Suchergebnisse

The paper deals with the analysis of the main preconditions to develop the concept of green investments marketing. Thus, the authors justified that current ecological, economic, social and political conflicts, as well as lack of financial resources, require to attract the additional investments to the national economy for the implementation of the indicators of sustainable development goals. The authors systematized the main parameters of green investments and their stakeholders in order to consider them during forming the system of marketing instruments for the green investment market. In the paper, the authors proved that manipulation of the publicity principle among stakeholders of the green investment market provoked the spreading of greenwashing. Based on the traditional 8P marketing concept and taking into account specificity of green investments, the authors developed a system of modern marketing instruments for the green investment market.

The paper deals with the analysis of the main preconditions to develop the concept of green investments marketing. Thus, the authors justified that current ecological, economic, social and political conflicts, as well as lack of financial resources, require to attract the additional investments to the national economy for the implementation of the indicators of sustainable development goals. The authors systematized the main parameters of green investments and their stakeholders in order to consider them during forming the system of marketing instruments for the green investment market. In the paper, the authors proved that manipulation of the publicity principle among stakeholders of the green investment market provoked the spreading of greenwashing. Based on the traditional 8P marketing concept and taking into account specificity of green investments, the authors developed a system of modern marketing instruments for the green investment market.

The paper deals with the analysis of the main preconditions to develop the concept of green investments marketing. Thus, the authors justified that current ecological, economic, social and political conflicts, as well as lack of financial resources, require to attract the additional investments to the national economy for the implementation of the indicators of sustainable development goals. The authors systematized the main parameters of green investments and their stakeholders in order to consider them during forming the system of marketing instruments for the green investment market. In the paper, the authors proved that manipulation of the publicity principle among stakeholders of the green investment market provoked the spreading of greenwashing. Based on the traditional 8P marketing concept and taking into account specificity of green investments, the authors developed a system of modern marketing instruments for the green investment market.

The issue of investment in the agricultural sector and state regulation of investment activity is crucial for the development of any economy. With the economic crisis, these issues are of particular relevance. Therefore, to overcome the crisis and choosing the right targets economic development of the agricultural sector in Ukraine should learn foreign experience to attract investment and use. The article summarizes the international experience of investing agriculture in the developed world. The basic forms of state support for the agricultural sector, studied agriculture subsidies in developed countries. Also, the article outlines the main directions of the experience of foreign countries to support domestic agriculture.

Розкрито сутність і зміст понять «інвестиції» та «іноземні інвестиції», досліджено класифікацію іноземних інвестицій за основними ознаками. Проаналізовано чинні нормативно-правові акти українського та міжнародного законодавства, які є правовою основою інвестиційного процесу, та розроблено рекомендації з удосконалення українського законодавства, зокрема рекомендовано ухвалити Інвестиційний кодекс України. ; The essence and content of the concepts of "investment" and "foreign investments" have been revealed. On this basis the author has made own definition of foreign investments in the broad sense. The forms of foreign investments and their classification according to the objects of investment, depending on the degree of control over the enterprise, etc. have been analyzed; it has been concluded that today foreign direct investments has a number of advantages for the Ukrainian economy compared to portfolio ones. Extended classification of investments has been provided. The current normative and legal acts of Ukrainian and international legislation that underlie the investment process have been analyzed. In order to improve Ukrainian legislation, the author has noted on the need to develop and adopt the Investment Code of Ukraine, which allows foreign investors to avoid unpredictable situations in the process of investing in the Ukrainian economy, and assists managers of international companies to develop scientifically based business plans of development for individual enterprises as well as for entire industries.

In the current economic environment, the issue of attracting internal and external investments, as well as their rational use, is of particular relevance. The current state of market transformations in Ukraine requires such conditions that would guarantee economic security to investors and ensure innovative development of the domestic economy. The effective functioning of business entities and the production of competitive products require significant investment resources, which will help to solve the problem of updating the material and technical base. Therefore, the issue of financial support for investment activities is becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of the article is to analyze the sources of financial support for investment activity and to systematize the main factors that impede the development of investment activity. In writing the article, the following basic research methods were used: analysis and synthesis method, comparison method, economic–statistical and abstract–logical methods. The article analyzes the state of capital investments volume, their heterogeneity during the studied period is established. It is proved that the volume of foreign investments has been decreasing in recent years, which is explained by the political and economic situation in the country. The main sources of financing of investment activity are identified, it is proved that the main source in modern economic conditions are the own funds of the enterprises. The main factors limiting the attraction of foreign investments are identified. It is established that stimulating investment activity to the economy is one of the priority tasks that requires solving a number of problems at all levels of management. An active state position and a comprehensive approach to solving existing problems related to investment activity will allow Ukraine to realize its potential in the investment sphere with maximum efficiency, which will be a precondition for its sustainable economic development in the future.

