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Nowadays many city governance bodies struggling to understand the vast array of issues that are coming their way - climate change, global warming, poverty, real estate, education, traffic, resource depletion, etc. And they increasingly face a need for 'new thinking', realizing that governmental decisions have long-term impacts. In addition, effectiveness of cooperation in field of efficient solution transfer becomes important among cities. The aim of the article is to show the concept, features, advantages and opportunities of the intellectual city environment in order to achieve new and qualitative development. To reflect the essence of 'smart city' and 'intellectual city' concepts, authors use literature review and overview. Main research results show that the use of positive synergies strengthens existing urban components and creates new ones. They improve the quality of the processes by developing the economic potential of cities and territories. The governance of the intellectual city is organized by different city management models. Model for strategic development of urban environment can help achieve the effect of synergy. True synergy effect in the intellectual urban environment is a change-oriented system. Authors offer their view of synergy of intelligence in 'intellectual city' in 21st century, which is reflected as an interaction between human and artificial intelligence. That relates with culture, global connectedness, control, investments, technology and innovations. The results show that 'intellectual cities' are built with high intensity support from government. Support is aimed to improve prosperity and life quality of citizens. These are key indicators that reflect opinion of voter about governance in election period.

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Improperly defined intellectual property rights in a government contract can result in the loss of an entity's critical assets or limit the development of applications critical to public health or safety. Conversely, successful contracts can spur economic development, innovation, and growth, and dramatically improve the quality of delivered goods and services. Contracting for intellectual property rights is difficult. The stakes are high, and negotiating positions are frequently ill-defined. Moreover, the concerns raised must be tempered with the understanding that government contracting can be challenging even without the complexities of intellectual property rights. Further, contractors often have reasons for not wanting to contract with the government, including concerns over profitability, capacity, accounting and administrative requirements, and opportunity costs. Within the commercial sector, companies identified a number of specific intellectual property concerns that affected their willingness to contract with the government. These included perceived poor definitions of what technical data is needed by the government, issues with the government's ability to protect proprietary data adequately, and unwillingness on the part of government officials to exercise the flexibilities available concerning intellectual property rights. Some of these concerns were on perception rather than experience, but, according to company officials, they nevertheless influence decisions not to seek contracts or collaborate with federal government entities. Agency officials shared many of these concerns. Poor upfront planning and limited experience/expertise among the federal contracting workforce were cited as impediments. Although agency officials indicated that intellectual property rights problems may have limited access to particular companies, they did not cite specific instances where the agency was unable to acquire needed technology. Agency officials said that improved training and awareness of the flexibility already in place as well as a better definition of data needs on individual contracts would improve the situation."

This item is part of the Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements (PRISM) digital collection, a collaborative initiative between Florida Atlantic University and University of Central Florida in the Publication of Archival, Library & Museum Materials (PALMM).

L'intellettuale catalano Manuel de Pedrolo (1918-1990) si assume la responsabilità diretta delle conseguenze del suo sostegno alla democrazia e libertà d'espressione. Egli ritiene che sia un dovere del cittadino, e ovviamente degli intellettuali, informare e far sentire la propria voce. Allo stesso tempo, da Pedrolo è consapevole della realtà, ad esempio del fatto che l'opinione pubbli-ca possa essere manipolata dalla stampa e dai politici. ; The Catalan intellectual Manuel de Pedrolo (1918-1990) takes direct responsibility for the consequences of his support for democracy and freedom of expression. He believes that it is an obligation of the citizen, and obviously of intellectuals, to inform and make their voices heard. At the same time, he is aware of the reality of the situation, for example, the fact that public opinion can be manipulated by the press and politicians. ; L' intellectual català Manuel de Pedrolo s'agafa en primera persona la responsabilitat de les conseqüències de prendre partit a favor de la democràcia i lli-bertat d'expressió. Ell creu que és una obligació del ciutadà, i òbviament dels intellectuals, informar-se i fer sentir la pròpia veu. Tot i aixì és conscient de la realitat dels fets, com per exemple que l'opinió pública pugui ser manipulada per la premsa i pels polítics.

Introduction. The transition of Ukraine to the information society requires a constructive rethinking of the role of intellectual property, which acts as the driving force behind the creation of competitive advantages and the formation of the potential of industrial and economic relations at the national and international levels.In many cases, market relations are not capable of ensuring the transformation of the results of innovation activity into goods. Therefore, in the given conditions, effective state regulation of the commercialization of intellectual property objects becomes the first place.Purpose. The purpose of this work is to study the processes of commercialization of intellectual property and the possibility of adapting foreign experience to the realities of today's Ukraine.Methods. Theoretical analysis and graphical method.Results. In accordance with the main goal in the work the following issues are considered: various scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of "intellectual property" are investigated; considered the main ways of using intellectual property; highlighted and analyzed the main groups of problems of regulation of relations connected with the commercialization of the results of intellectual property; the experience of foreign countries regarding the commercialization of the results of intellectual property was considered, namely, the main problems of this process were identified, possible solutions were proposed and the main toolkit used in the settlement of these problems was identified; The mechanism for the development of solutions based on the problems described in the work will be based and presented in a schematic form.Originality. The experience of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity abroad is generalized. The mechanism of solving the problems of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity is proposed.Conclusions. Thus, we can conclude that any problem of commercialization of intellectual property objects can be solved by finding a compromise between the parties, taking into account the legislative framework operating in the country, the choice of fundamental criteria, the assessment of the effectiveness and risks of a number of proposed options. Every solution proposed for the next implementation must be documented in the enterprise and have a correlation with the main development strategy.

