Suchergebnisse

The general objective of the article was to discuss modern methods of crime prevention related to the excess of official power or authority in the system of public order. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of scientific knowledge. Thanks to its application, legal and social phenomena influencing the actions of law enforcement officers were analyzed. In the interconnection, the statistical data of the survey, on the judicial practice concerning the issues of abuse of power by law enforcement officers, were also studied. Over the past eight years, 391 judgments were rendered in Ukraine, 4258 decisions on procedural actions during the consideration of offenses under Article 365 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is concluded that measures to prevent crimes related to abuse of power should be comprehensive. In particular, they must be effectively correlated with the legislative framework of the policy of protection and prevention of abuse of power of the state.

The aim of the research was the examination of modern methods of crime prevention related to the excess of official power or authority in the law enforcement system. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, as the main method of objective and comprehensive analysis. The results highlight that over the past eight years in Ukraine 391 judgments, 4258 decisions on procedural actions were made during the consideration of crimes under Article 365 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The study of the Unified State Register of Judicial Decisions shows that the largest number of verdicts was pronounced in 2014 - 78, in 2015 - 58, in 2016 - 50, in 2017 - 46, the smallest number in 2018 - 28, in 2019 twice as much in comparison with the previous year - 46, in 2020 - 38, in 2021 - 47. Everything allows to conclude that, measures to prevent crimes related to abuse of power should be comprehensive. In particular, they must be effectively correlated with the legislative framework of the state's protection and prevention policy, which signify the essential basis of any substantive democracy.

Este trabajo está dividido en tres partes de alguna manera inconexas. Mi intención no fue crear transiciones artificiales. La primera sección es una transcripción editada de sólo una parte de lo que realmente sucedió en el estrado, lo orienta la pregunta ¿pueden los subalternos hablar ?. La segunda parte se asemeja a un artículo preparado. La tercera parte contiene las respuestas a una serie de preguntas: ¿De qué manera pueden las humanidades poner de manifiesto las intuiciones de la democracia en el más amplio sector racial, de diversificación de clase y de género de la población? ¿Qué significa enseñar las Humanidades? ¿Qué es la aporía integral de la democracia? ¿De qué manera nos enfrentamos al inevitable corporativismo de todo el sistema educativo? ¿Qué rol tiene el currículo? ¿Qué relación existe entre clase, raza, y educación liberal en nuestros países? ¿Qué relación existe entre una voluntad de justicia social y su ejecución? ¿Qué significa interpretar una historia de violencia y usarla sin acusación o excusa dentro de la interpretación más amplia por parte de los académicos? ¿Por qué la liberación nacional no es una revolución? ¿De qué manera combatimos lo antropocéntrico? ; This chapter is divided into three somewhat disjointed parts. I have not tried to create artificial transitions. The first section is an edited transcript of only part of what actually happened at the podium ¿can the subaltern speak?. The second part is something like a prepared paper. The third part is answers to a series of questions generated: how can the humanities produce the intuitions of democracy in the broadest possible race, class- and gender-diversified sector of the population? What is it to teach the humanities? What is the in-built aporia of democracy? How do we confront the inevitable corporatisation of the entire education system? What is the role of the curriculum? What is the relationship between class, race, and liberal education in our countries? What is the relationship between a will to social justice and enforcement? What is it to interpret a history of violence and use it without accusation or excuse within the broadest interpretation of the academy? Why is national liberation not a revolution? How do we combat the anthropocene?

The article is devoted to the analysis of law enforcement agencies' activities to search for missing persons. The purpose of the study is to examine the peculiarities of the analytical work of law enforcement agencies on missing person's search. The methodological bases are general scientific and special scientific methods and techniques of scientific knowledge (systemic, formal-logical, structural-functional, sociological, historical and axiological). It is concluded that the criteria for law enforcement agencies to search for missing persons are the general state of search work, search for certain categories of missing persons, trends and processes that cause missing persons, causes and conditions of missing persons, results of police operations and special operations conduct. It is determined that the consolidation and combination of efforts of different units and services during the search work helps to increase the number of facts of locating missing persons. Attention is paid to the identification of factors influencing the assessment of the search work. The state of the international search missing persons is analyzed. The necessity of using the positive experience of European countries in the outlined activities is substantiated.

The objective of the article was to analyze the problematic aspects of the judicial executive process, considering its properties and the classification of its stages. The methodological basis of the study are the general and special methods of scientific knowledge (inductive, analytical, hermeneutic, systemic and others). The results of the study include the analysis of scientific approaches to the essence, properties, classification of stages of the executive process and argumentation of theoretical proposals and informed practices. Moreover, the authors' conclusions on certain topics are set out, a new original definition of "stages of the executive process" and their original new classification is based. The practical importance of the results is that the conclusions and proposals made significantly enrich procedural science during the implementation of judicial decisions; it will be useful for the subjects of enforcement proceedings (implementing agents, parties to enforcement proceedings) in the exercise of their procedural rights and the performance of their procedural functions. The conclusions presented based on the analysis can be used to generalize executive practice.

