En Colombia, las artesanías y en particular los tejidos artesanales han sido fundamentales en la memoria histórica e identidad del país, dando a generando productos con alto valor cultural. Los tejidos y la cesteria representan la mayor actividad comercial de los artesanos de la costa colombiana. Los artesanos por medio da la elaboración a mano de sus productos, construyen una relación sociocultural, económica, política y tradicional que muestra la historia de su comunidad en cada puntada. El proyecto tiene como propósito desarrollar una estrategia de comercialización que se materializa en la elaboración de una guía que permita a las comunidades el uso de plataformas virtuales. Esto con el fin de mejorar para la remuneración, la comercialización, el margen de rentabilidad de los artesanos través de la capacitación en conocimientos de mercadeo en línea. El proyecto se realizará mediante una metodología de transferencia de conocimiento para artesanas colombianas. Esta metodología ofrece una enseñanza en términos de mercadeo digital para las comunidades. La diferencia de esta metodología para artesanos con otras de las ya existentes radica en los cuatro momentos de su diseño: diagnóstico, táctica, ejecución y medición. Para el desarrollo del proyecto, se trabajó con la comunidad artesanal de Pueblo Bello, Cesar. Junto a veinte artesanas se realizaron actividades para la elaboración de historias de sus productos y que así pudieran aumentar sus ventas. Se realizo un acercamiento a la comunidad, capacitaciones, se socializaron las guías. A través de la metodología y la asesoría se capacitó a las líderes digitales de las comunidades y ellas mismas aprendieron a utilizar medios tecnológicos para vender sus historias y mundos por descubrir. ¿Cómo el proyecto se relaciona con la maestría en curso? La relación de éste proyecto con las industrias creativas se plantea en el fomento de la actividad artesanal a través de las redes sociales, que permiten a las artesanas vender sus productos de manera independiente, sin necesidad de intermediarios. ; Universidad el bosque, Asocamavapb ; Magíster en Diseño para Industrias Creativas y Culturales ; Maestría ; In Colombia, handicrafts and in particular artisanal fabrics have been fundamental in the historical memory and identity of the country, giving to generating products with high cultural value. Weaving and basketry represent the largest commercial activity of the artisans of the Colombian coast. The craftsmen by means of the elaboration by hand of their products, build a sociocultural, economic, political and traditional relationship that shows the history of your community in every stitch. The project aims to develop a marketing strategy that materializes in the development of a guide that allow communities to use virtual platforms. This in order to improve for the remuneration, marketing, profit margin of artisans through training in online marketing skills. The project will be carried out using a knowledge transfer methodology for Colombian artisans. This methodology offers teaching in terms of digital marketing for communities. The difference of this methodology for artisans with other existing ones lies in the four moments of its design: diagnosis, tactics, execution and measurement. For the development of the project, we worked with the artisan community of Pueblo Nice, Caesar. Together with twenty artisans, activities were carried out for the elaboration stories of their products and thus could increase their sales. A approach to the community, training, the guides were socialized. Through the methodology and advice, the digital leaders of the communities and they themselves learned to use technological means to sell their stories and worlds to discover. How does the project relate to the ongoing master's degree? The relationship of this project with the creative industries arises in the promotion of the craft activity through social networks, which allow artisans to sell their products independently, without the need for intermediaries.
El propósito de este trabajo es realizar una introducción sobre las principales aportaciones del feminismo a la construcción científica del conocimiento, observando cómo son necesarios no tanto métodos, como fuertes posicionamientos epistemológicos capaces de de-construir planteamientos positivistas, para co-construir una ciencia que supere los falsos objetivismos androcéntricos en aras de conocimientos contextualizados, inclusivos y consensuados intersubjetivamente, que sirvan de motor de cambio y transformación de las relaciones patriarcales de poder. La llegada de las mujeres a la Universidad supuso una revolución científica al incorporar su nuevo punto de vista, capaz de detectar los sesgos misóginos que las mantuvieron al margen de la historia categorizándolas como inferiores. A partir de ahí se ha producido una verdadera rebelión en las epistemologías académicas -las feministas del punto de vista, los feminismos negros, las feministas postmodernas y las empíricas contextuales- no tanto por el uso de determinadas metodologías, como por la fuerza de sus valores democráticos e igualitarios compartidos. ; The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction on the main contributions of feminism to construction of scientific knowledge. It is evident that not methods, but strong epistemological stances are necessary to deconstruct positivist approaches, in order to co-construct a science that exceeds false androcentric objectivism in favor of contextualized, inclusive and intersubjectively consensual knowledge serving as an engine for change and transformation of patriarchal power relations. The arrival of women to University led to a scientific revolution by incorporating their new point of view, able to detect misogynistic bias that kept them out the history by labeling them as inferior. From there, it has emerged a real rebellion in academic epistemologies –feminist perspectives, black feminism, postmodern feminists, and the empirical-contextual ones-not specifically for the use of certain methods, but because of the strength of their shared democratic and egalitarian values.
