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Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Improperly defined intellectual property rights in a government contract can result in the loss of an entity's critical assets or limit the development of applications critical to public health or safety. Conversely, successful contracts can spur economic development, innovation, and growth, and dramatically improve the quality of delivered goods and services. Contracting for intellectual property rights is difficult. The stakes are high, and negotiating positions are frequently ill-defined. Moreover, the concerns raised must be tempered with the understanding that government contracting can be challenging even without the complexities of intellectual property rights. Further, contractors often have reasons for not wanting to contract with the government, including concerns over profitability, capacity, accounting and administrative requirements, and opportunity costs. Within the commercial sector, companies identified a number of specific intellectual property concerns that affected their willingness to contract with the government. These included perceived poor definitions of what technical data is needed by the government, issues with the government's ability to protect proprietary data adequately, and unwillingness on the part of government officials to exercise the flexibilities available concerning intellectual property rights. Some of these concerns were on perception rather than experience, but, according to company officials, they nevertheless influence decisions not to seek contracts or collaborate with federal government entities. Agency officials shared many of these concerns. Poor upfront planning and limited experience/expertise among the federal contracting workforce were cited as impediments. Although agency officials indicated that intellectual property rights problems may have limited access to particular companies, they did not cite specific instances where the agency was unable to acquire needed technology. Agency officials said that improved training and awareness of the flexibility already in place as well as a better definition of data needs on individual contracts would improve the situation."

Introduction. The transition of Ukraine to the information society requires a constructive rethinking of the role of intellectual property, which acts as the driving force behind the creation of competitive advantages and the formation of the potential of industrial and economic relations at the national and international levels.In many cases, market relations are not capable of ensuring the transformation of the results of innovation activity into goods. Therefore, in the given conditions, effective state regulation of the commercialization of intellectual property objects becomes the first place.Purpose. The purpose of this work is to study the processes of commercialization of intellectual property and the possibility of adapting foreign experience to the realities of today's Ukraine.Methods. Theoretical analysis and graphical method.Results. In accordance with the main goal in the work the following issues are considered: various scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of "intellectual property" are investigated; considered the main ways of using intellectual property; highlighted and analyzed the main groups of problems of regulation of relations connected with the commercialization of the results of intellectual property; the experience of foreign countries regarding the commercialization of the results of intellectual property was considered, namely, the main problems of this process were identified, possible solutions were proposed and the main toolkit used in the settlement of these problems was identified; The mechanism for the development of solutions based on the problems described in the work will be based and presented in a schematic form.Originality. The experience of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity abroad is generalized. The mechanism of solving the problems of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity is proposed.Conclusions. Thus, we can conclude that any problem of commercialization of intellectual property objects can be solved by finding a compromise between the parties, taking into account the legislative framework operating in the country, the choice of fundamental criteria, the assessment of the effectiveness and risks of a number of proposed options. Every solution proposed for the next implementation must be documented in the enterprise and have a correlation with the main development strategy.

Introduction to the 2018 Annual Clancy Ratliff, University of Louisiana at Lafayette'Blockbuster Sermons' and Authorship Issues in Evangelicalism TJ Geiger, Baylor UniversityPlagiarizing a Pushcart Prize Lanette Cadle, Missouri State UniversitySue for Mario Bros.: Nintendo vs Emulation Kyle D. Stedman, Rockford UniversityCockygate: Trademark Trolling, Romance Novels, and Intellectual Property Devon Fitzgerald Ralston, Winthrop UniversityA (Zombie) Legislative Proposal with Implications for Fair Use and Remix Culture Kim Gainer, Radford University

Are intellectual property rights like other property rights? More and more of the world's knowledge and information is under the control of intellectual property owners. What are the justifications for this? What are the implications for power and for justice of allowing this property form to range across social life? Can we look to traditional property theory to supply the answers or do we need a new approach? Intellectual property rights relate to abstract objects – objects like algorithms and DNA sequences. The consequences of creating property rights in such objects are far-reaching. A Philosophy of Intellectual Property argues that lying at the heart of intellectual property are duty-bearing privileges. We should adopt an instrumentalist approach to intellectual property and reject a proprietarian approach – an approach which emphasises the connection between labour and property rights. The analysis draws on the history of intellectual property, legal materials, the work of Grotius, Pufendorf, Locke, Marx and Hegel, as well as economic, sociological and legal theory. The book is designed to be accessible to specialists in a number of fields as well as students. It will interest philosophers, political scientists, economists, and legal scholars, as well as those professionals concerned with policy issues raised by modern technologies and the information society.

Background Australia provides statutory protection for intellectual property through patents, trade marks, geographical indications, registered designs, plant breeders' rights, copyright, moral rights, performers' rights and circuit layout rights. Current laws are consistent with treaties under the auspices of the World Trade Organization, the World Intellectual Property Organization and the World Health Organization to which Australia has acceded, as well as bilateral and regional trade agreements. The global economy and technology are changing and there have been increases in the scope and duration of intellectual property protection. The Australian Government seeks to ensure that the appropriate balance exists between incentives for innovation and investment and the interests of both individuals and businesses, including small businesses, in accessing ideas and products. This issues paper has been released by the Commission to assist individuals and organisations to prepare submissions to the inquiry. This paper outlines: the scope of the inquiry a proposed framework for considering intellectual property arrangements some broad questions about the objectives and operation of Australia's intellectual property arrangements, as well as some more specific questions, which relate to particular forms of intellectual property rights how to make a submission. Participants should not feel that they are restricted to comment only on matters raised in the issues paper. The Commission wishes to receive information and comment on issues that participants consider relevant to the inquiry's terms of reference. Submissions are due by 30 November 2015. Opportunity for further comment will be sought upon release of the draft report in March/April 2016.

The debate over international intellectual property rights has become an important foreign policy issue for many industrialized countries, and particularly for the United States. US companies complain that they have suffered greatly from the lack of rigorous and uniform international standards for intellectual property rights, and the US government has consequently undertaken to strengthen rights protection – through bilateral consultations with other countries and through multilateral forums such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the World Trade Organization. Most developing countries have committed to raising their standards of intellectual property protection, but how quickly they will adopt new standards of protection and what form the standards will take remain open questions. Intellectual Property Rights in Emerging Markets, edited by Clarisa Long, considers the three geographical regions that present the greatest intellectual property rights problems to US industries – China, Latin America, and India. The authors assess the effects of regional and local factors on levels of protection; describe how trade pacts, domestic interest groups, and development policies affect incentives to protect intellectual property rights; and propose steps to motivate the three regions to improve protection. Their findings and recommendations offer much-needed guidance to the US business community. ; https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/books/1122/thumbnail.jpg

Introduction to the 2018 Annual Clancy Ratliff, University of Louisiana at Lafayette 'Blockbuster Sermons' and Authorship Issues in Evangelicalism TJ Greiger, Baylor University Plagiarizing a Pushcart Prize Lanette Cadle, Missouri State University Sue for Mario Bros.: Nintendo vs Emulation Kyle D. Stedman, Rockford University Cockygate: Trademark Trolling, Romance Novels, and Intellectual Property Devon Fitzgerald Ralston, Winthrop University A (Zombie) Legislative Proposal with Implications for Fair Use and Remix Culture Kim Gainer, Radford University