Orders of payment are a process or procedure - depending on whether one or the other term has been chosen, how much of its design - special fast knowledge simple, inexpensive and that is based precisely in the possibility that the requirement or order/writ of payment is not controversial, and with this to be able to accede to an executive title of judicial character (an enforceable judgment). Here we propose an inclusive order of payments procedures of the types of obligations to be protected, monophasic and differentiated in the regulation of the order of payments procedural structure. It regulates the orders as special proceedings differentiated from the enforcement proceedings precisely because it assumes the legislative technique of restricted vision, it also does not regulate the "preparation of the executive" since the creditor is enough to file directly an order of payment to obtain quickly, simply and at a lower cost a judicial executive title (a judgment). From the comparative law it proposes the optimal design of an order of payment procedure for Argentina. ; El monitorio es un proceso o procedimiento —según se prefiera uno u otro término, habida cuenta de su diseño— especial de conocimiento rápido simple, de poco costo y que se asienta precisamente en la posibilidad de que el requerimiento o mandato de pago no sea controvertido, y con ello poder acceder a un título ejecutivo de carácter judicial (una sentencia). Aquí se propone un monitorio inclusivo de los tipos de obligaciones por tutelar, monofásico y diferenciado en la regulación del monitorio respecto de aquellos llamados "de estructura monitoria". Regula los procesos monitorios como procesos especiales diferenciados de la ejecución justamente porque asume en ello la técnica legislativa de visión restringida, además no regula la "preparación de la vía ejecutiva" ya que al acreedor le basta con iniciar la vía monitoria para poder eventualmente obtener en forma rápida, simple y a menor costo un título ejecutivo judicial (una sentencia). Se propone desde el derecho comparado el diseño óptimo de un procedimiento monitorio para la Argentina.

La presente investigación analiza los circuitos de producción de la "idea" de creación de nuevas universidades nacionales entre 1971 y 1973 en la Argentina. Para ello, indaga el recorrido de las ideas por el espacio burocrático- estatal y académico-universitario y sus entrecruzamientos, los que dieron origen a un conjunto de reglas, normas y saberes especializados cuyos contenidos impusieron y permitieron prácticas específicas para su implementación. Siguiendo esa línea, examina los modelos universitarios que predominaron en los circuitos de expertos e identifica cuáles se incorporaron finalmente a las estrategias gubernamentales. El estudio se vale de la idea de que en paralelo a las estrategias represivas del gobierno autoritario, algunos expertos idearon otros modelos universitarios que pudieran contener el avance de la contestación social y la deslegitimación estatal. Los intentos se concretaron en distintos planes técnicos, dieron lugar a numerosas estructuras burocráticas y moldearon las reglas y las dinámicas institucionales de las noveles universidades. Por otra parte, el proceso de creación de nuevas universidades nacionales de los años 70 inauguró una racionalidad de expansión institucional mediante la cual el poder político buscó imponer a las casas de estudio un formato diferente, en oposición al modelo político y académico de las universidades tradicionales. ; This research analyses the circuits of production of the "idea" of new national universities between 1971 and 1973 in Argentina. It probes into the itineraries of those ideas into the state-bureaucratic and academic space and their criss-crosses, which produced a set of rules, norms and specialized knowledges along with the imposition and allowance of specific practices for their enforcement. In addition, it examines which higher education models predominated in expertise circuits and it identifies the ones that were finally incorporated in the frame of governmental strategies. The study introduces the argument that together with repressive governmental strategies, some experts devised other models of higher education that could content the advance of social protest and state illegitimacy. Those attempts moulded different technical plans, promoted numerous bureaucratic structures and shaped the rules and institutional dynamics of the novel universities. In addition, by means of the creation of new universities in the 70, the government introduced a rationality of institutional expansion which sought to impose a different higher educational format, in opposition to the one of traditional universities. ; Fil: Rovelli, Laura Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