This paper presents the conceptualization and use of a virtual classroom in the course EIF-200 Fundamentos de Informática, first course in the Information Systems Engineering career of the Universidad Nacional of Costa Rica. The virtual classroom is seen as a complement to the class and is conceived as a space that allows to centralize teaching resources, thereby promoting the democratization of knowledge among students and teachers. Furthermore, this concept of virtual classroom helps to reduce the culture of individualism, present many times in university teaching practices, and contributes to create new opportunities to learn from other colleagues within a culture of reflection, analysis and respectful dialogue aimed to improve the teaching practices. ; En este artículo se presenta la conceptualización y el uso que del aula virtual se hace en la Cátedra de EIF200-Fundamentos de Informática, primer curso de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Información de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. El aula se visualiza como un complemento a la clase presencial y se concibe como un espacio que permite centralizar la exposición de recursos didácticos favoreciendo así la democratización del conocimiento entre estudiantes y docentes. Además, esta concepción de aula virtual contribuye a reducir la cultura de individualismo, presente muchas veces en la docencia universitaria, creando nuevos espacios para aprender de otros colegas, y dentro de una cultura de reflexión, análisis y diálogo respetuoso mejorar la propia práctica docente.
Big data, the massive amounts of data collected using different technological tools or extracted from large collections of information in different formats, are able to generate new knowledge in diverse sectors. But problems are posed regarding both their ownership and subsequent use. This study analyzes the concept of data analysis, as well as the different types of data and their possible regulation, presenting an overview of how in recent years some open licensing schemes have begun to be implemented for avoiding the legal obstacles facing the inclusion of these data types in the creation of new knowledge. The study shows how different governments and international organizations that produce public data have found an appropriate mechanism for promoting the use and reuse of large volumes of public data through these licenses - in particular, the PPDL and CC0 modalities in which all rights to databases are waived. ; Los datos masivos o big data recopilados a través de distintas herramientas tecnológicas o extraídos de grandes colecciones de información en distintos formatos son capaces de generar nuevo conocimiento en los sectores más diversos, pero, a la vez, plantean problemas tanto de titularidad como de su uso posterior. El estudio analiza el concepto de análisis de datos, los distintos tipos de datos y su posible regulación, presentando un panorama sobre cómo en los últimos años los países más avanzados en apertura de datos han comenzado a aplicar unos esquemas de licencias abiertas que remueven los obstáculos legales para incorporar estos tipos de datos a la creación de nuevo conocimiento. La investigación realizada muestra cómo distintos gobiernos y otras corporaciones y organismos internacionales productores de datos públicos han encontrado en estas licencias —en particular, las modalidades PPDL y CC0 en las que se renuncia a todos los derechos sobre las bases de datos— un mecanismo adecuado para favorecer el uso y reutilización de estos grandes volúmenes de datos.
The objective of this article is to reflect about the fourth generation of human rights and in those, the use of the information and communication technologies, so as to promote digital literacy for social inclusion, democratization of knowledge through the application ofcommunity technology and the empowerment of knowledge through the social networks. In the argument, ethical discourse is stand out used by the actors involved in the daily use of the technologic tools that defines the contemporary society as an interconnected world where information and knowledge are no longer the exclusivity of few people in order to become disseminated, constituting the technologies and data communications networks as a basic infrastructure of the XXI century. Therefore, society must consider and internalize ethical principles in the extended use of technology and in this way interrelate the collective with the technology, sponsoring programs and projects promoting the human rights, with activities that allow the inclusion of people in the use of technologies, promoting the digitization of the society. In the methodology doctrinal texts and Internet data were consulted as documentary sources. The results argue that advances in telecommunications motivate pronounced hopes about the impact on society to develop inclusive processes by which knowledge is accessed, requiring a continuous digital literacy of the communities that permits the use of technology transcending for better living conditions. ; El objetivo del presente artículo es reflexionar sobre los derechos humanos de cuarta generación y en ellos el uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, de forma que se promuevan la alfabetización digital para una inclusión social, la democratización del conocimiento mediante la aplicación de la tecnología comunitaria y el empoderamiento de los saberes por las redes sociales. En la argumentación, se resalta el discurso ético por los actores involucrados en el uso cotidiano de las herramientas tecnológicas y que define a la sociedad contemporánea como un mundo interconectado donde la información y el conocimiento han dejado de ser de la exclusividad de algunos para lograr ser difundidos, constituyéndose así las tecnologías y las redes telemáticas en infraestructuras básicas de la sociedad del siglo XXI. Por esto, la sociedad ha de considerar e internalizar principios éticos frente al extendido uso de la tecnología para de esta forma, interrelacionar lo colectivo con lo tecnológico, promocionándose programas y proyectos patrocinadores de los derechos humanos, contentivos de actividades que permitan la inclusión del mayor número de personas al uso de las tecnologías, favoreciendo así la digitalización de la sociedad. En cuanto a la metodología empleada se consultaron textos doctrinarios en fuentes documentales y fuentes contenidas en Internet para el análisis de los razonamientos expuestos. Los resultados afirman que, los avances logrados en telecomunicaciones motivan grandes esperanzas sobre las repercusiones en la sociedad para desarrollar procesos inclusivos por los cuales se acceda al conocimiento, requiriendo para ello de una continua alfabetización digital de las comunidades, que las acerquen a la tecnología y que con su uso trasciendan a mejores condiciones de vida.
