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Thinking about islands in a global context offers a perspective that underlines the interconnectedness and flows in new ways that facilitate our understanding of the differences and disparities that are produced and even enforced through long-standing and ongoing global processes. Looking at social, cultural and economic processes in the contemporary clustering of islands that comprise sub-national island jurisdictions underlines the ways in which the intense circulation of commodities, people and ideas, connections and flows are now accentuated in an era of globalization. Gupta and Ferguson (1992: 16) suggest that globalization "differentiates the world as it connects it" and it is from this vantage point that sub-national island jurisdictions may provide an effective lens through which disparities can be viewed. Global economic processes shape and reshape islands in complex and complicated ways, and islanders have long been engaging, accommodating, resisting, embracing and initiating such changes. T he framework and analyses of the diverse experiences of sub-national island jurisdictions highlights the agency of islanders and their political machinery in ways that counter representations of island jurisdictions as dependent, spatially peripheralized and fiscally constrained. It is instructive to examine the experience of a range of islands with the same set of governance issues and structures as PEI. ; peer-reviewed

School leadership is situated within a context of social and political factors that work to distribute power while also holding it in check. There are connections between how societal political structures facilitate democratic participation and the operation of schools. Educational leadership straddles the interface between proactive agency and the politics of social control. This tension between holding and using authority, yet acceding to political and social practice, is one which many school leaders face. Research studies conducted in two island nations, Jersey (Channel Islands) and Tonga (Pacific Islands), in different hemispheres of the world, illustrated contrasting forms of educational service and different challenges for school principals. As island communities, the context was clearly definable and provided a set of variables that were manifested through sector processes. The principals held pivotal roles that were molded by the contextual factors which shaped the delivery of educational practice. School principals in Jersey and Tonga illustrated how leadership is complicated if the purposes leadership should serve are unclear or contested (O'Brien, Murphy, and Draper 2003).

In the late 1990s, the words 'Okinawa' and 'problem' are almost synonymous. The 'problem,' as most commonly understood, is that these lush, semi-tropical Japanese southern islands host a huge U.S. military base structure, which their people clearly do not want. But there are other reasons for seeing Okinawa as problem-bound. I believe that Okinawa is a microcosm through which the unsustainability of the Japanese system as a whole becomes visible. The poverty of a simply 'cut the bases; expand development' formula for the future of Okinawa is demonstrated by the fact that the Japanese government now insists that the only way forward is to combine both, bases and development, and promises to do just that. Certainly, the bases should be removed, but just as certainly, I believe, development must be re-thought.

Members of Sensingsite discuss their history as a landscape inquiry platform and their current activities on Mersea Island since the writing of Mer-is-land-is-Sea by Susan Trangmar. Mersea Island lies between the Blackwater and Colne Rivers in Essex, England. Sensingsite is an art practice-based research collective developing arts-based responses to the political, material, and sensory natures of site, place, and space. It takes critical, experimental, and improvisational approaches to research methodologies, with a particular interest in non-linear and collaborative ways of knowing.

With a population of just 9 million, Hainan is China's smallest province. It is also China's southernmost province. This presents the island with a unique opportunity to offer specialized national services that speak to its natural competitive assets: its islandness, its tourism potential, its proximity to the equator-significant for rocket launch facilities-and its location as the natural gateway to the South China Sea. At the same time, and in spite of its 30-km strait from mainland China, and the difficulties of constructing a fixed link over the typhoonprone Hainan Strait, Hainan has the opportunity to operate as a 'near' island, pursuing niche development goals supported by Beijing; while enhancing its jurisdictional status and leveraging this in order to consolidate its status as a province supporting strong economic growth. This exploratory chapter offers a first insight into how distance from the mainland (and from central government) impacts on an island's ability to determine its own destiny. It does so by adopting a global perspective and examining the manner in which near islands and remote islands have (a) nurtured different levels ofjurisdictional status and autonomy; and (b) used that jurisdictional resource, where available, to chart their own development path, in ways that may be similar, complementary, different, and outright in opposition to mainland ambitions and plans. In these ongoing relationships, remote islands have a much stronger likelihood of departing from mainland agendas than near islands. ; peer-reviewed

