Suchergebnisse

Artikulu honek Estatu espainiarra eta horren legez kanpoko euskal terroristaren irudiaren eraikuntzari buruzko alderdi esanguratsu batzuk landu nahi ditu. ZEN plana (1983), Arartekoren analisiak (2009), edota Ertzaintzaren web antiterrorista (2011) bezalako Estatu nazioaren diskurtso ofizialak ezinbesteko egingo dira komunitatearen eraikuntzarako. Testu horiek diziplina, botere subiranoa eta kudeaketa gobernamentalaren analisira garamtzate. Triangelu horrek legez kanpokoa homo sacer gisara eraikiko du subjek(tifika)zio teknologia ezberdinen bitartez. ; This article attempts to provide some keynotes in trying to understand the construction of the Spanish State and it's Basque terrorist outlaw. The Nation State's institutional discourses such as the ZEN plan (1983), Ararteko's analysis (2009) or Ertzaintza's antiterrorist website (2011) become indispensable tools for the community's construction. These texts lead to an interpretation of discipline, sovereign power and governmental management through the subjec(tifica)tion technologies that build the outlaw as Homo Sacer. ; Este artículo trata de proporcionar algunas claves en un intento de comprender la construcción del Estado Español y del terrorismo Vasco al margen de la ley. Los discursos institucionales como el plan ZEN (1983), el análisis de Ararteko (2009) o la página web antiterrorista de la Ertzaintza (2011) se convierten en herramientas imprescindibles para la construcción de la comunidad. Estos textos nos conducen a una interpretación de la disciplina, del poder soberano y la gestión gubernamental a través de las tecnologías de su(b)je(tiva)ción que construye el fuera de la ley como Homo Sacer. ; Aquest article tracta de proporcionar algunes claus per intentar entendre la construcció de l'Estat espanyol i la del terrorista basc proscrit. Els discursos institucionals de l'Estat, com ara el plan ZEN (1983), l'anàlisi d'Ararteko (2009) o la pàgina web antiterrorista de l'Ertzaintza (2011) esdevenen eines indispensables per a la construcció de la comunitat. Aquests textos porten a una interpretació de la disciplina, el poder sobirà i l'administració governamental a través de les estratègies de subjec(tiva)ció que fan del proscrit un Homo Sacer.

Aquest article postula la possibilitat de precisar un lloc d'arrelament entre les dones escriptores des de la condició d'exili en la formulació escriptuària. La condició d'exili (interior o exterior), soferta al llarg de la segona meitat del segle XX per raons polítiques entre els intel·lectuals argentins, és més densa en el cas de les dones que escriuen. Condició que es pot rastrejar formalment a les escriptures, les dones observades en aquest plantejament, Tununa Mercado i María Negroni, aconsegueixen fer i fer-se un lloc des d'eixa coordenada aportant una altra manera de fer literatura. En aquest article es donarà compte d'eixe lloc partint de dues de les novel·les de les autores: Yo nunca te prometí la eternidad (2005) i La Anunciación (2007), respectivament. ; This article calls for the possibility of determining a settlement place for the women who contribute to the writing process as exiles. The exile expericence, whether interior or exterior, that was endured for policital reasons by Argentinean intellectuals during the second half of the 20th century, was more intense for women who write. This experience is reliably reproduced in the writings of the two women studied in this paper: Tununa Mercado and María Negroni. Both of these women are able to make and make for themselves a place from that location; they provide a different way of making literature. This article will analyze that place using two of their novels: Yo nunca te prometí la eternidad [I never promised you eternity] (2005) and La anunciación [The Annunciation] (2007), respectively. ; El presente artículo postula la posibilidad de precisar un lugar de arraigo entre las mujeres que escriben desde la condición de exilio en la formulación escrituraria. La condición de exilio (interior o exterior), sufrida a lo largo de la segunda mitad del siglo XX por razones políticas entre los intelectuales argentinos, se adensa en el caso de las mujeres que escriben. Condición rastreable formalmente en sus escrituras, las mujeres observadas en este planteo, Tununa Mercado y María Negroni, consiguen hacer y hacerse un lugar desde esa coordenada aportando otra manera de hacer literatura. En este artículo se dará cuenta de ese lugar desde dos de sus novelas: Yo nunca te prometí la eternidad (2005) y La Anunciación (2007), respectivamente. ; Artikulu honek erbestealditik idazten duten emakumeentzat idazketa-formulazioan sustraitze-toki bat zehazteko aukera defendatzen du. XX. mendearen bigarren erdialdean, arrazoi politikoak zirela eta, Argentinako intelektualek jasandako erbestealdia (barnekoa zein kanpokoa) larriagoa izan zen emakumezko idazleen artean. Emakume horien idazketetan formalki ikus daiteke erbesteratuak izatearen arrastoa. Lan honetan aztertutako emakumeek, Tutuna Mercadok eta María Negronik, bizitzan beren tokia topatzea lortzen dute eta literatura egiteko beste modu bat eskaintzen digute. Artikulu honetan, toki horren berri emango dugu haien bi eleberri oinarri hartuta: Yo nunca te prometí la eternidad (2005) eta La Anunciación (2007), hurrenez hurren.

