Suchergebnisse

Food creates, maintains, negotiates and expresses various kinds of social identities. Yet, conceptions of food and foodways can also change to signify very different things as social changes happen. An overview of how the interplay of food, social change and identity has long interested researchers brings together anthropologists, archaeologists, area studies specialists, linguists and food policy administrators in this book to ponder over the following questions: What triggers change? What kinds of changes in food and foodways are happening? How are the changes impacting on identity politics? The discussions cross time and space to provide insights into many themes such as food and power, food and environment, food and nationalism as well as food and social policy.

Singapore, a young nation like many developed countries, faced a shortage of nurses. Attempts to resolve the workforce shortage through the employment of foreign nurses started in the mid-1980s. Over the years, workforce recruitment from traditional sources nearby, namely Malaysia and Philippines, has expanded to include nurses from countries such as People Republic of China, India, and Myanmar. Attempts have also been made to train, recruit, and retain local nurses such as improving working conditions and remunerations, raising the profile of nursing, improving career recognition and progression, and encouraging nonpracticing nurses back to the workforce. However, the institutions' and the government's attempts to ameliorate the nursing shortage were met with limited success. Even with the recruitment of foreign nurses, the shortage of workforce persists. The shortage is compounded by the three major health-care challenges confronting Singapore: (1) rapid growth in population; (2) rapid aging of the population; and (3) increasing burden of chronic diseases. As the population continues to grow and as more of the population ages, as life expectancy increases and the burden of chronic diseases increases, not only will the demand for nurses continue, but the intensity and the nursing care they require will also increase. This article describes the challenges confronting the practice of nursing in Singapore and their implications. Although these challenges are daunting, they offer nursing the unprecedented opportunities to shape health-care delivery systems and increase nursing influences everywhere across settings and along the delivery continuum.

Economic development in Indonesia is essentially building a whole person, so that it can improve people's welfare. Community welfare is one of the goals of the SDGs and is a reflection of the success of development carried out by the government, measured using the Human Development Index (HDI). Bali's HDI as a whole continues to increase, but the difference in HDI figures that is quite far between the districts / cities in Bali is an important problem to overcome. This difference shows that there is an inequality between regions. The research objectives to be achieved are: 1) to analyze the influence of the ratio gini, non-food expenditure per capita, and capital expenditure on poverty in the regency / city of Bali Province; 2) To analyze the influence of the ratio gini, non-food expenditure per capita capital expenditure and poverty on the welfare of the people in the regency / city of Bali Province; and 3) To analyze the influence of the ratio gini, non-food expenditure per capita and capital expenditure through poverty on the welfare of the people in the regency / city of Bali Province. The analysis technique uses path analysis and the results of Gini ratio research and capital expenditure have no effect on the number of poor people while non-food expenditure has a positive and significant effect. The results of testing the Gini Ratio variable on public welfare, this ratio, non-food expenditure and the number of poor people have a positive and significant effect on the welfare of society while capital expenditure has no influence.Keyword : gini ratio, HDI, number of poor people, capital expenditureJEL Classification:E65, H76

The family business is a business family members have developed, whose ownership and policy-making are dominated by members of a group with emotional kinship. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the management succession patterns including a personality system, a family system, a ownership right system and a management system become the primary factors determining the success of the family business The results of the study, using Partial Least Square showed Family System variable, had significant influence on Sustainability Family Business Meanwhile, Personality System, Ownership System and Personality system variables had no significant effects on Sustainability of the family business. ; peer-reviewed

Tibu sampi waterfall is a waterfall that has the potentiality and opportunities to be developed into a tourist attraction. However, the development of this waterfall has not been optimally reached. This study aims to determine the development of Tibu Sampi Waterfall as a tourist attraction. This study uses qualitative data with data sources in the form of primary data and secondary data. Data sources are obtained through observation, interview and documentation techniques with the technique of determining individual sample selection. The results of this study indicate that there are internal and external obstacles in the development of Tibu Waterfall as a tourist attraction. The internal obstacles are divided into three, namely the limited capital owned by Gunung Salak village; lack of adequate human resources in the field of tourism; and lack of promotion in the development of tourist attractions. The external obstacle is lack of contributions from investors. Of the various obstacles faced and slowing down the development of Tibu Waterfall as a tourist attraction, the community must create several efforts including the government or related parties to provide tourism education and training to the local community; to improve tourism products; to disseminate information in the form of brochures and guidebooks; to improve structuring and infrastructure; to cooperate with investors; to make local culture an attraction for tourists; and to develope tour packages. Keywords: Study of development, tourist attraction, Gunung Salak Village, Tibu Sampi Waterfall

