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Technologies of the second industrial age can be characterized as knowledge-intensive, & knowledge now dominates machinery, raw material, & labor in production. In knowledge-intensive production, the human factor is recorded in the machinery & in the organization of production. However, though knowledge increases productivity, it does not increase employment or wages. Since knowledge costs almost nothing to duplicate, capitalists are concerned about locking in knowledge, & making it private property. In this sense, the workplace struggle is not about wage levels, but about property & social relations. M. Pflum

This essay explores networks of knowledge exchange and practices of knowledge production between South Asian Muslims and academic circles in Germany between 1915 and 1930. It centers on the brothers Abdul Jabbar Kheiri and Abdul Sattar Kheiri and foregrounds their interaction and encounters with German scholars during the First World War and in Weimar Germany until the brothers' return to India. Taking into consideration the asymmetries at play, the article looks at the motivations for the interest in knowledge exchange on the German and on the Indian sides, which changed in accordance with the different political situations and the positionalities and dependencies of the actors. The knowledge exchange went far beyond the newly emerging discipline of Islamic studies and classical Indology to include disciplines like sociology, economy, philosophy, and art.

The article takes up feminist disability scholars' request for an integration of disability (theory) into women's and gender studies and intends to take stock of the status and development of this integration. By means of qualitative content analysis, excerpts of German and US handbooks of gender research are examined for their degree of integrating disability (theory) and for inherent ableism. Considering the scholars' requests of full integration and a subsequent transformation of gender research the sample shows only minor signs of change and the request must be upheld.

This is an article about the struggle for control of knowledge in a divided society. It starts off by describing Belgium as a consociational democracy — that is, a society organized around integrated pillars of society (Catholic, secular), each of which provides a wide range of services (educational, training, health, health insurance, social care, family planning, leisure) to 'its' people. This special politico-institutional arrangement inherited from the past, though it has evolved, still has profound implications for the way knowledge circulates (or not) and for the way it is used (or not) and perceived both within pillars and across the policy realm: the co-existence of distinct communities requires a form of discretion. The article then goes on to describe the specific incidents that occurred in the course of a recent research project: the authors' written reports produced unexpected effects. They try to make sense of these events by reflecting on how the specific Belgian context can affect and be affected by the production of knowledge about itself. Finally, they extend their reflection to other contexts by emphasizing the general process behind their observation: the transformative effect of knowledge. Knowledge needs to be understood as an act (of construction) that can affect its very object of analysis.

This is an article about the struggle for control of knowledge in a divided society. It starts off by describing Belgium as a consociational democracy — that is, a society organized around integrated pillars of society (Catholic, secular), each of which provides a wide range of services (educational, training, health, health insurance, social care, family planning, leisure) to 'its' people. This special politico-institutional arrangement inherited from the past, though it has evolved, still has profound implications for the way knowledge circulates (or not) and for the way it is used (or not) and perceived both within pillars and across the policy realm: the co-existence of distinct communities requires a form of discretion. The article then goes on to describe the specific incidents that occurred in the course of a recent research project: the authors' written reports produced unexpected effects. They try to make sense of these events by reflecting on how the specific Belgian context can affect and be affected by the production of knowledge about itself. Finally, they extend their reflection to other contexts by emphasizing the general process behind their observation: the transformative effect of knowledge. Knowledge needs to be understood as an act (of construction) that can affect its very object of analysis.

The article takes up feminist disability scholars' request for an integration of disability (theory) into women's and gender studies and intends to take stock of the status and development of this integration. By means of qualitative content analysis, excerpts of German and US handbooks of gender research are examined for their degree of integrating disability (theory) and for inherent ableism. Considering the scholars' requests of full integration and a subsequent transformation of gender research the sample shows only minor signs of change and the request must be upheld.

This article focuses on three key debates within China about the formation of Chinese feminisms: the origin of the Chinese women's movement; the theoretical debates on the origin of women's subordination; and what constitutes legitimate knowledge. It considers these internal debates in relation to the dialogues that Chinese feminists have pursued with western feminisms, and more specifically UN-based international feminisms. Chinese feminism is above all heterogeneous, and despite common beliefs about Chinese political discourse, meaningful debates do take place within Chinese feminism. However, the spectre of the West always lurks in the background of domestic debates. I situate the Chinese feminist debates in the political economy of knowledge production (how is knowledge produced, by whom and for whom, and who pays). My purpose is to shed light on the emergence of these debates and the stakes involved, in a society that is transitioning from an autarchic, centrally planned economy, from a Maoist politics of mass movement and from the devaluation of intellectuals and book-based knowledge. Central to the course of these debates is the emergence of a globally connected market economy, technocratic rule and a 'knowledge economy'. Adapted from the source document.

Although globalization processes have brought the world closer through the exchange of knowledge, ideas and practices, advances in knowledge dissemination have not been mirrored by expansion in sites and modes of knowledge production. This article probes this disjuncture and asks how deglobalization might chart different pathways by delving into the intellectual history of the making of International Relations (IR). Focusing its gaze on the structuring principles of knowledge creation and modes of knowing rather than specific issues and problematiques of IR, it analyses the historical impact of western Enlightenment thinking through centuries-long imperialism, which continues to limit the agency of many states in the re-making of their life-worlds. The article describes deglobalization as a longue durée historical response that offers different possibilities for countering or challenging the discursive hegemony of the 'West'. It discusses a 'nationalist' response by China—a rising power and a more dispersed, global academic endeavour seeking to decolonize IR's modes of knowledge production to better account for the diverse ground realities of its many worlds.

Das discusses region as a source of theory and raises concerns about the current state of scholarship, especially (1) the censorship of ideas made possible by government control over research along with a public culture that is increasingly intolerant of differences in interpretation in the name of a feeling ethics; (2) the production of knowledge at different institutional sites that might stand in a tense relation to authorized institutional discourses; and (3) dangerous developments in the rise of new subdisciplines such as global health, which have had serious consequences for freedom of inquiry as a false consensus is generated over what counts as "success" in policy interventions.

Hana Horäkovä. - Introduction: The contents and the chapters. - Hana Horäkovä. - Knowledge production in and on Africa: Knowledge gatekeepers, . - decolonisation, alternative representations. - Daniel C. Bach. - Africa in international relations: The frontier as concept and . - metaphor. - Dominik Kopihski. - China and the United States in the African petroleum sector: . - Knowledge gaps, myths and poor numbers. - Alzbeta Sväblovä. - Reconciliation in Liberia: Discourse, knowledge, consequences. - Mvuselelo Ngcoya, Naren Kumarakulasingam. - Indigenous gardening: Plants, indigeneity and settling/unsettling . - in South Africa. - Stephanie Rudwick. - Afrikaans and institutional identity: A South African university in . - the crossfire. - Katerina Werkman. - Is Africa exceptionally infectious? A comparison of Ebola and . - SARS coverage in the Czech media. - Katerina Mildnerovä. - "Obscene and diabolic and bloody fetishism": European. - conceptualisation of Vodun through the history of Christian missions. - Viera Pawlikova-Vilhanova. - African historians and the production of historical knowledge in . - Africa: Some reflections. - Maciej Kurcz. - The images of Omdurman: The symbolic role of an African city . - during the period of colonialism from the perspective of archival . - photographs. - Silvestr Trnovec. - History production and interpretation on and within French West . - Africa in 1900-1957: From a French colonial doctrine to an . - African perspective. - Jarmila Svihranova. - Representations of Africans in the documents of the German . - Imperial Office and in pre-war academia in the case of German . - South West Africa