The subject of the study is the mechanism for the implement investment policy. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations for improving the state's impact on investment attraction and its effective use in the national economy. Research methods. The paper uses general scientific and special methods: scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, both analytical, systemic. Reserch Results. The article analyzes the structural and constituent elements of investment in the Ukrainian economy, while reasoning the state policy direction towards its improvement. The reselts of application. In economics and management of the national economy, in the part of state systems and mechanisms of economic management at the international, sectoral, inter–sectoral and regional levels, methods and economic levers of regulation of economic processes and their efficiency. Conclusions. Ukraine is not experiencing the best times, in recent years the investment Ukraine's attractiveness has only grown by 4 points. To improve the situation, a clear definition of investment priorities is required. The mechanism of state regulation of investment processes should be based on the creation of the necessary state institutions (financial, insurance, legal, project management), in order to be programmatically purposeful, exectly end at the results as well as self–financing, so as to provide planning.

According to Part 1,Article 1 of the Law of Ukraine "On Investment Activity" investments are all kinds of property and intellectual values invested in objects of business and other activities, which result in profit (income) and / or social and environmental effect achievements. In turn, investing in housing construction has certain peculiarities, considering the nature and subjective composition of such relationships. In particular, attention should be paid to the aleatority of transactions made in the real estate market for investing in construction, as such are risky for both the investor and the developer.For these reasons, the primary objective is to provide investors with guarantees during the housing construction investments, on the one hand, and to reduce the tax burden on the developer or the individual entities attracting such investments, on the other. Actually, therefore, the current legislation restricts the mechanisms of attracting funds from individuals and legal entities for investing and financing housing construction.The investment and financing of housing construction with the attraction of non-state funds from individuals and legal entities, under Part 3, Article 4 of the Law of Ukraine "On Investment Activity", can be carried out exclusively through construction financing funds (CFF), real estate operations funds (REOF), joint investment institutes (JII), as well as through the issuance of target corporate bonds, which provide the fulfillment of obligations by transferring the object (part of the object) of housing construction.The Law of Ukraine "On Joint Investment Institutes" which denotes that joint investment institutes are corporate and share fund regulates joint investment institutes activity. A corporate fund is a legal entity created in the form of a joint stock company and operates exclusively for the purpose of joint investment. As for the share fund, the latter is not a legal entity, but in fact consists of assets that belong to the members of such a fund under common ownership. The management company manages the fund and accountes its assets separately from the results of its business activities. An asset management company creates the fund itself. Corporate and share funds activities are both managed by an asset management company (AMC).Joint investment mechanisms in housing construction carried out through JII are the following: "preliminary contracts" mechanism; financial instruments purchase for housing construction; JII investment in the target corporate bonds, which provide the fulfillment of obligations by transferring the object (part of the object) of housing construction. Analyzing the mechanisms used in housing investing carried out through JII, we conclude that none of the above mechanisms provide the participation of the investor in the JII, that, in fact, does not meet the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On Joint Investment Institutes". By its very nature, joint investment activities require the obligatory participation of an investor in JII, the acquisition of securities of JII, which results in enjoying the rights provided for a JII participant. ; З'ясовано поняття та форми інвестування в будівництво житла, до яких чинне зако­нодавство відносить фонди фінансування будівництва, фонди операцій з нерухомістю, інститути спільного інвестування та емісію цільових облігацій підприємств, виконання зобов'язань за якими відбувається шляхом передачі об'єкта (частини об'єкта) житлового будівництва. Виокремлено особливості інвестування в будівництво житла через інститути спільного інвестування ‒ корпоративний та пайовий фонди. Запропоновано під інвестором, що фінансує (інвестує в) будівництво через інститут спільного інвестування розуміти саме учасника відповідного інституту, який придбав цінні папери та в інтересах якого відбу­вається спільне інвестування інституційним інвестором. Наголошено на невідповід­ності окремих механізмів інвестування в будівництво, що використовуються на практиці, вимогам Закону України "Про інвестиційну діяльність", у зв'язку з широким трактуванням поняття інвестування через інститути спільного інвестування.