GECONTEC: Revista Internacional de Gestión del Conocimiento y la Tecnología, vol.1 , nº1 (2013) p. 1-12 ; El presente trabajo fue realizado en respuesta a una línea de investigación de un proyecto del Centro de Gobierno Electrónico (CEGEL), en la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas, adscripto al programa ramal de investigación vigente en el Ministerio de Justicia en Cuba. Para la realización de la propuesta, una tecnología informática que permita gestionar el conocimiento jurídico contenido en los documentos que se digitalizan en el marco del proyecto informático "Tribunales Populares Cubanos", se identificó como ciencia a estudiar la Informática Jurídica Documental. A partir de las búsquedas de información relevantes para la organización (Tribunal Supremo Popular), sobre los documentos que digitaliza el proyecto informático, se observó la necesidad de usar los lenguajes documentales, y su vinculación al diseño de sistemas informáticos para el tratamiento digital de la información judicial. La tecnología de apoyo a la gestión del conocimiento, se concreta en una arquitectura informática que vincula las ontologías a su diseño. Además, se destaca el papel de las ontologías como lenguaje documental desde la ciencia de la documentación, y como herramienta desde la ciencia de la información. Con la finalidad de analizar y describir información desde los documentos jurídicos digitales, para representar el conocimiento presente en los mismos. ; This study has been developed as part of a research project at the Centre of Electronic Government (CEGEL), at the University of Information Systems, affiliated to the current research program branch of the Ministry of Justice in Cuba. In order to develop this proposal, a technology management program enabling legal knowledge contained in scanned documents under the computer project "Cuban Popular Tribunals" was identified as a science to study Documentary Legal Informatics. Based on searching relevant information for the organization (SPC) on documents previously digitized with the computer project, there was the need to use documentary languages and to relate them with the design of information systems for the digital treatment of judicial information. The technology supporting knowledge management was translated into a computing architecture that connected ontology to its design. Also, whilst the role of ontologies is highlighted and regarded as documentary language within the science of documentation, it is considered a tool within computer sciences. This will establish the foundations to analyze and describe information from digital legal documents and to represent the knowledge contained in them. ; Universidad Pablo de Olavide ; Versión del editor
¿Qué tipo de procesos se pueden estimular con imágenes, que las palabras por sí solas no logran generar tan fácilmente? Este artículo ilustra y discute cómo las expresiones visuales intervienen en diálogos en grupos en relación con los significados de fenómenos socioculturales. Mi tesis principal consiste en mostrar cómo la inclusión de un material visual facilita la generación de datos para estudios empíricos que buscan entender cómo las personas adscribimos significado a las cosas y los fenómenos en nuestro mundo. El objetivo principal es presentar el método que, en ausencia de un nombre más sofisticado, llamo "el ejercicio de imágenes", a fin de inspirar otros investigadores que exploran sus potencias en sus propios campos de investigación. Sugiero que el método presentado tiene la posibilidad de establecer lazos, conciencia política y producción de conocimientos colectivos significativos entre todos los participantes involucrados en un proceso de investigación.Palabras clave: metodologías relacionales, producción del conocimiento, posestructuralismo, género. ; What is it that images can do that cannot be done by words alone? This article illustrates and discusses how visual expressions act as helpers of dialogue – anchors of meaning. The main argument is that the inclusion of pictorial material is a useful way to develop poststructuralist thinking technologies to further expand our understandings of the complexities of communication in individual as well as collective sense-making. The primary aim of the article is to present the method –the image exercise 1– so as to inspire other researchers to explore its potential wit in their own research contexts. It will also be argued that the method presented has the potential of establishing bonding, political awareness and meaningful collective knowledge production among all participants involved in a research process.Keywords: relational methodologies, knowledge production, post structuralism, gender.