The article firstly examines the different conceptions of dialogue and reason within political theory, especially in the work of Rawls. Secondly we explore multicultural political theorists who have been motivated less by abstract reasoning by a sole reasoner or identical identity-less individuals and more by dialogue. For such multiculturalists, the principles of social justice are not known in advance or simply by reason, but are arrived at by conflict and learning, by dialogue and negotiation in circumstances of inequality and minority-claims making. In response to the multiculturalists, interculturalists allege that multiculturalism is too focused on the macro and the conflictual, and dialogue should be redirected to the micro and the cooperative. Although I welcome the interculturalists' focus on micro-relations, this does not require abandoning the idea of dialogue at the level of political controversies and public discourses. It is not an either–or choice because groups and intergroup problems exist in society and cannot be simply handled at a micro level of contact, interaction and sociability. The kind of macro-level dialogue that I am speaking of can also be understood as a form of public intellectual engagement that can contribute to societal dialogues.

This study explores the way in which intellectual capital characteristics contribute towards a competitive advantage to public sector firms, particularly–State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the intellectual capital and performance of public sector firms. Another purpose was to find out the difference of SOEs and non SOEs listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange regarding the effect of intellectual capital on financial performance The motivation based on the opinion that public sector in Indonesia had a bad performance compares to private sector. In government context human capital include competence, level of knowledge and integrity. Structural capital consist of culture and system or bureaucracy. Customer capital pertaining services to public. The sample consist of 36 firms were listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, 18 SOEs and 18 non SOEs. Data were drawn for three years, 2010-2012. It was an empirical study using multiple regression model and independent sample t test for the data analysis. The paper tests elements of VAICTM and financial company's performance. The findings show that: as partial, the components of intellectual capital (VAICTM), physical capital have a significantly influences to firms performance, but human capital and structural capital have no significantly influences to firms performance.

This study explores the way in which intellectual capital characteristics contribute towards a competitive advantage to public sector firms, particularly–State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the intellectual capital and performance of public sector firms. Another purpose was to find out the difference of SOEs and non SOEs listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange regarding the effect of intellectual capital on financial performance The motivation based on the opinion that public sector in Indonesia had a bad performance compares to private sector. In government context human capital include competence, level of knowledge and integrity. Structural capital consist of culture and system or bureaucracy. Customer capital pertaining services to public. The sample consist of 36 firms were listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, 18 SOEs and 18 non SOEs. Data were drawn for three years, 2010-2012. It was an empirical study using multiple regression model and independent sample t test for the data analysis. The paper tests elements of VAICTM and financial company's performance. The findings show that: as partial, the components of intellectual capital (VAICTM), physical capital have a significantly influences to firms performance, but human capital and structural capital have no significantly influences to firms performance.

In this article, the authors analyze intellectual humility as a cognitive and a communicative virtue. Public discussions on controversial topics – religious and scientific debates included – are becoming an increasingly important part of social life. They are viewed as important for the future of democratic societies as political procedures traditionally associated with democracy. In order to make a public dialogue more beneficial for the society it is essential to understand what obstacles may arise in its way and what the possible strategies to overcome them are. One of such behavioral strategies is intellectual humility. Humility has a long history of being recognized as a virtue. The authors analyze its potential for contemporary societies, undertake etymological analysis and compare intellectual humility to other associated intellectual virtues and vices such as open-mindedness and intellectual hubris. The core point of this article is that prejudiced cognition is bound to become limited or outright false, whereas intellectually humble research and dialogue efforts lead to true understanding – both cognitive and interpersonal. Intellectual humility is perceived as an especially valuable asset for any researcher, administrator or public speaker.

I. The physical basis -- II. The moral basis -- III. Of education -- IV. The power of time -- V. The influences of money -- VI. Custom and tradition -- VII. Women and marriage -- VIII. Aristocracy and democracy -- IX. Society and solityde -- X. Intellectua hygienics -- XI. Trades and professions -- XII. Surroundings. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The article firstly examines the different conceptions of dialogue and reason within political theory, especially in the work of Rawls. Secondly we explore multicultural political theorists who have been motivated less by abstract reasoning by a sole reasoner or identical identity-less individuals and more by dialogue. For such multiculturalists, the principles of social justice are not known in advance or simply by reason, but are arrived at by conflict and learning, by dialogue and negotiation in circumstances of inequality and minority-claims making. In response to the multiculturalists, interculturalists allege that multiculturalism is too focused on the macro and the conflictual, and dialogue should be redirected to the micro and the cooperative. Although I welcome the interculturalists' focus on micro-relations, this does not require abandoning the idea of dialogue at the level of political controversies and public discourses. It is not an either–or choice because groups and intergroup problems exist in society and cannot be simply handled at a micro level of contact, interaction and sociability. The kind of macro-level dialogue that I am speaking of can also be understood as a form of public intellectual engagement that can contribute to societal dialogues.1 1This article is a reprint of Tariq Modood (2017) 'Intercultural public intellectual engagement' in Fethi Mansouri (ed) Interculturalism at the Crossroads: Comparative perspectives on concepts, policies and practice, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, France, 83-102.