La presente investigación analiza los circuitos de producción de la "idea" de creación de nuevas universidades nacionales entre 1971 y 1973 en la Argentina. Para ello, indaga el recorrido de las ideas por el espacio burocrático- estatal y académico-universitario y sus entrecruzamientos, los que dieron origen a un conjunto de reglas, normas y saberes especializados cuyos contenidos impusieron y permitieron prácticas específicas para su implementación. Siguiendo esa línea, examina los modelos universitarios que predominaron en los circuitos de expertos e identifica cuáles se incorporaron finalmente a las estrategias gubernamentales. El estudio se vale de la idea de que en paralelo a las estrategias represivas del gobierno autoritario, algunos expertos idearon otros modelos universitarios que pudieran contener el avance de la contestación social y la deslegitimación estatal. Los intentos se concretaron en distintos planes técnicos, dieron lugar a numerosas estructuras burocráticas y moldearon las reglas y las dinámicas institucionales de las noveles universidades. Por otra parte, el proceso de creación de nuevas universidades nacionales de los años 70 inauguró una racionalidad de expansión institucional mediante la cual el poder político buscó imponer a las casas de estudio un formato diferente, en oposición al modelo político y académico de las universidades tradicionales. ; This research analyses the circuits of production of the "idea" of new national universities between 1971 and 1973 in Argentina. It probes into the itineraries of those ideas into the state-bureaucratic and academic space and their criss-crosses, which produced a set of rules, norms and specialized knowledges along with the imposition and allowance of specific practices for their enforcement. In addition, it examines which higher education models predominated in expertise circuits and it identifies the ones that were finally incorporated in the frame of governmental strategies. The study introduces the argument that together with repressive governmental strategies, some experts devised other models of higher education that could content the advance of social protest and state illegitimacy. Those attempts moulded different technical plans, promoted numerous bureaucratic structures and shaped the rules and institutional dynamics of the novel universities. In addition, by means of the creation of new universities in the 70, the government introduced a rationality of institutional expansion which sought to impose a different higher educational format, in opposition to the one of traditional universities. ; Fil: Rovelli, Laura Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

La presente investigación analiza los circuitos de producción de la "idea" de creación de nuevas universidades nacionales entre 1971 y 1973 en la Argentina. Para ello, indaga el recorrido de las ideas por el espacio burocrático- estatal y académico-universitario y sus entrecruzamientos, los que dieron origen a un conjunto de reglas, normas y saberes especializados cuyos contenidos impusieron y permitieron prácticas específicas para su implementación. Siguiendo esa línea, examina los modelos universitarios que predominaron en los circuitos de expertos e identifica cuáles se incorporaron finalmente a las estrategias gubernamentales. El estudio se vale de la idea de que en paralelo a las estrategias represivas del gobierno autoritario, algunos expertos idearon otros modelos universitarios que pudieran contener el avance de la contestación social y la deslegitimación estatal. Los intentos se concretaron en distintos planes técnicos, dieron lugar a numerosas estructuras burocráticas y moldearon las reglas y las dinámicas institucionales de las noveles universidades. Por otra parte, el proceso de creación de nuevas universidades nacionales de los años 70 inauguró una racionalidad de expansión institucional mediante la cual el poder político buscó imponer a las casas de estudio un formato diferente, en oposición al modelo político y académico de las universidades tradicionales. ; This research analyses the circuits of production of the "idea" of new national universities between 1971 and 1973 in Argentina. It probes into the itineraries of those ideas into the state-bureaucratic and academic space and their criss-crosses, which produced a set of rules, norms and specialized knowledges along with the imposition and allowance of specific practices for their enforcement. In addition, it examines which higher education models predominated in expertise circuits and it identifies the ones that were finally incorporated in the frame of governmental strategies. The study introduces the argument that together with repressive governmental strategies, some experts devised other models of higher education that could content the advance of social protest and state illegitimacy. Those attempts moulded different technical plans, promoted numerous bureaucratic structures and shaped the rules and institutional dynamics of the novel universities. In addition, by means of the creation of new universities in the 70, the government introduced a rationality of institutional expansion which sought to impose a different higher educational format, in opposition to the one of traditional universities. ; Fil: Rovelli, Laura Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

The international experience in standardizing the implementation of e-democracy is studied. Thanks to a set of methodological approaches (synergistic, complex, humanistic) and methods of scientific knowledge of social phenomena and processes se identify the prospects for the introduction of direct e-democracy in modern Ukraine and propose priority measures for the implementation of state policy in the field of training and development of e-democracy, based on modern management technologies. It is concluded that, as a form of realization of rights, e-democracy should be considered as an alternative to traditionally recognized methods and practices of law enforcement, and the purpose of its implementation is to promote the expansion of opportunities for the realization of citizens' rights. It also emphasizes that the idea of digitalization of the state must be balanced with the awareness of the practical usefulness of the model, its instrumental importance for the achievement of sustainable development goals and its progress, considering existing and potential risks.