Contrato de confidencialidad por publicación. ; The environmental impact has become a growing global concern in the current economic and social spheres, including consumers, companies, politicians and organizations of various kinds. Therefore, to survive within the current situation, marked by highly dynamic, volatile and hyper-competitive scenarios, companies should adopt strategies aimed at encouraging sustainability and innovation. The growing social concern and regulatory environment is significantly contributing to the development of green innovation strategies by a large number of companies, which is allowing them to ensure their long-term survival and to increase performance (LaForet, 2009). Companies must therefore make an effort to keep up-to-date of changes, fluctuations and trends emerging in the market gradually. This implies to be oriented to the demands of their main customers and stakeholders, developing a strategy of orientation toward sustainability and green innovation. The increasing demands of society in environmental matters is forcing companies to integrate sustainability issues into its regular activity so that the company achieve its social, environmental and economic objectives. There are two main driving forces that promote environmental management (Chen, 2008): (i) the international set of rules and regulations concerning the protection of the environment, and (ii) the ecological awareness of consumers (Chen, Lai and Wen, 2006). Anyone that are the objectives that lead companies to carry out environmental management, the integration of environmental sustainability issues in business strategy and the ecological orientation of the innovation process is becoming a strategic opportunity for firms (Porter & Reinhardt, 2007). Therefore, as indicated by several studies, environmental management and green practices are closely linked to business innovation (Aragón-Correa, 1998; Perez-Valls et al, 2015). In this sense, those companies that are pioneers in the generation of strategies of green innovation will be able to maintain competitive advantages. Therefore, the success of green innovation performance (GIP) helps companies to achieve greater efficiency, as well as to establish and strengthen their core competencies and to improve their green image. Consequently, all this will allow businesses to achieve superior performance and greater profitability (Chen, 2008). The literature focused on the study of organizational capabilities highlights dynamic capabilities approach (DC) as a valuable source of generation of sustainable competitive advantages, and as a key component for access, the achievement and development of new knowledge to improve innovation outcomes. Several authors have defined dynamic capabilities as a set of processes that are necessary for the reconfiguration of the routines and resources of a company (Cepeda and Vera, 2007). In addition, the latest literature in the field of knowledge management highlights the concepts of relationship learning (RL), absorptive capacity (ACAP) and knowledge base (KB), as fundamental drivers of firm innovativeness and performance. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis is to try to understand in depth the concept of green innovation performance, as well as to ascertain the impact exerted by the distinct drivers of green innovation –dynamic capabilities, knowledge base, relationship learning and absorptive capacity–. Accordingly, we focus our study with the target of answering the following research questions, which we will group into four blocks: Question 1: What are the conceptual roots of the green innovation variable? Question 2: To what extent do the existing internal capabilities of firms and their interaction with external knowledge sources —relationship learning enhancement —affect the level of green innovation performance? Question 3: How does the presence of relationship learning actually affect the link between a firm's knowledge base and green innovation performance? Question 4: How does a firm's potential absorptive capacity influence realized absorptive capacity? How does a firm's potential absorptive capacity influence the creation of green innovation through processes and products? How does a firm's realized absorptive capacity influence the creation of green innovation through processes and products? Within the introduction and development of the four main chapters, together with the theoretical background gathered in Chapter 2, we have proposed to respond to the key research questions and to empirically test the relations postulated. The first research question is dealt with in Chapter 3. The second question is considered in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 assesses the third research question. Lastly, Chapter 6 evaluates the fourth research question. The first conclusion of this thesis is that the companies' base of resources and capabilities is essential for the development of green innovations, since it allows them to obtain a competitive advantage in dynamic and turbulent environments. Organizations are different from each other. For this reason, companies have to work hard to acquire and develop the combination of resources and capabilities that allow them to adapt to the environmental needs identified in the market and society in general, and acquire a favorable position in relation to their competitors. In this vein, the most valuable resource within companies these days is its knowledge base. A firm's knowledge base establishes the possibility and ability to understand and employ novel knowledge for problem solving, decision making or innovations development (Ahuja and Katila, 2001). For this reason, companies should have a deep and broad knowledge base, since it enables its