published, which largely filled this gap. Works mainly concern secular music or some of the most well-known composers who wrote spiritual music. At the same time, the scope of the activities of the church musical centers remains unexplored to modern days, as are the names of many of their representatives from the monastic structure. In this article was made the attempt to find out the role of the Ukrainian church elite in formation of the musical centers of Hetmanate, as well as to reconstruct their personnel on the basis of the analysis of newly discovered archival documents and various publications. It was noted that the specifics of the formation of these musical centers was that they focused on contemporary spiritual educational institutions that were preparing the frames of composers and performers. The leading of them was the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, which for a long period of time was the main "staff of personnel" of the time composers of spiritual music and performers of choral church singing. The organizers of the musical life at the Academy were first of all its rectors, who opened the music classes, organized student choirs and wrote musical works for them. A separate subject, which was studied at the Academy, was Kant's singing, the formation of which was facilitated by the new Paretza system of choral performance. Musical centers in Chernihiv, Kharkiv and Pereyaslav focused on collegiums initiated by local bishops and completely dependent on their personal interest. It is concluded that the majority of diocesan bishops actively promoted the development of musical education in their eparchies, some of them became founders of choral groups and authors of musical works. The Chernihiv cell, initiated by Archbishop Lazar Baranovich more than half a century earlier from Kharkiv and Pereyaslavsky, benefited from the activity of his own printing press, which published various musical works, which ensured the progress of musical art in Chernihiv region and the entire Left Bank Ukraine.

The article is devoted to the issue of studying the possibility of developing political decentralized networks based on or following the example of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO), which are becoming increasingly common in the digital space. Their potential impact on the social institutions of society, including the system of state power, is analyzed. The article traces how the technological embodiment of antimonopoly and anti-state ideologies that have been actively developed in cyberspace can lead to a change in the very foundations of social institutions due to the absence of the need for a "third party" to guarantee the implementation of contracts and building responsible social relations.

The development of cyberspace is viewed through the prism of clashes of state interests seeking to establish control over the system of digital interactions, and multiple interest groups developing technological capabilities for autonomizing action by building protection based on cryptography. If not loosening, then breaking holes in the financial systems of states is an indicator of the success of decentralized finance projects, which means it stimulates the further development of DAOs and their possible transformation into decentralized political networks. The article also analyses the components of the new discipline Cryptonomics or Cryptoeconomics, showing serious scientific and methodological foundations for the development of DAO, which indicates in favor of the possibility of considering them as experimental platforms for the development of more global projects.

The article considers the special nature of the management of decentralized autonomous organizations based on financial incentives. A forecast is made regarding the next stage of confrontation between state structures and decentralized platforms. Conclusions are also drawn about the importance of the DAO for the development of the information society and the role of the intellectual elite in this confrontation.

The author reviews Bo Rothstein's book from 2003, "Social traps & the problem of Trust." Compared to Robert Putnam, Rothstein gives more importance to political processes & institutional arrangements. Studying the Swedish welfare state, Rothstein concludes that social trust is greater in Sweden than in other states, due to these institutional arrangements. The author on the other hand argues that institutions can both be a central factor to attain a new form of legitimacy & social integration, & be part of a deeper informal cultural structure. However, they can never be independent from the historical and cultural context. As generated by & themselves generating norms, they form part of "culture", but can never be treated as independent variables. References. A. Barral

The evaluation of organizational climate is a critical factor in business management, and its importance is even greater in military higher education institutions, due to the high motivation and commitment expected from their members. However, research on this topic in Ecuador is scarce. The present study validates a scale to measure organizational climate in Ecuadorian military higher education institutions. The instrument proposed by Hernández, Garrido & Rico (2016) was applied to an intentional sample of 44 Military Engineering School (ESINGM) members. Its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, obtaining values above 0.960, indicating high internal consistency. The dimensions of the organizational climate present in the institution were identified, and the results of the first-level statistical validation were presented. It is concluded that the scale is valid and reliable for measuring the organizational climate in this institution. In addition, this study contributes to the understanding of the organizational climate in military higher education institutions in Ecuador and may have implications for the management and improvement of educational quality in the context of higher education in Ecuador.

The article is devoted to studying the economic aspects of providing training for cheerleading teams in higher education institutions (HEIs). The study aims to analyse economic approaches to ensuring the training of cheerleading teams to participate in competitions among teams of higher education institutions. The key factors that influence the provision of team training are identified. The study revealed such factors as the availability of funding, the quality of coaching staff and the availability of sports infrastructure. The problems that can affect the effectiveness of team training are highlighted, and their solution is a crucial task for the successful development of cheerleading in higher education institutions. The structure and composition of costs for training cheerleading teams in higher education institutions are analysed. The analysis results indicate that the expenses include salaries of coaches and staff, purchase of equipment, medical care and other costs. Various areas of attracting financial resources to support the training of cheerleading teams in higher education institutions, such as university funding, sponsorship agreements, grants and sports development funds, are studied. The prospects for developing cheerleading infrastructure in higher education institutions are investigated. Developing cheerleading infrastructure in higher education institutions is essential in improving the quality of students' sports training, stimulating an active lifestyle and shaping a sports culture among the student community. The research is critical for both scientific and practical fields, contributing to improving conditions for the development of cheerleading in higher education institutions. The study results will allow universities and other educational institutions to understand better the costs associated with these activities and develop funding strategies to optimise the use of resources. This will contribute to the further development of the cheerleading infrastructure and improve the training of sports teams in educational institutions.