Pendidikan merupakan media untuk meningkatkan kualitas manusia terdidik. Dari para manusia terdidik tersebut diharapkan berbagai persoalan sosial yang dihadapi manusia dapat diselesaikan. Oleh karena itu, muatan pendidikan semestinya berisi tentang beragam problem sosial masyarakat yang akan dicarikan solusinya melalui praktik pendidikan. Materi pendidikan –dengan demikian- tidak hanya berisi tentang teori-teori belaka, tetapi meliputi data faktual mengenai problem masyarakat yang ada dan terjadi. Tulisan ini merupakan ide yang mendorong gagasan perlunya pendidikan berbasis kepentingan masyarakat dalam dunia pendidikan. Jadi pendidikan merupakan aktifitas yang berupaya mencari solusi dari berbagai persoalan yang dihadapi oleh peserta didik khususnya dan manusia pada umumnya. Demi mencapai hal tersebut di atas, tidak ada salahnya jika meminjam teori pendidikan Paulo Freire yang dialogis, kontekstual, memberikan penyadaran, berpihak pada kaum miskin, dan membebaskan manusia dari segala praktik penindasan, juga meminjam teori pendidikan Confusius dengan konsep "Intellectual Democracy", sebagai inspirasi kritis terhadap penyelenggaraan pendidikan di negeri ini, agar keberadaannya lebih dinamis dan menyentuh kepentingan masyarakat secara nyata.

Pendidikan merupakan media untuk meningkatkan kualitas manusia terdidik. Dari para manusia terdidik tersebut diharapkan berbagai persoalan sosial yang dihadapi manusia dapat diselesaikan. Oleh karena itu, muatan pendidikan semestinya berisi tentang beragam problem sosial masyarakat yang akan dicarikan solusinya melalui praktik pendidikan. Materi pendidikan –dengan demikian- tidak hanya berisi tentang teori-teori belaka, tetapi meliputi data faktual mengenai problem masyarakat yang ada dan terjadi. Tulisan ini merupakan ide yang mendorong gagasan perlunya pendidikan berbasis kepentingan masyarakat dalam dunia pendidikan. Jadi pendidikan merupakan aktifitas yang berupaya mencari solusi dari berbagai persoalan yang dihadapi oleh peserta didik khususnya dan manusia pada umumnya. Demi mencapai hal tersebut di atas, tidak ada salahnya jika meminjam teori pendidikan Paulo Freire yang dialogis, kontekstual, memberikan penyadaran, berpihak pada kaum miskin, dan membebaskan manusia dari segala praktik penindasan, juga meminjam teori pendidikan Confusius dengan konsep "Intellectual Democracy", sebagai inspirasi kritis terhadap penyelenggaraan pendidikan di negeri ini, agar keberadaannya lebih dinamis dan menyentuh kepentingan masyarakat secara nyata.

Stuart Hall (3 February 1932 – 10 February 2014) is acknowledged as one of the founding figures of British Cultural Studies. His extensive academic work on topics such as race ; ethnicity and identity reflects his own position as a diasporic intellectual. His contribution to the study of popular culture is determined by the importance of his political character in every social act ; his non-deterministic view of Marxism ; and is especially determined by his insistence on playing an active role beyond academia in order to contribute to the transformation of hegemonic structures. The following biography aims to give a focused view of his personal history and its direct influence on his key theoretical reflections.

In No Logo, Naomi Klein states: "It is not to sponsor culture but to be the culture", referring to world-famous brands that started approaching new and experimental marketing techniques. Yet, as early as 1974, Pierre Bourdieu argued that the discourse on haute couture was already a discourse on haute culture, undoing the exquisitely philosophical prejudice that collocated fashion among small and frivolous things, unworthy of observation. This paper returns to this question through investigating the case of Gucci Aria, which used famous books of philosophy and critical theory as props. Even if this is not a novelty in the fashion world – from Miuccia Prada's "radical chic-ism" to Martin Margiela's deconstruction – what is new is that fashion has found itself having to study and incorporate knowledge that comes from the so-called high culture usually aimed at a niche audience of intellectuals. This is more than the attempt of lifestyle branding to address social and political movements' vindications as part of the social corporate responsibility strategy. What is the purpose behind selling theory itself? How can this exploitation carried out by fashion brands be read as a way of popularizing high culture? Are fashion designers playing at being organic intellectuals and is conspicuous consumption finding its new goal?