preparation for catalyzing new ideas that might lead to launching innovative products and services successfully. However, it is necessary for companies to develop and keep absorptive capacity to improve their outcomes and spread competitive advantages, given that this absorptive capacity can strengthen, reorient or supplement the previous organizational knowledge base, as well as interpret and exploit the new knowledge acquired. In addition, dynamic capabilities allow firms to develop particularly unique, reliable and satisfactory combinations of internal and external resources that may lead to creating value for the customers and other stakeholders, whose needs are continually evolving. Therefore, green innovation performance requires firms to implement changes on the basis of dynamic capabilities development and effective knowledge absorption and management processes. The second conclusion of this study is the importance of the companies' creation of relationship learning ties with their stakeholders in order to learn about new environmental requirements and in this way adapt their resources and capabilities to obtain green innovation performance. Relationship learning is a joint activity between the firm and one or more parts –supplier, customer, partner, competitors, etc.–, whose objective is to share information and strenghthen the knowledge base (Leal-Rodríguez et al., 2014). For example, it is important that the companies build and maintain relationship learning mechanisms with their suppliers to negotiate the type of raw material that they need or the packaging design. Consequently, companies should share, combine and integrate information about environmental topics to improve their yields. The last conclusion of the present thesis is that there are not significant differences between green product and process innovation. Green product innovation deals with the introduction of new products or services characterized by waste recycling, energy-saving or reducing the use of polluting resources, whereas green process innovation is connected with the development of production which satisfies the requirements of environmental protection. These two types of innovation are interrelated as developing a green product innovation adapts the processes that operators take into account of the environmental requirements which should be followed. As a result, green process innovations are worked out with the idea of creating eco-friendly products that respect and care for the environment, or modify existing products in a firm's portfolio with the intention of adapting them to the new needs of the market. The empirical results extracted reveal that potential and realized absorptive capacity are positively linked to both green product and process innovation performance. ; Premio Extraordinario de Doctorado US
ResumenEl presente artículo es parte de una investigación doctoral, que analiza un aspecto del uso de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en la primera década del siglo XXI, en un objeto específico del conocimiento: el sociohumanístico. El objetivo propuesto es demostrar desde esta área del saber, que lejos de eliminar el trabajo repetitivo, aburrido y tedioso, además de mejorar el acceso a la información, el entrenamiento y la calidad de la justicia social y la democracia, la realidad en el uso de estas tecnologías ha estado casi siempre del lado opuesto, dando lugar a nuevas divisiones o profundizando las ya existentes. Los métodos de Observación, Análisis y Síntesis, así como el Análisis Documental, especialmente durante la aplicación de la técnica del análisis de contenidos de bibliografía y datos estadísticos, fue la metodología empleada en la obtención de los resultados. Se develan maneras disímiles de usos del conocimiento sociohumanístico en su digitalización, desde las redes informáticas a nivel internacional. Propone a su vez, modos de usarlos para construir un futuro mejor y permita desarrollar lo que es vital para la vida humana, a partir de la formulación de objetivos e instrumentos que favorezcan su difusión y empleo. ¿Tecnologías para qué y para quién? Ni los objetivos ni los instrumentos pueden ser neutrales respecto a estas preguntas. AbstractThis article is part of a doctoral research, which examines one aspect of the use of information technology and communications in the first decade of the 21st century, in a given area of knowledge: humanities and social sciences.The objective of the investigations is to demonstrate from this area of knowledge that the reality on the use of thesetechnologies has almost always been on the opposite side, creating new divisions or deepening existing ones. Far from eliminating repetitive, boring, tedious work, this area of knowledge improves access to information, training andquality of social justice and democracy. The methods used were Observations, Analysis an Synthesis, and Documentary Analysis, especially when applying the technique of content analysis of literature and statistical data. In this work are revealed different uses of the social-humanistic knowledge in digitizing this information using informatics. In the investigation are proposed the methods to employ this knowledge to build a better future from the use of instruments that favor their application. Technology: for whom and for what? Neither the objectives nor the instruments can be neutral with respect to these questions.