"Jurisdiction" is not a neutral, passive or static term. It does not simply suggest a space, a place or territoriality. It signifies a legitimate and constitutionally engrained political autonomy that is thus recognized and respected by other players. It suggests a repository of powers that political actors are entitled to use, and which they may misuse, abuse, or not use at all. It proffers a series of levers, drivers or tools that allow policy makers to tweak and craft the development trajectory of their land and its citizens in specific directions. In other words, jurisdiction is a resource. In recognizing PEl as a jurisdiction in this very active and strategic sense, the emphasis is not on being a small province, but on being a Province. ; peer-reviewed

This paper challenges a conventional wisdom: that when discussing political systems, small is democratic. And yet, can there be paradises without serpents? The presumed manageability of small island spaces promotes and nurtures dispositions for domination and control over nature and society. In such dark circumstances, authoritarian rule is a more natural fit than democracy. By adopting an inter-disciplinary perspective, this paper argues that small island societies may be wonderful places to live in, as long as one conforms to a dominant cultural code. Should one deviate from expected and established practices, the threat of ostracism is immense. Formal democratic institutions may and often do exist, and a semblance of pluralism may be manifest, but these are likely to be overshadowed by a set of unitarist and homogenous values and practices to which many significant social players, in politics and civil society, subscribe (at least in public). ; peer-reviewed

Maps numbered 1 through 50 on folded leaves in pockets. ; The section on climate was written by David I. Blumenstock; the section on water resources by Max H. Carson. ; Bibliography: 203-205. ; Mode of access: Internet.

International audience ; In this chapter we build on the observation that island economies, and especially small ones (population below one million), exhibit a remarkably wide range of economic structures built on a correspondingly wide range of development strategies. Common elements of "islandness" may serve to define island economies as a general class, but there clearly exist several distinct "species" within that class, and a corresponding menu of strategic options open to islander communities in relation to the terms of their incorporation into the global economy. The chapter has two important messages. First, there is no unique path to development. Second, in small economies, the social capital and "institutions" emphasized in the recent development literature (Hall & Jones, 1999; Acemoglu et al., 2002; Rodrik et al., 2004) have to be understood as incorporating the ability to achieve and sustain community-wide strategic consensus around a particular development specialization, along with sufficient flexibility to switch to alternatives as and when the field of external opportunities changes.

International audience ; In this chapter we build on the observation that island economies, and especially small ones (population below one million), exhibit a remarkably wide range of economic structures built on a correspondingly wide range of development strategies. Common elements of "islandness" may serve to define island economies as a general class, but there clearly exist several distinct "species" within that class, and a corresponding menu of strategic options open to islander communities in relation to the terms of their incorporation into the global economy. The chapter has two important messages. First, there is no unique path to development. Second, in small economies, the social capital and "institutions" emphasized in the recent development literature (Hall & Jones, 1999; Acemoglu et al., 2002; Rodrik et al., 2004) have to be understood as incorporating the ability to achieve and sustain community-wide strategic consensus around a particular development specialization, along with sufficient flexibility to switch to alternatives as and when the field of external opportunities changes.

