Suchergebnisse

Grassroots intellectuals: theoretical and historical perspectives -- Wang Xiaobo and the silent majority: redefining the role of intellectuals after Tiananmen -- Minjian historians of the Mao era: commemorating, documenting, debating -- Investigating and transforming society from the margins: the rise and fall of independent cinema -- Professionals at the grassroots: rights lawyers, academics, and petitioners -- Journalists, bloggers, and a new public culture.

This article analyzes the foreign experience of foreign investment in the creation and use of intellectual capital of the country. Particular attention is paid to the experience of venture investment as a form of private investment in intellectual capital. In the article the macroeconomic concept of intellectual capital and its components is presented; analysis of the impact of eficiency of intellectual capital use to national competitiveness increase with the use of tools of regression analysis is conducted to determine the nature of the relationship between the index of competitiveness of the country and indicators of the use of national intellectual capital as well as to identify the countries whose experience is appropriate to consider for the development of proposals to improve effective use of national intellectual capital. The paper presents calculations, conirming the existence of a direct relationship between the level of development of intellectual capital and the growth of macroeconomic indicators, as well as calculations leading to a conclusion lead to the conclusion that, for the purpose of the development of measures to improve the eficiency of intellectual capital, it is appropriate to consider not only the experience of high income countries which belong to the group of high income level, but also rapidly developing countries such as China. The article also conducted provides a comprehensive analysis of the socio-economic, scientiic, technological, legal and administrative, socio-cultural, infrastructural and external factors that affect the process of the use of national intellectual capital in order to identify areas in which it is possible to improve the government measures aimed at the increase of the effective use of intellectual capital. Financial support for the use of intellectual capital is deined as one of the key factors inluencing the eficiency of intellectual capital use on a national scale. The development of the venture capital market, as a form of private investment in high-risk ...

The article deals with the problem of intellectual migration (exodus of the highly-skilled personnel, especially in the ield of science and technology), in relation to the three emerging economies: China, India and Russia. A brief historical outline of policy in relation to the "brain drain" is presented, and the experience of the three above-mentioned countries in the ield of intellectual migration management is compared. The basic timeframe of the study is from 1990s to the mid-late 2000s, with some remarks about past decades and future prospects. Among the three examples of migration management the Chinese experience seems more systematical and includes a wide range of instruments for reversing the "brain drain" process. Indian "talent circulation" policy is more fragmented, despite obvious efforts of the government to put it in the strict conceptual framework. In the Russian Federation the "brain drain" policy is yet in the making, and range of appropriate instruments for "circulation of talents" management is to be developed. The inal conclusion is that the dynamics of perception of the "brain drain" phenomenon is generally of a similar character in all three cases: an initial negative attitude and attempts to restrict intellectual migration change over time to the recognition of the "brain drain" inevitability and the transition to a "talent circulation" policy begins, i. e., the using of intellectual diaspora resources for development of the national economy and S&T system.

The authors consider the intellectual property rights from two points of view: legal theory and institutional economical theory. Contents of "intellectual property" and "intellectual rights" concepts have been revealed in this paper, and the necessity of their study has been justified not only from the legal point of view, but also from the economic one. The authors emphasize that the institutional economics in general and the economic theory of property rights, in particular, have a great potential in the study both of theoretical and practical aspects related to intellectual rights. According to the authors, it is the institutional approach which will create an effective legislation in this area. ; Авторы статьи рассматривают интеллектуальные права собственности с двух точек зрения: теории права и институциональной экономической теории. В статье раскрыты содержания понятий «интеллектуальная собственность», «интеллектуальные права» и обоснована необходимость их изучения не только с правовой, но и с экономической точки зрения. Авторы подчеркивают, что институциональная экономика в целом и экономическая теория прав собственности, в частности, обладают огромным потенциалом в изучении как теоретических, так и практических аспектов интеллектуальных прав. По их мнению, именно институциональный подход позволит создать эффективное законодательство в данной области.

Since the advent of the first proto-state entities, human society has searched for the best way to manage and organize large groups. Criteria have changed throughout history more than once: initially, the legitimacy of the Manager was supported by tradition, religious cult – the best leader has not only strength, agility and intelligence, qualities which were required of the leaders in the pre-state era, but behind it the authority of tradition. Currently, the legitimacy of the ruler (take consideration of "developed" countries of Europe) depends on many factors, as a rather formal and paradigmatic for the current system of governance – utilitarianism in the classical formulation of Jeremy Bentham, based on a democratic form of government, the rate on the effectiveness of leadership, understood primarily in an economic sense. ; С момента появления первых протогосударственных образований человеческое общество искало наилучший способ управления и организации больших групп. Критерии менялись на протяжении истории не один раз: первоначально легитимация управленца поддерживалась традицией, религиозным культом – лучший вождь обладает не только силой, ловкостью и умом, качествами, какие требовались вождям в догосударственную эпоху, но за ним стоит авторитет традиции. В настоящее время легитимность правителя (возьмем для рассмотрения «развитые» страны Европы) зависит от множества факторов, как достаточно формальных, так и парадигмальных для нынешней системы управления обществом – утилитаризма в классической формулировке Бентама, продиктованного демократической формой правления, ставке на эффективность руководства, понимаемую в первую очередь в экономическом смысле.