GECONTEC: Revista Internacional de Gestión del Conocimiento y la Tecnología, vol.2, nº2, 2014, p. 28-40 ; El presente artículo es parte de una investigación doctoral, que analiza un aspecto del uso de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en la primera década del siglo XXI, en un objeto específico del conocimiento: el sociohumanístico. El objetivo propuesto es demostrar desde esta área del saber, que lejos de eliminar el trabajo repetitivo, aburrido y tedioso, además de mejorar el acceso a la información, el entrenamiento y la calidad de la justicia social y la democracia, la realidad en el uso de estas tecnologías ha estado casi siempre del lado opuesto, dando lugar a nuevas divisiones o profundizando las ya existentes. Los métodos de Observación, Análisis y Síntesis, así como el Análisis Documental, especialmente durante la aplicación de la técnica del análisis de contenidos de bibliografía y datos estadísticos, fue la metodología empleada en la obtención de los resultados. Se develan maneras disímiles de usos del conocimiento sociohumanístico en su digitalización, desde las redes informáticas a nivel internacional. Propone a su vez, modos de usarlos para construir un futuro mejor y permita desarrollar lo que es vital para la vida humana, a partir de la formulación de objetivos e instrumentos que favorezcan su difusión y empleo. ¿Tecnologías para qué y para quién? Ni los objetivos ni los instrumentos pueden ser neutrales respecto a estas preguntas. ; This article is part of a doctoral research, which examines one aspect of the use of information technology and communications in the first decade of the 21st century, in a given area of knowledge: humanities and social sciences. The objective of the investigations is to demonstrate from this area of knowledge that the reality on the use of these technologies has almost always been on the opposite side, creating new divisions or deepening existing ones. Far from eliminating repetitive, boring, tedious work, this area of knowledge improves access to information, training and quality of social justice and democracy. The methods used were Observations, Analysis an Synthesis, and Documentary Analysis, especially when applying the technique of content analysis of literature and statistical data. In this work are revealed different uses of the social-humanistic knowledge in digitizing this information using informatics. In the investigation are proposed the methods to employ this knowledge to build a better future from the use of instruments that favor their application. Technology: for whom and for what? Neither the objectives nor the instruments can be neutral with respect to these questions. ; Universidad Pablo de Olavide ; Versión del editor
We are immersed in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, a revolution marked mainly by technological disruption. Artificial Intelligence is marking a milestone in history and it's making automation an imperative. Therefore the economy is rapidly becoming almost entirely digital. Big Data is very closely related to this revolution. It is the intersection of business strategy and data science. This phenomenon, among other things, emerges thanks to the development of Digital Marketing, Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things. Innovations, being volatile, hinder the democratization of knowledge and the adaptation to the new cybermodel. ; Nos encontramos inmersos en la Cuarta Revolución Industrial, una revolución marcada principalmente por la disrupción tecnológica. La Inteligencia Artificial está marcando un hito en la historia y está haciendo imperar la automatización y, por consiguiente una economía cada vez más digital. El Big Data está íntimamente relacionado con dicha revolución. Es la intersección de estrategia de negocio y ciencia de los datos. Este fenómeno, entre otras cosas, emerge gracias al desarrollo del Marketing Digital, la Inteligencia Artificial y el Internet de las Cosas. Las innovaciones, volátiles en si mismas, obstaculizan la democratización del conocimiento y la adaptación al nuevo cibermodelo.
Summary in the field of ethnobotanical, in biogeographical Chocó, many research has been carried out on the different uses of plants. Many of these investigations aimed at providing commercial products to governments or private companies, but most of these investigations were carried out to share knowledge of the use of medicinal plants to the public and to rescue knowledge that is at risk of being lost. The importance of this work allows us to deepen our knowledge of the use and management of plant species in the different areas of origin. In this way, improvements or alternatives to exploitation can be offered. For this reason, a thorough literature review was carried out on the use of medicinal plants, mainly using related publications Cauca and Chocó In total 1178 records were obtained on the use of medicinal plants; 902 for the department of Chocó and 276 for the department of Cauca. Useful in the treatment of 130 different diseases or conditions, associated with 17 medicinal categories as a result of the literature review of 17 publications. 766 vascular plant species of which 392 sp. for Chocó and 374sp. for Cauca were found, grouped into 132 families. The most representative families in Chocó are: Gesneriaceae (103 uses), Asteraceae (83), Piperaceae (65), Arecaceae (46) and Araceae (41). In the Cauca, it is noted that: Piperaceae (132 uses), Asteraceae (127), Fabaceae (68) Arecaceae (66), Gesneriaceae (51). Health problems with the highest number of treatments in Chocó were snake bites (194 records of use), malaria (100), fever (74), disorder and liver disorders (74) and headache (62), while in Cauca they were snake bite (209), skin wounds with (77), diarrhoea (58), fever (58) and renal disorder and disorders (41). With regard to human groups, Afro-Colombians obtained the highest number of registers, followed by indigenous and mestizos. ; Resumen En el campo de la etnobotánica, en el Chocó biogeográfico, se han realizados muchas investigaciones que tienen como objeto los diferentes usos de las plantas. ...