Nowadays the multinational corporations due to direct foreign investments constantly enhance their impact on both international economic relations and the competitiveness of the national economy. Inflows of investment capital serve as the basis for development of the infrastructure of the territory and production while attracting foreign technologies increases competitiveness of domestic products in foreign markets. The purpose of writing this article is to determine the investment strategies of TNC when entering the Ukrainian market, as well as general trends of attracting foreign direct investments that influence the investment attractiveness of Ukraine. Research methods are analysis and synthesis, comparison. Based on the comparison of the data on the dynamics of volume of foreign investment in the economy of Ukraine and other countries of the world we analyzed the peculiarities of attracting foreign direct investment in Ukraine. The sectoral structure of foreign direct investment was explored and the trends specific to the major types of economic activity were determined. According to the data of analyzed scientific materials it was determined that the overwhelming part of the capital of foreign TNC is concentrated in the food and tobacco industry, trade, finance, real estate operations, i.e. in the areas with high turnover of capital and secured markets. In addition, a negative trend of decrease in the inflow of foreign capital in the real sector of economy was discovered. The paper considers the criteria, according to which Ukraine is attractive for the activities of TNC, and the factors that reduce the competitive advantage were also taken into account. Scientific novelty of the work is in determining the characteristics of the current development of investment processes in Ukraine, as well as the substantiation of the necessity of studying the aspects of TNC investment activities to attract foreign investments into the economy of the country on mutually beneficial conditions. The practical significance of the work is in that providing appropriate measures to improve the investment climate will allow by rational approach obtaining a number of competitive advantages, related to functioning of foreign corporations on its territory. Further research will tackle government programs to create appropriate legislation with regulation of incentives to attract foreign TNC and the system of the shock absorbers against possible negative consequences of transnationalization.

Abstract. Introduction. The process of building productive capacities requires an effective investment policy. However, in the future it remains an acute problem for the investment of production development, modernization and reconstruction of agricultural enterprises. Purpose. The aim of this study is to assess the state of the investment activities of the agricultural sector of Ukraine and defining directions of its activation. Methods. To achieve this goal we used the method: analytical and monographic - the study of literature, legislative or other legal acts; structural and functional - for the analysis of changes in the agricultural sector in the implementation of agrarian reform; statistical and economic - the collection, processing of statistical data, studies of the dynamics of economic parameters of development of the domestic agricultural sector. Results. It assesses the state of the investment activity of the agrarian sector of Ukraine. The basic reasons for the decline in investment activity in the agricultural economy. Considered the criteria of attractiveness and the priority sectors of Ukrainian economy. Originality. The directions of activization of investment activity on the basis of formation of the national, sectoral, regional and other investment programs and the conditions of increase of efficiency of use of budgetary funds for investment projects. Conclusion. Growing investment activity will be achieved by focusing on the priorities of the agricultural sector, through the development of national, sectoral, regional and other investment programs.

The possibilities seem to us very important and those which outweigh risks and open wide the way to improve the living conditions within the territorial areas. These include: attracting grant support from other donors and the budgets of all lev els. mediating principles of the Project to other areas and the development agenda of local councils, the world's receipt of a positive experience of fundraising, improving the socio-economic status at the level of rural areas, improve morale (level of consciousness) of citizens in rural areas.

Introduction. The modern role of investment attractiveness of marine ports in Ukraine is revealed. The strategic directions of the development of the marine ports of Ukraine are outlined: increasing the competitiveness of the port industry through improved cargo handling; modernization and development of objects of the port infrastructure of general use, in particular automobile and railway access roads; provision of effective state regulation of specialized services provided in the seaport by natural monopolies and services, the fee for which is included in the port dues; improvement of the document circulation system, simplification of permitting procedures, reduction of cargo handling time; creation of conditions for the development of fair competition between the seaports of our country and others.Purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of investment attractiveness of seaports for improving the economic situation in Ukraine.Methods. The main directions of state regulation of inflow of investments for the growth of the economy as a whole are determined.Results. These are the existing positive aspects of the investment attractiveness of seaports. Originality. The main directions of increase of investment attractiveness of marine ports in Ukraine are proposed: expansion of infrastructure; increase of space for logistics; increase in production through the use of information technology.Conclusion. Investment attractiveness of sea ports of Ukraine requires urgent transformations, the liberalization of property relations, updating and modernization of the material and technical bases, and the introduction of a modern model of the functioning of marine ports. Private investors possess a large number of opportunities and sources for attracting financial and other resources that are difficult to access for the government. Investors are also well oriented in the advanced market trends, this fact makes them effective participants in the port business.