The high level of open unemployment in the districts/cities of Bali Province is not in line with the high minimum wage applied and the lower level of labor force participation. This study aims to analyze both the short and long term district minimum wages (UMK), gross regional domestic product (GRDP), labor force participation rates (LFPR) and education on open unemployment in all districts/cities of Bali Province for the period of 2006 to 2017. This study uses error correction model (ECM) analysis techniques. The research findings showed that in the short term the UMK and TPAK had a negative and significant effect on open unemployment; in the long run UMK, GRDP, and TPAK had a positive effect on open unemployment; the education elasticity had the greatest effect on open unemployment compared to other variables. This fact demands the Provincial Government of Bali to be more proactive in improving vocational education so that open unemployment will decrease.

People are increasingly growing older. Growing older is likely to come with, for example, decreasing mobility and therefore increasing dependency. This can reduce the social connected- ness of older people. As an effect, a social challenge is growing: loneliness. In response to this challenge, local governments offer mobility services that the elderly can use to go out. However, from our test bed of a mobility product-service system for seniors, we learned that many such services focus too much on transporting people from A to B, while the user experience of the service leaves room for improvement. In this paper we discuss how a demand responsive transport system, set-up as a social innovation, improves social connectedness, instead of delivering mobility alone. We found that the service itself provides social satisfaction, and that the service was not necessarily used for social activities. Rather, the service was used for activities of daily life.

Designing with and for People with Dementia: Wellbeing, Empowerment and Happiness is the International Conference 2019 of the MinD Consortium, the DRS Special Interest Group on Behaviour Change and the DRS Special Interest Group on Wellbeing and Happiness, hosted by the Technische Universität Dresden, in Dresden, Germany. The conference proceedings provide trans-disciplinary contributions for researchers, practitioners, end-users and policy makers from the design and health care professions in terms of new findings, approaches and methods for using design to improve dementia care and to support people with dementia and their carers. The conference has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 691001, and from the DFG German Research Foundation.

This study consists of 4 independent variables namely the level of understanding of taxpayers, tax sanctions, taxpayer environment, and taxpayer awareness. While the dependent variable is the level of taxpayer compliance. The purpose of the study is to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of the level of understanding of taxpayers, tax penalties, taxpayer environment, and taxpayer awareness at the level of individual taxpayer compliance. The study was conducted at Tax Office Pratama Badung Utara. Samples obtained as many as 100 respondents based on random sampling technique that is taking the respondents randomly.The analysisstechnique is used multiple linearrregression analysis. The resultsoof this study indicateethat the influence of the level of understanding taxpayers haveaaa positive effect on taxpayer complianceelevel. Taxation sanctions, taxpayer environment, and taxpayeraawareness have a negative effect on taxpayer compliance level. Keywords:understanding of taxpayers, taxation sanctions, environmental taxpayers, taxpayer awareness and taxpayer compliance.

Recently, the first human medicine containing a genetically modified organism (GMO medicine) was authorized for use in the European market. Just as any medicinal product, the market authorization for a GMO medicine contains a precise description of the therapeutic use for which the medicinal product is intended. Within this use, the application of the GMO medicine is permitted, without the need for the institution to obtain a specific permit. In practice, however, medicinal products are also frequently prescribed for treatment outside the registered therapeutic use, a practice that is referred to as "off-label use." While off-label use of conventional medicines is permitted and has been very useful, the off-label use of GMO medicines is not covered in the European Union (EU) legislation or guidelines and falls under each member state's national environmental legislation. This implies that in the Netherlands and most other EU member states, an environmental permit will be required for any institution that uses the GMO medicine outside the registered application(s). In the Netherlands, this permit is identical to the permits required for the execution of clinical trials involving nonregistered GMOs. The application procedure for such permit is time-consuming. This process can therefore limit the therapeutic options for medical professionals. As a consequence, desired treatment regimens could be withheld for certain patient (groups). To make future off-label use of GMO medicines permissible in a way that is acceptable for all stakeholders, regulators should adopt a proactive attitude and formulate transparent legislative procedures for this. Only then the field can maintain the public acceptance of GMO medicines, while maintaining the freedom to operate of medical professionals.

In an earlier study on respiratory infections in Singapore military recruits, four influenza C virus (FLUCV) infections were detected out of the 1354 samples collected. All four isolates were detected in 2006, and their whole genome was completely sequenced and analysed. Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin esterase fusion (HEF) gene revealed that all four Singapore isolates belonged to the C/Japan‐Kanagawa/1/76‐related lineage. However, the genes of the four FLUCV isolates had origins from several different lineages, and the genome composition resembles that of the C/Japan‐Miyagi/9/96‐like strains that had been circulating in Japan between 1996 and 2000.