Este documento titulado "Consideración del subsuelo en el ordenamiento territorial" es una propuesta metodológica para la gestión del ordenamiento territorial de las regiones, haciendo énfasis en el subsuelo. Se demuestra como éste ocupa un papel determinante dentro de los criterios de construcción de propuestas, escenarios y finalmente en el desarrollo humano. Tres casos de estudios son desarrollados. Se tienen varias metodologías e infinidad de casos dentro del estado del arte que se revisó para el ordenamiento territorial. Mucho de lo reportado hace hincapié en lo urbano, turístico, económico, legal, político, cultural, entre muchas variables. Sin embargo, el subsuelo, la geología, los recursos minerales y las restricciones naturales allí presentes, son poco considerados en la mayoría de planes, metodologías y sobre todo en los casos de estudio. Esas son razones para proponer una metodología que haga énfasis en el subsuelo y que no solo se quede en lo conceptual, sino que se muestre con ejemplos concretos. El subsuelo estaría conformado por los recursos minerales e hídricos subterráneos, y también por las restricciones naturales, como la sismicidad, los volcanes, y deslizamientos, entre otros. Ello a su vez tiene implicaciones con la edafología, con las geoformas, con la geografía, con lo biótico (flora y fauna) y lo antrópico (poblacionales, educación, salud y cultura). Así que podría evidenciarse que considerar el subsuelo es fundamental dentro de cualquier proceso de ordenamiento del territorio. El subsuelo debería estar siempre presente dentro de las variables a considerar, ya que representa el largo plazo. El hecho de que algunos proyectos, ciudades, y regiones hayan sido planificados u ordenados sin considerar el subsuelo, y no hayan tenido incidentes, no quiere decir que sean correctos. Se tiene el caso de ciudades o regiones planificadas que después de varias décadas han sido arrasadas por deslizamientos, flujo de lodos, actividad sísmica, o simplemente no dispongan de materiales para la construcción, agua para consumo o energía. El propósito de este documento es el de presentar una metodología de ordenamiento territorial integral, holística, soportada en el subsuelo, que involucre diversos componentes y variables como el medio físico, biótico y antrópico. En la metodología se presenta un dimensionamiento de cómo las diferentes variables puede ser medidas, correlacionadas e integradas jerárquicamente con el fin de ir construyendo indicadores del geopotencial, biopotencial y el sociopotencial. Posteriormente se puede estimar la capacidad de acogida de un territorio frente a diferentes usos y a sus potenciales. Se van generando indicadores integrados frente a los diferentes conflictos ambientales y con los conocimientos de las personas que intervienen en los procesos de planificación y desarrollo, se pueden construir diferentes escenarios de ordenamiento territorial. La metodología se aplica para tres regiones en Colombia. La primera es una región de carácter amplio y diverso en cuanto a los aspectos geográficos, humanos y culturales, como lo es el Departamento de Cundinamarca, con más de 20 mil km2 de área, donde el componente físico tiene una mayor consideración. Un segundo caso es considerado a nivel más local, donde los diferentes componentes del sistema son tratados, haciendo énfasis en lo social y cultural hasta construir escenarios de desarrollo a nivel del municipio de La Peña, Y el tercer caso, es una propuesta para el ordenamiento de la minería de arcillas en la ciudad de Bogotá, donde se trata de racionalizar el uso del recurso mineral, haciéndolo en las zonas con mayor potencialidad y sin tanta dispersión en el territorio, haciéndolo compatible con otras demandas de uso del suelo principalmente. En los tres casos se parte de información del territorio, se estiman los diferentes potenciales y las restricciones, se determinan las capacidades de acogida, involucrando los diferentes actores, comunidades, políticos, y profesionales interdisciplinarios; además, se proponen diferentes escenarios de ordenamiento territorial, acorde con principios de alto consumo, de conservación o de sostenibilidad de la naturaleza. Esta metodología presenta algunas limitaciones y requiere ciertos ajustes para que tenga un mayor impacto en la sociedad civil; las limitaciones son más que todo de carácter político, ya que por más planteamientos objetivos que se hagan, la toma de decisiones está influenciada por los sentimientos, las presiones, los compromisos, y el ego. Sin embargo, se espera que esta contribución mas técnica desde las geociencias y los recursos naturales tenga una mayor relevancia en el desarrollo de la comunidad humana mundial. / Abstract: This untitled document "Consideration of subsoil in the land use planning" is a methodological proposal for the regional management and planning for the regions with emphasis on the subsoil. It is demonstrated how subsoil has an important role when is used as a criteria to construct proposals, scenarios and human development. Three study cases are analyzed. There are several methodologies and infinity cases according to revised state of the art. Most of the reported does emphasis in urban, tourism, economy, legal and cultural among many variables. However subsoil, geology, mineral resources and natural hazards are few considered in most of plans, methodologies and study cases. These are reasons to propose a methodology with main emphasis in the subsoil, not only in conceptual terms, but with concrete equations and examples. Subsoil could be conformed by the mineral and groundwater resources and by the natural restrictions, such as the seismicity, volcanoes and landslides. AH of these features have also some implications into the edaphology, geoforms, geography, biota (flora and fauna) and the anthropogenic matters (population, education, health and culture). In this way, the subsoil is a fundamental aspect in any territorial management process. Subsoil should be included within the set of variables to be considered. It represents de long term. The fact than some projects, cities and regions have been planned and ordered without considering the subsoil and any incident has occurred; does not mean that this is correct. In spite of the previous considerations, the cases of planned cities or regions are know, and after several decades have been devastated by landslides, floods, seismic activity, or simply they do not have building materials, water to consumption or energy. The purpose of this