This article is dedicated to the analysis of a preponderant institution of Civil Society in Russia such as the Bar Association, consequently, its role in the implementation of the state function of providing qualified legal assistance is examined. In addition, it ad-dresses the criminal defense mechanism of the Russian legal profession. To achieve the objective of the study, several general scientific techniques, and methods of scientific knowledge (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, systemic-structural, formal-logical approaches) and specific scientific methods were launched: historical-legal, formal-legal, comparative-legal, and interpretative are employed. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the legal profession, being an institution of civil society, remains vul-nerable in the legal sense in its interaction with law enforcement agencies. At the same time, by illegally interfering in promotion, public officials go unpunished. There is still no criminal liability for unlawful interference in the activities of a lawyer. It therefore proposes to introduce specific amendments to the criminal legislation governing this matter of general interest.

Orders of payment are a process or procedure - depending on whether one or the other term has been chosen, how much of its design - special fast knowledge simple, inexpensive and that is based precisely in the possibility that the requirement or order/writ of payment is not controversial, and with this to be able to accede to an executive title of judicial character (an enforceable judgment). Here we propose an inclusive order of payments procedures of the types of obligations to be protected, monophasic and differentiated in the regulation of the order of payments procedural structure. It regulates the orders as special proceedings differentiated from the enforcement proceedings precisely because it assumes the legislative technique of restricted vision, it also does not regulate the preparation of the executive since the creditor is enough to file directly an order of payment to obtain quickly, simply and at a lower cost a judicial executive title (a judgment). From the comparative law it proposes the optimal design of an order of payment procedure for Argentina.

La modificación de la Ley N°19.451 causó un gran revuelo mediático y descontento en la población. En su artículo 2°, esta Ley dio prioridad para la recepción de un órgano, en caso de que varias personas se encuentren en igualdad de condiciones, para quien está registrado como donante de órganos respecto de quien no lo está. Con esta Ley el modelo de consentimiento pasa a ser presunto, universal y restringido. De esta forma se introduce una medida de "incentivo/obligatoriedad" para aquellos que no desean ser donantes. En el contexto de la baja tasa de donaciones de órganos que se hacían efectivas en Chile surge la idea de modificar la Ley, pero, ¿es esta la forma más adecuada de convencer a la población para que no expresen su negativa? El éxito del modelo español en donación de órganos se basa en gran medida en mejorar el conocimiento acerca de este proceso y en una buena legislación. La donación de órganos es un voto a favor de la vida y, por tanto, debiera ser válida para todos, independiente de su modo de pensar, por lo que esta modificación de la Ley iría en desmedro de ciertos derechos constitucionales. ; An amendment to Chilean law 19,451 led to media uproar and discontent amongst the population. This law's second article gave priority for receiving an organ (when several people had an equal claim/condition) to patients registered as organ donors (i.e. instead of those who were not); the consent model becomes presumptive, universal and restricted with this amendment as it will introduce incentive/obligation for those who refuse to donate. The idea of changing the law arose due to the low rate of effective organ donation in Chile; however, is this the most appropriate way of convincing people not to express a negative opinion? The success of the Spanish model for organ donation has been based on improving knowledge about donation and good legislation. Organ donation is a vote in favour of life and, therefore, should be valid for all, regardless of their way of thinking; such change in the existing law would seem to be detrimental to some constitutional rights.

The purpose of the article was to clarify the essence of human value in the positivist type of legal understanding. To achieve the objectives of the publication, such methods were used as: philosophical dialectics, analysis, synthesis, functional, axiological, historical, special legal. As a result of the study it was concluded that the essence of human value in normative jurisprudence is due to the need to know the law and the need to realize the interests and needs of man by law. It was also argued that the basis of "humanistic" positive law should be natural law, which meets the need for its humanization, recognition and real process of realization of individual rights. The authors found that the knowledge of the essence of human value in the framework of positive law is possible only with the study of the theoretical foundations of normativism, identifying both positive and negative characteristics. It is concluded that it is proved that the use of general principles of law in the process of functioning of the legal system is an indicator of a high level of legal awareness of persons whose activities are related to law enforcement.

The study established the role of electronic evidence in the system of administrative procedures in Ukraine and in the member states of the Council of Europe. Direct observation, comparison and analysis of the content of the documents were used. The key results of the study were the peculiarities identified from the use of electronic evidence in administrative procedures among the 47 member states of the Council of Europe; established sources of creation, origin of electronic evidence to be used in administrative procedures; the resolute attitude of the European Court of Human Rights and the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe towards electronic evidence in administrative proceedings. Unlike paper documents, electronic documents require special attention to their review, search and involvement in the case. It is concluded that the study of electronic evidence should be approached from the point of view of the knowledge and skills of specialists, experts and interpreters who have the appropriate license and experience. The prospects for further investigations are establishing the importance of law enforcement agencies in the field of cybersecurity in ensuring the integrity of electronic evidence used in administrative proceedings.