Real and effective counteraction of system corruption - it is defining condition of justice and influence of the law. At the same time state as a general civilizational institutional phenomenon, has the right not only produce normative legal acts of the highest validity (laws) of anti-corruption contents and to create power institutes and regulatory bodies are aimed to counteract actively system corruption in the country. In separate situations and cases it is about use of monopoly of the state on tough counteraction to this phenomenon. System corruption and first of all the VIP corruption provokes backwardness of the country, permanent social and economic regress, preserves it on a roadside of world progress. It is established that one of ways of usurpation of the power is imperiously oligarchical corruption - combination of political and economic corruption, which is shown by merge of business and policy, the direction of efforts of oligarchical circles to monopolization of the power. In order that anti-corruption reforms showed the result expected by society result in the form of sentences and confiscations of illegally acquired property, it is necessary also the operating system anti-corruption counteractions is adjusted. At the same time such imperatives as independent investigation, independent prosecutor's office and independent court and inevitable responsibility is guaranteed, have to concern first of all officials, whose positions refer to category "A": ex-presidents, People's Deputies, cabinet ministers, ministers and their deputies, heads of public services and committees, and also all is various structure of an administrative and bureaucratic system.

Introduction. Since gaining independence, Kazakhstan has come a long way of establishing and improving the system of budgetary regulation. Currently, the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan is working on the Concept of Public Finance Management of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2030. One of the main approaches to the formation and implementation of budgetary policy in the new conditions is to increase the efficiency and economic return of budget expenditures. As you know, budget investments for the growth of the country's economy have a multiplier effect. In the realities of today, budget investments are relevant both from the side of the implementation of such investment projects and the management of budget investments. Revision of conceptual policies requires a revision of the definition of budget investment.Target. The article analyzes the concept of "budgetary investments". The study takes into account the opinion of prominent economists on the basis of a theoretical review and the available scientific and methodological literature on the research topic.Research methods. The methodological apparatus of this study on the issue of defining the concept of "budget investments" in Kazakhstan in the context of the need to improve the efficiency of these investments is based on the methods of empirical and comparative analysis, vertical and horizontal analysis and the method of expert assessments. The question of the need for a clear definition and expansion of the existing conceptual apparatus in terms of the regulation of budgetary investments of the Republic of Kazakhstan is formulated on the basis of scientific research and the use of various approaches and methodological foundations.Results. The study made it possible to propose the author's definition of this concept, and to determine the need for a clear classification of budget investments in order to further approve the mechanisms for determining priorities and criteria for choosing a particular investment project, the structure of the budget process as a whole.Perspectives. The expediency of further study and development of proposals on the methodology for auditing the effectiveness of budget investments in the Republic of Kazakhstan in order to achieve socio-economic results from each invested tenge has been determined.

Introduction. Foreign direct investment occupies a significant place in financial flows and creates tools through which stable and long-term ties between countries are formed. Investment flows, which are both balanced and geographically and conjunctively disproportionate, can have positive and negative consequences for the host country's economy. Particular attention should be paid to the qualitative parameters of the foreign investment process, which include the country of origin of investments, that is, their geographical location.Purpose. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive study of the geographical structure of foreign direct investment in Ukraine throughout the time-period of our country's existence as an independent participant in the process of foreign investment.Method (methodology). In the process of researching the selected topic, the following methods were used: monographic – in order to study the results of existing analytical research, the object of which is the process of foreign investment in Ukraine and its aspect as the geographical structure of foreign investments is investigated; method of calculating the relative values of the structure – for the research of the geographical structure of foreign direct investment in Ukraine, which made it possible to abstract from a specific numerical expression of the volume of parts of the population; tabular – for submission of analytical information about the object of research; graphic – for visual presentation of the obtained statistical data on the geographical structure of foreign direct investment in Ukraine. Results. International investment activity has a significant impact on the geographical structure of FDI in Ukraine. During the study period (1995 - the end of 2019) the main investors were European countries. They exported to Ukraine annually about 50 % of the total invested capital, and in 2006-2011s, this figure reached 70 %. Investments from the European Union play a crucial role in Ukraine's foreign direct investment process.According to the research, over the past 25 years there have been significant transformations in the territorial geographical structure of FDI in Ukraine. First of all, the number of investor countries has increased and the role of leaders, such as the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, has decreased. The role of investments from offshore countries and countries equated to them, such as Cyprus, Belize, the Bahamas, the British Virgin Islands, the Netherlands and others, has significantly increased. If in early 1995 the share of investments from these countries was about 11%, then at the beginning of 1998 this figure was 20 %, at the beginning of 2008 - 33%, at the beginning of 2011 – 51 %, and at the end of 2019 - 60 % respectively. It should be noted that there is no significant investment from South America, such as Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela, the industrialized countries of East and Southeast Asia and China, which is one of the 10 leading countries in the world. In this direction, promising investment cooperation should be expanded by concluding investment agreements taking into account the interests of future investors.Perspectives. In our opinion, promising in the future are studies of sectoral and territorial structure of FDI in terms of the largest countries of investors, assessment of their impact on the economic development of Ukraine in order to make effective management decisions in attracting foreign investors.