Este artículo se centra en un fenómeno relativamente reciente: el uso de la narrativa de San Borondón como un instrumento utópico para la construcción nacional canaria (desde finales del diecinueve, continuando de forma fragmentaria y heterogénea hasta nuestros días). Ya que San Borondón es uno de los motivos más populares del imaginario canario no es sorprendente que se haya utilizado para articular una conciencia nacional canaria. Resulta interesante el modo en el que la narrativa irlandesa permea y distorsiona diversas formulaciones de utopías nacionales o nacionalistas canarias. Por un lado los constructores de la nación canaria se apropian de esta historia para formular un horizonte político, pero por otro, la historia infecta este nuevo discurso, haciendo que el horizonte se vuelva inestable y utópico. En este artículo se analizan diversos ejemplos de utopía insular, procedentes de una variedad de fuentes que abarcan desde el final del siglo diecinueve hasta los años ochenta del pasado siglo. ; This paper focuses on a relatively recent phenomenon: the appropriation of Saint Brendan's narrative as a tool for utopian Canary Islands nation-building. Being one of the favourite lenses of the Canary Islands imagination it is not surprising that the construction of Canary Islands national consciousness (a highly heterogeneous and, till recently, somewhat marginal, process that stretches from the end of the 19th century up to our days) mines the Irish narrative for its own purposes. Nonetheless what is most interesting is the way in which the Irish narrative haunts representations of (national-ist) Canary Islands utopias. Thus, it is not only that Canary Islands nation-builders appropriate the story of Saint Brendan in order to forge their political horizon, but also that the story infects, in turn, their discourse, rendering their horizon utopian. In this paper I look at how such dynamics are instantiated in a number of sources, stretching from the late 19th Century up to the 1980s.

Marine and coastal tourism in the small islands is one of the fastest-groing trourist activiities compared to the other tourism activities. However, along with the explosive growth of tourism activity, tourism has a potential impact on the small island; hence, the sustainability of tourism itself is questionable. This research was conducted in July-August 2021 on Pari Island, Seribu Islands Regency. This study aims to determine the impact of tourism development on the people's lives on Pari Island from the economic, socio-cultural, and political dimensions. The data were collected through a questionnaire with 317 respondents who were the head of the family; therefore, the data will analyze descriptively. The impact of tourism from the economic dimension is the development of livelihoods, reduced unemployment, improved quality of life, increased wages and income levels, despite an increase in the cost of living happened. From the socio-cultural dimension, there are limited residential areas for people who have moved to and from Pari Island. Then, it is known that tourism does not influence the local community's cultural changes. Meanwhile, from the political dimension, the community has been included in making decisions regarding tourism on this island.

A Japanese airbase on the Pacific Island of Iwo Jima gave the island vital military significance, A young marine finds himself in the frontline of the seaborne invasion force taking part in one of World War II's fiercest battles. This is his story.

The notion of 'transition' as used to describe the recent drawdown of the decade-long Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) provides an obvious departure point for considering what other transformations – social, political and economic – are under way in the archipelagic nation. Yet the contributions to this special issue collectively reject the teleological language of transition and transformation deployed by many development actors in favour of a more nuanced and historically informed understanding of the central dialect between change and continuity, with change in Solomon Islands occurring slowly and in distinctly non-linear ways. This dialectic is traced and interrogated in various ways by the contributors to this issue. One broad theme concerns the contested narratives of changing state–society relations and, in particular, those between the central government and the rural localities where most Solomon Islanders continue to reside. Another is the changing social relations around land and natural resources engendered by ongoing processes of globalisation and persistent patterns of demographic change, migration and urbanisation. These and other processes of historical change, including state formation and capital accumulation, are also shaped by the enduring realities of scale and distance integral to Solomon Islands archipelagic geography. In this essay we explore these themes of change and continuity in Solomon Islands, positioning the individual contributions within this larger trajectory of slow-paced and distinctly non-linear change. Drawing heuristically on RAMSI's genesis in the statebuilding moment that dominated international relations during the first decade of this century, we also examine the distinction between 'state-building' and 'state formation' in the Solomon Islands context and, in doing so, contrast the tropes of state failure, weakness and fragility against narratives of resilience, tenacity, innovation and experimentation.

The Faroe Islands (Faroes) is an archipelago consisting of 18 islands about halfway between Norway and Iceland, 320 kilometres north-northwest of Scotland (62°00′N 06°47′W). The islands cover a land area of 1,400 km². The maritime economic zone is approximately 274,000 km².