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Fourteen disabled persons used a one-hand chordic device for typing. This keyboard was designed to minimize physical exertion and to inhibit unwanted psychomotor reactions so as to facilitate its use by persons with cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, and related disorders. The keyboard fits the fingers of one hand. A character is typed by pressing a combination of fingers corresponding to a typing code developed earlier. Typing rates of text transcription ranged from 8 to 14 words/min after 5 h of practice. These results indicated that the physical configuration and cognitive operation of a chordic keyboard would permit disabled persons to use computers.

Looking at musical globalization and vocal music, this collection of essays studies the complex relationship between the human voice and cultural identity in 20th- and 21st-century music in both East Asian and Western music. The authors approach musical meaning in specific case studies against the background of general trends of cultural globalization and the construction/deconstruction of identity produced by human (and artificial) voices. The essays proceed from different angles, notably sociocultural and historical contexts, philosophical and literary aesthetics, vocal technique, analysis o

This volume offers the first systematic exploration of the past as manifested in music of the later Middle Ages and the early modern period. It takes the reader on a journey of discovery across the continent, from the genesis of a new sense of a musical past in early thirteenth-century Paris to the complex and diverse roles and pedigrees given music of the past in sources, media, genres, communities, and regions in the Age of Reformations. Particular attention is given to the use of older styles and musical traditions in changing constructions of religious and political identity, laying the groundwork for a revised narrative of European music history that accommodates within its framework the full plurality of styles and regions found in the sources. The volume concludes with reflections on the conflicting appropriations and effects of the musical past today in composition, performance, musicological discourse, and tourism.

Introduction/purpose: This paper provides an overview of research on computer system vulnerabilities caused by compromised electromagnetic radiation by wireless keyboards. Wireless devices that use event-triggered communication have been shown to have critical privacy issues due to the inherent leakage associated with radio frequency emissions. Wireless connectivity technology is a source of signal emanation that must be protected in terms of performance and security. Methods: Wireless device vulnerabilities and side-channel attacks are observed, along with electromagnetic emission of radio waves. Results: The findings highlight a specific wireless keyboard's security and encryption flaws. The results of penetration testing reveal vulnerabilities of targeted wireless keyboards in terms of outdated firmware, encryption, wireless reliability, and connection strength. Conclusion: Wireless keyboards have security flaws that disrupt radio communication, giving a malicious user complete access to the computer to which the keyboard is connected. An attacker can steal sensitive data by observing how the system works using compromised electromagnetic emissions.

Scholars are increasingly turning to rock'n'roll and its many genres as a means of exploring the recent past. What is electrifying about popular music in all its myriad forms is that it becomes a channel for rethinking social relations and affective communities (those held together by emotional ties) in the post-war period. These new identities and unconventional groupings exploded onto national societies, and their emancipatory programmes and inventive scenes drove democratisation. Societal responses to rock'n'roll indicate that popular music and the spaces where it manifested were highly contested, confrontations that enable scholars to reconsider historical narratives from alternative perspectives. Perhaps most importantly, as an expressive genre both driving and recording change, popular music is uniquely positioned to initiate and then document, through its material output, the efforts by individuals to alter everyday life and, as such, is an ideal vehicle for exploring the tremendous transformations that society has undergone in the post-war era.

Este artigo trata das relações entre os três conceitos do título,sendo quea música é trabalhada como fonte histórica para resgatar um pouco dedois movimentos até certo ponto opostos: a ditadura militar no Brasile ofim da ditadura em Portugal. Também se procura examinar como amemória se constituiu num espaço de lutas no qual a MPB desempenhouum importante papel ao gravar músicas cujos temas a censura e arepressão tentaram jogar no esquecimento. ; This article concerns therelationship between the three concepts of the title, withthe objective ofevaluating music as an historical source in the analysis of two nearlyopposite historicalevents: the military dictatorship in Brazil and the end of thedictatorship in Portugal.The article also examines how memories of lyrics fromBrazilian Popular Music(MPB) became an important space of struggle when themilitary regime attemptedto suppress and thus relegate to the forgotten therecorded songs through censorship.