ABSTRACT This research was conducted by using qualitative research methods with the aim to be able to answer the research question related to how Indonesia complies with the International Plan of Action on Illegal, Unreported, Unregulated Fishing (IPOA-IUUF) regime in managing illegal fisheries in waters area. This research attempts to explain Indonesia's compliance with the international regime to deal with the problem of illegal fisheries. Although Indonesia's compliance with the rules of the IPOA-IUUF regime is carried out based on the calculation of profit and interest in handling with creating good fisheries governance for the country without IUU Fishing. The results of this research are description of the Indonesia's compliance with the IPOA-IUUF regime, the establishment of a national action plan in Ministerial Decree number 50 of 2012 is Indonesia's compliance. So, Indonesia is compliant with the IPOA-IUUF regime based on the existence of national, regional legislation and international active roles. Keyword: Indonesia, IUU Fishing, IPOA-IUUF regime, compliance

Abstract Background Transplantable organs are scarce everywhere. Therefore, countries have developed policies to support the efficient use of potential donors. Nevertheless, the shortage of organs remains. Were these policies in vain? The aim of this study is to assess the impact of donor policies on donor procurement in 10 Western European countries from 1995 to 2005. Method To assess the impact of the donor policies we studied the conversion of potential donors into effectuated donors. 80% of the donors died from CVAs or a (traffic) accident. We considered these mortality rates to be a good proxy for potential donors. Here we call the conversion of potential donors into actual donors 'the donor efficiency rate by proxy'. Results The mortality rates for CVA and (traffic) accidents have decreased in the countries under study. At the same time, in most countries the donor efficiency rates have steadily increased. The variance in donor efficiency rates between countries has also increased from 1995 to 2005. Four countries introduced a new consent system or changed their existing system, without (visible) long-term effects. Conclusion The overall increase in donor efficiency means that the efforts to improve donor policies have paid off. However, substantial differences between countries were found. The success of donor policies in terms of the number of absolute donors is blurred by the success of policies on traffic safety and CVA treatment. It remains unclear which specific policy measures are responsible for the increase in donor efficiency rates. This increase is not related to having a presumed consent system. Furthermore, an analysis of countries that introduced a new consent system or changed their system showed no effect on donor efficiency.

Abstract Background The Dutch healthcare system and the roles of the government and citizens are changing. The government will be limiting its role in care and assistance, while citizens will be expected to increasingly care for themselves and each other. An important instrument to support this transformation involves utilizing people's social network, in the form of the Family Group Conference. Studies on the use of these Family Group Conferences within various sectors are promising. Whether the Family Group Conference is also effective within the integrated care system for young people with intellectual disability (ID) is not yet known. Methods In this study, anonymized file data were collected from 71 clients who had taken part in a Family Group Conference and a comparable group of 53 clients who had not. Information about the present areas of concern in the family was retrospectively collected and scored by means of a standardized protocol. In addition, information about received care and support from the integrated care system for young people with ID was collected. The areas of concern were assessed at two moments in time, with a 12-month interval. Resource use was assessed for the entire research period of 12 months. Results The problems in the group of clients who had taken part in a Family Group Conference greatly decreased over a period of twelve months. There was a much smaller decrease in the number of problems in the group that had not taken part in a Family Group Conference. Resource use did not significantly differ between conditions. Conclusions Our findings reveal that people with ID can also benefit from this approach, something which had been previously doubted. Support from the social network, however, does not substitute formal care.

On the military training facility of Tekong Island, Singapore, a comprehensive vector-borne disease control program was started in end-2006 to reduce mosquito populations and negate the need for anti-malaria chemoprophylaxis. The program was based on 1) preventing importation of malaria through screening of visitors, 2) preventing human-to-mosquito transmission through early case detection and mosquito control, 3) preventing mosquito-to-human transmission through personal protection, and 4) contingency plans. Systematic environmental works were performed to reduce breeding sites, and insecticide use targeted both adult mosquitoes and larvae. Mosquito populations declined from 103 mosquitoes per sampling site in January 2007 to 6 per site by March 2007 (P < 0.001). The proportion of positive ovitraps declined from 93% in January 2007–2% in March 2007 (P < 0.001). There were no malaria cases on the island despite chemoprophylaxis termination, showing that comprehensive combination vector-control strategies were effective in reducing the risk of malaria.