The article examines the scientific achievements of legal scholars of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in the field of information law as well as describes their impact on the formation of fundamental institutions of this field of law during the period from 1991 to 2021. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical and methodological grounds for the development of the main institutes of information law in the works of legal scholars of the Institute of Law / Faculty of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The author also aims at studying the prerequisites for the formation of Kyiv University scientific school of information law and determining further promising areas of research within the relevant field of law. Methods. During the study a number of methods have been used, namely dialectical, system-structural, formal-logical as well as historical, comparative, sociological, etc. Results. The article substantiates that the process of updating the institutions of information law in independent Ukraine is inextricably linked with the process of improving information legislation, the development of digital transformations in the state and society and research on various aspects of legal regulation of information relations. The paper shows that a wide range of proposals formulated by legal scholars of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv regarding the improvement of information legislation of Ukraine have been enshrined in the provisions of certain laws and bylaws. The paper also proves that the legal and educational basis for the development of a modern school of information law at Kyiv University is the establishment of Information Law Specialization for Master's Degree in 2012. The conclusions set out the main provisions of the study; formulate further areas of research of the main institutes of information law, which may be of scientific interest to legal scholars and practitioners. Keywords: field of law; Information Law; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; scientific school; legal system; period from 1991 to 2021.

Bo Rothman replies to Jens Stillhoff Sorensen's review of his book, "Social traps & the problem of Trust." He wants to further analyze three points raised by Sorensen: the view of cultural explanation in social sciences, the question about the theory of knowledge, & finally, if a researcher can strategically choose independent variables. Rothman is skeptical about the so-called cultural causes of lack of social trust. He also denies considering institutions as independent of the historical & cultural context. Besides, he considers himself not a positivist, but a "scientific realist." Finally he advocates for choosing those social variables that can be influenced with a purpose in mind. References. A. Barral

Comparative research emphasize Social Democratic parties as leading political forces when universal welfare states are reformed in accordance with market-oriented principles. Considering the traditional portrayal of universal welfare states as an institutional feature of Nordic political economics, which tends to favor the Social Democrats in the political power struggle, this is a highly surprising conclusion. In contrast to the conventional wisdom, that Social Democratic market reforms are caused by economic constraints, this article postulate reforms to be conducted for political & strategic purposes. The theoretical argument goes like this: Social Democrat governments decide upon reforms when the parry-elite perceive policy problems as potential threats to the legitimacy of the universal welfare state. Hence, market-oriented reforms are expected to re-invigorate the legitimacy of the universal welfare institutions. For political institutions to be efficient power resources they are requited to be deemed legitimate by a democratic constituency. Otherwise they can work counterproductive in the ongoing power-struggle. The theory is tested empirically in a structured comparison of Swedish & Danish school policy in the 1990s, & is confirmed with some slight modifications. References. Adapted from the source document.

A world government based on democratic principles would be ideal, but this is unlikely to come about any time soon. However, the mere impossibility of immediately implementing an idea does not make that idea wrong. Meanwhile one can work through existing institutions such as the UN and European Union to improve accountability in the arena of world politics. Adapted from the source document.

The issue of safety culture is one of the most important in a modern medical facility because any problems during the provision of services may lead to irreversible consequences. Not only the patient may suffer, but the doctor who assisted. Unfortunately, very little attention to this issue is paid in Ukraine. Based on this, we can say that the topic is relevant and requires studying. The purpose of writing this article is the analysis of the ways of forming professional safety culture in clinical medicine. The methods by which we carried out scientific research are observation, analysis, evaluation, comparison, generalization. The work examined interpretation of the term "safety culture", types of innovation in which it belongs and the main methods of its creation in the medical field. Safety culture in the medical field involves the right of all health care workers to use measures to prevent actions that can harm a patient or a colleague. Different approaches were considered in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" and we proposed our own: safety culture is a system of values, objectives, knowledge and skills, rules and procedures, convictions shared by representatives of a certain medical profession and supported by patients, creating a favourable working climate, atmosphere of trust and becoming an efficient tool for achieving the goals of the organization. The main components of the safety culture were defined: responsibilities of managers, communication, performance, resources of safety, trust, the degree of job satisfaction, etc. Based on several studies, it was found that no country has a perfect medical system. Every system should be improved. We proposed measures to fix the situation with the safety culture in health care facilities. The correct management of safety can eliminate or fix many medical errors. That is why the need for a clear program of implementation, execution and control of SC in the medical establishment is necessary. Scientific novelty of this work lies in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" at medical institutions and in determining major steps towards its creation. Practical value of the work is the opportunity to implement these steps in medical institutions for improvement of the safety culture and, therefore, to reduce the risk of bad accidents during treatment. Further research can address safety culture management in medical institutions on the examples from the experience of countries with effective systems of health care.