Intellectual activity of students requires a special approach towards the system of organization and management of this process. Drawing on the institutional approach, the paper shows the interdependence between the values and norms of the institution and the basic values of students in terms of enhancing their intellectual activity and the formation of human capital of students, as well as the maintenance and development of the intellective potential of the institution. The authors first explore the peculiar forms of presenting in the educational process the basic values of students and university facilitating the efficiency and diligence of students, then present the key values crucial for further functioning and development of students' education system. The article identifies the factors that determine the education system functionality. Among such factors are teaching methodology, the system of periodic and current evaluation of students work, the organization of the learning process, the forms of motivation. The findings demonstrate the influence of students basic values on their intellectual activity, the role of these values in educational and scientific activity of students, the growing impact of the values of higher education institutions on their intellectual activity and intellective capital through the system of students motivation.

The present study legal analysis of the legal aspects of violations of intellectual property rights in modern Russian criminal law, which is currently, despite the urgency of the problem, little studied area, both from the point of view of the theory and from the practical point of view.

The article describes the features of the inheritance of copyright problems arising in connection with the specifics of this group relations, as well as lack of legal regulation in this area. Analyzed issues such as the procedure and grounds for the issuance of certificates of inheritance of intellectual property, rights of the spouse in the succession of intellectual property and others. Revealed some gaps in the legal regulation of this sphere, made a number of proposals to address them and co-vershenstvovaniyu legislation. ; В статье рассмотрены особенности наследования авторских прав, проблемы, возникающие в связи со спецификой данной группы правоотношений, а также недостаточностью правового регулирования в данной сфере. Проанализированы такие вопросы, как: порядок и основания выдачи свидетельств о праве на наследство на результаты интеллектуальной деятельности, права супруга при наследовании интеллектуальной собственности и другие. Выявлены некоторые пробелы в правовом регулировании данной сферы, сформулирован ряд предложений по их устранению и совершенствованию законодательства.

West, Matthew Ellis. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 250-260). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract (in English and Chinese) --- p.ii ; Acknowledgments --- p.iv ; Table of Contents --- p.vi ; Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction ´ؤ China and Intellectual Property --- p.1 ; Introduction ; What is Intellectual Property? ; Chenggong Music and Movies ; Lost in Translation ; Piracy ; Copying ; An Historical Perspective ; "The Past, Sharing, and Censorship" ; Methodology and Xi'an's Disc Market ; Chapter Breakdown ; Chapter Chapter 2: --- Literature Review 一 An Anthropological Approach to IP --- p.37 ; The Anthropology of Property ; Human Rights Discourses ; Economic Pragmatism? ; The Return of Power ; Toward a Theory of IP ; Metaphorical Framing ; Stages of IP Advocacy ; Local Contextualization ; China: Global Pressure and Local Response ; Chapter Chapter 3: --- Daoban as a Moral Business --- p.60 ; The Commoditization of IP ; Price is all that Matters! ; Pricing Practices within Stores ; Pricing Determinants ; Moving Beyond Price and Quality ; Consumer Fraud and Fakes: The Breakdown of Price and Quality ; Competition and the Disc Business ; Is it Zhengban or Daoban? ; Doubting the Difference ; Relative Morality: Guilt and Stealing ; The Ambivalent Position of Chinese Retail Business ; Conclusion: Passive Contestation and the Moral Sphere ; Chapter Chapter 4: --- Daoban as an Illegal Commodity --- p.104 ; Petty Economic Crime ; "Cheating, Plagiarism, and Painting" ; Petty Economic Illegality ; Illegality in China's Context: The Government Connection ; Backing (beijing) ; Corruption ; Structural Issues: Officials and Enforcement ; Policing Norms ; Norms of Copyright Enforcement ; Social Consequences of Enforcement ; Action Against Vendors ; Action Against Pornography ; Justifications and Responses ; Conclusion: Daoban and Illegality ; Chapter Chapter 5: --- Daoban and Intangible Property --- p.155 ; What is Daoban? ; Dowloading and the ...

The article is devoted to the investment and legal aspects of the proposed measures aimed at improving the efficiency of the national intellectual capital use and, hence, achieving the long-term objectives of social and economic development of Russia. Such measures include the development of private investment, including venture capital, reduction of interest rates on production loans for high-tech companies using and creating national intellectual capital and legislation improvement in the sphere of creation and use of intellectual property. The article presents the forecast of economic effect from realization of measures in the sphere of private investment development, the forecast of economic effect from the reduction of interest rates on loans for high-tech companies using the example of а hypothetical company, the assessment of the impact of proposals on legislation improvement and providing the technology transfer. It concludes that the proposed measures have the significant influence in terms of stimulating the development of private investment in the sphere of intellectual capital use. The article presents the model of estimation of economic effect from reduction of interest rates on the loan for high-tech enterprises, which confirms the positive impact of this measure at microeconomic level, which, in turn, allows to make a conclusion about its positive impact on the economy as a whole. Within the legal aspect study the specific measures to encourage the creation and use of intellectual capital and improving technology transfer as an element of intellectual capital policy are proposed. It is concluded that the proposed legislative and institutional changes will contribute to improving the efficiency of national intellectual capital use in the long term.