document is to show an integral, holistic methodology based in the subsoil, whose involve several and diverse components and variables such as the environment, biota and anthropogenic. The methodology shows a background of how the different variables can be measured, correlated and integrated hierarchically with the purpose of build indicators of the geopotential, biopotential and sociopotential. Subsequent, the carrying capacity of the territory for the different uses and to their potentials can be estimated. Integral indicators commence to be generated to respect of the different environmental conflicts and with the knowledge of the people who takes part in the processes of planning and development, different scenarios of environmental land use planning may be constructed. The methodology is applied for three regions in Colombia. First region is of huge and diverse character in the geographic, human and cultural aspects, as the Department of Cundinamarca, with and area more than 20.000 km2, in which the physical component has a greater relevance. A second case is considered as a local level, which the different components of the system are treated, making emphasis in the social and cultural matters to construct scenario of development in the La Peña municipality. The third case is a proposal for the ordering of the clay mining in the city of Bogotá, to rationalize the use of the mineral resource, doing it in the zones with greater potentiality and without much dispersion in the territory, doing it compatible with other use demands of the soil. The existent information of the territory is used for the three cases. The different potentials and restrictions are assessed, the carrying capacity is also determined, involving the different actors, such as the communities, politicians, and interdisciplinary professionals. Different scenarios of land use planning are proposed, according to the high consumption, conservation or sustainability principles for the nature. This methodology presents some limitations and requires certain adjustments to have a greater impact in the civil society. The limitations are mainly of the political character, because besides to many clear proposals, the decision making is influenced by the feelings, the pressures, the commitments, and the ego. Nevertheless, it is hope that this technical contribution from the geosciences and natural resources has a greater relevance in the development of the world-wide human community. ; Doctorado
The disputes over control and use of the spaces, at various levels, mobilise knowledge and techniques that play a central role in shaping the arguments and actors that draw up and support the shops. Knowledge (technical, legal, cultural) that has an impact on territorial configurations and reconfigurations are not only used to know, use and exploit resources located in certain areas and territories. They are also used to create novel forms of collective representation whereby, on the basis of certain territorial competences, political, cultural and economic projects are said to seek to bail out 'the same' as opposed to an 'external' or 'other' considered to be a threat. The dossier presents a collective reflection on the creation of these territorial knowledge, emphasising the advantage of this concept in escaping essentialisms. ; International audience ; The disputes over control and use of the spaces, at various levels, mobilise knowledge and techniques that play a central role in shaping the arguments and actors that draw up and support the shops. Knowledge (technical, legal, cultural) that has an impact on territorial configurations and reconfigurations are not only used to know, use and exploit resources located in certain areas and territories. They are also used to create novel forms of collective representation whereby, on the basis of certain territorial competences, political, cultural and economic projects are said to seek to bail out 'the same' as opposed to an 'external' or 'other' considered to be a threat. The dossier presents a collective reflection on the creation of these territorial knowledge, emphasising the advantage of this concept in escaping essentialisms. ; Las disputas por controlar y usar los espacios, a distintas escalas, movilizan saberes y técnicas que desempeñan un papel central en la constitución de los argumentos y actores que elaboran y sostienen las contiendas. Los saberes (técnicos, jurídicos, culturales) que inciden en las configuraciones y reconfiguraciones territoriales se ...
One of the main challenges facing academic centers within the so-called "knowledge society" is the openness and democratization of knowledge production processes. The first step in doing this is "learning to learn" from academic productive processes. Based on this premise, this paper analyzes the importance of collaborative tools and approaches to the production of knowledge in residential habitat at the Housing Institute (INVI), University of Chile. The methodology used in this study is based on the systematization of social practices, the use of digital tools that affect this productive process and the reflective analysis of the main problems that these presents. As a result, this paper lays the basis for the implementation of a CoLaboratory for Residential Habitat and Territory, which is intended to promote the systematization, reflection and learning about knowledge production processes. ; Uno de los principales desafíos que actualmente enfrentan los centros académicos en el marco de las denominadas "sociedades del conocimiento" es la apertura y democratización de los propios procesos de producción de conocimiento. Un primer paso para ello es "aprender a aprender" de las propias prácticas de productividad académica. Bajo esta premisa, el presente trabajo analiza la relevancia que los enfoques y las herramientas de trabajo colaborativo tienen para la producción de conocimiento sobre hábitat residencial en el Instituto de la Vivienda (INVI) de la Universidad de Chile. Este se sustenta metodológicamente en una sistematización de las prácticas sociales y del uso de las herramientas digitales que inciden en dicha productividad, y en un análisis reflexivo de las principales problemáticas y potencialidades que ellas presentan. Como resultado, se plantean las bases para la implementación de un CoLaboratorio en Hábitat Residencial y Territorio, orientado a promover la sistematización, la reflexividad y el aprendizaje en torno a los propios procesos de producción de conocimiento.