Music's ability to stimulate the emotions has long been fundamental to the aesthetics and reception of India's elite rāga-based traditions. These emotions are generally studied aesthetically through the lens of 'rasa': the Sanskrit theory that proposes the musician's role is to stimulate one of nine distilled emotional essences (rasas) that is 'tasted' by the audience. But here I ask the inverse question: what emotions arose when historical listeners were threatened with the loss of that crucial source of emotional stimulus; and how were those negative emotions expressed through historical texts? In this paper, I consider the Hayy al-Arwāh, a music treatise and tazkira (biographical collection) written by an ex-Mughal official from Delhi living in exile in Patna c. 1785–88, Miyan Zia-ud-din 'Zia'. Zia-ud-din's work reveals much about the emotions felt by musicians and music lovers affected by the violent political upheaval centred on late Mughal Delhi c1740–80 – but not in obvious ways. For such an emotional subject, his writing is curiously dispassionate. Nevertheless, I argue that his writing was impelled by one very powerful emotion in particular: anxiety. In order to approach the question I examine some alternative ways we might get at the emotional resonances of texts like the Hayy al-Arwāh: through genre, in this case the tazkira; the etic observations of modern neuroscience; and a turn outwards to writings of more emotionally loquacious contemporaries, here the Urdu poet Mir Taqi 'Mir'. I argue it is precisely Zia-ud-din's detatched attention to detail, as he traced hundreds of lost and scattered musicians and listeners, that reveals the emotional driving force behind the writing of the Hayy al-Arwāh to be a deep and abiding anxiety engendered by the very real existential threat of war and exile to the music of late Mughal Delhi. In writing the Hayy al-Arwāh, Zia-ud-din acted as witness and record keeper for his community to insure against the potential loss of the music of his beloved homeland. At the ...

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of figures -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction: putting Viennese electronic music on the map -- Part I -- 1 Vienna, the city of music: from Mozart to Conchita Wurst -- Part II -- 2 Vienna Electronica as scene and industry: between cultivated provincialism and cosmopolitanism -- Part III -- 3 Between rock and electronic music, or the pleasures of sin(ging) -- 4 Kruder and Dorfmeister: the studio(us) remixers -- 5 The cool ambience of Tosca -- 6 Sofa Surfers: surfing and post-rocking -- 7 Patrick Pulsinger: the happy techno kid -- 8 Peter Rehberg, Christian Fennesz and the Label Mego: between Glitch and Bécs -- 9 Women in a mixed world: Electric Indigo and Sweet Susie -- Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Index.

Objective: We explore how to optimally design systems for information input. Background: As computers are introduced into ever more devices with new methods of inputting information, there is a need for specialized systems that are optimally designed for their particular use. Method: The study demonstrates how to use a model of text entry times to build optimized keyboards for specific sets of text. The technique is demonstrated by using Fitts' law to model text entry times. Alphabet letters are assigned to keys in a way that minimizes predicted entry time for the specified set of text. The predicted entry times are validated by an experiment in which two keyboards are optimized for different sets of text. Results: Text entry is faster for the keyboard optimized for that text compared with the keyboard optimized for the other text. Learning to use the keyboards is fairly quick, with significant learning being observed after only one half-hour session. Conclusion: There is a need and an ability to design specialized keyboards for some situations. The study demonstrates that optimization of keyboards can decrease text entry times. Application: This research shows how to design optimized keyboards for many different situations. The approach should be useful for aviation, medical, industrial, and other specialized situations in which normal keyboard designs cannot be used.

of Volume I -- 1. General Introduction -- 2. Tone- and Scale-Systems -- 3. Historical Survey -- a. Before the advent of the Hindus -- b. Hindu-Java -- c. The post-Hindu period -- 4. Central and East Java -- a. Introduction -- b. Vocal music -- c. Instruments -- d. Orchestras -- e. Structure, nature and use of the dif ferent compositions -- f. Notation -- Chapters. West Java -- a. Introduction (a comparison of Sundanese with Javanese and Balinese music, both instrumental and vocal; the impression made on the Western mind; something about vocal music) -- b. Instruments -- c. Orchestras -- d. Forms of composition, and their use.