Introduction: Disasters caused by natural phenomena or human activity often occur in Bulgaria. Social and economic consequences of these have a significant adverse effect on its development and economic growth. Given the complexity and scope of disaster situations, it is necessary to unite the efforts of all responsible institutions and actively involve them in activities to limit human, social, economic and natural damage and losses.Aim: To study the current state of the system for protection of the population in emergency situations in Bulgaria.Materials and methods: Descriptive analysis of scientific publications and normative documents concerning the management, organization and mechanisms for protection of the population in emergency situations in Bulgaria have been used.Results: Results of the analysis of key regulatory documents in Bulgaria on the management and organization of the population protection in disaster situations are presented. The main structures and institutions in the Republic of Bulgaria, responsible and related to the protection of the population in disaster situations are indicated.Conclusion: The system of protection of the population in emergency situations in Bulgaria is strictly regulated and synchronized with the European Union policy in this respect. The state policy for protection of the population together with the developed National Programs of the Council of Ministers outline the main directions for the establishment of an effective, resourceful and technically secure national system for prevention, protection and action in disaster situations.

Тематски Зборник Свакодневна култура у постсоцијалистичком периоду настао је као резултат научне сарадње Етнографског института САНУи Етнографског института и музеја БАН. Велике политичке и друштвене промене током деведесетих година 20.века озбиљно су се одразиле на свакодневну културу балканских земаља. Управо у периоду кризе, две суседне етнолошке установе, бугарска и српска, које више деценија током социјалисатичког периода нису сарађивале, отпочеле су заједнички рад на истраживању свакодневне културе. Зборник показује у ком правацу су се одвијали културни процеси у Србији и Бугарској, које су сличности и разлике међу њима, али и шта се дешава у постсоцијалистичком периоду у појединим сегментима свакодневне култура Словака, Руса и Македонаца. ; The Collection of Papers entitled ―Everyday Culture in post-socialist period is a result of collaboration between the Institute of Ethnography, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, and the Institute of Ethnography and Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. The enormous political and social changes during the 1990's influenced also everyday culture of the Balkans states. After decades of hinder, and precisely in the period of crisis, two neighboring ethnological institutions, the Bulgarian and Serbian, started to cooperate together in the study of everyday culture.The Collection of Papers demonstrates the directions of the cultural processes in Serbia and Bulgaria, accentuating the differences and similarities among the two states, and also explains the deeds within certain segments of everyday cultures of Slovaks, Russians and Macedonians. ; Зборник радова Етнографског института САНУ 22 / Collection of Papers of the Institute of Ethnography SASA 22

Informal patient payments are deeply rooted in Central and Eastern European countries. Despite the socio-political changes in the health care sectors after 1990s and the subsequent health care reforms, informal payments for health care services continue to serve patients` and physicians` interests. These payments also fill gaps in health care funding in this European region. Nevertheless, unofficial payments are not a desirable payment channel. They lack transparency and distort the efficiency and equity in health care provision. Still, the successful elimination of these payments will depend on the public attitude towards these payments. This study aims to compare public attitudes towards informal patient payments and payment experience in six Central and Eastern European: Bulgaria, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Ukraine. The data have been collected in 2010 in nation-wide representative surveys using an identical standardized question- naire administrated via face-to-face interviews. We have collected about 1000 questionnaires in each country. The results show that a major group of respondents in each country expresses a negative attitude towards both informal cash payments and in-kind gifts. 208, 187, and 174 respondents paid informally for out-patient service in Ukraine, Romania, and Hungary respectively. We also analyse the relation between public attitudes and respondents` past experience with informal payments, e.g. whether they have paid informally payment for out-patient service used last year. In Bulgaria and Poland, negative attitude is mostly observed among those who have not paid informally. The existence of positive and indifferent attitudes towards informal pay- ments as reported in our study, indicates a challenge for policy makers in Central and Eastern European countries. The acceptance of government initiatives aimed at the elimination of informal payments will largely depend on the governments` ability to create a social resistance towards these payments.

Książka stanowi tom studiów autorstwa polskich i zagranicznych językoznawców poświęcony zmianom we współczesnych językach słowiańskich, szczególnie widocznym w słownictwie i słowotwórstwie. Uwzględnienie aspektu stylowo-funkcjonalnego w rozwoju leksyki pozwala lepiej zrozumieć dynamikę zmian językowych i skuteczność działań komunikacyjnych. Celowościowy i pragmatyczny charakter zachowań komunikacyjnych ujawnia się szeroko w uwzględnionych przez Autorów kontekstach społecznych, politycznych i kulturowych. Prace zostały pogrupowane w trzy działy tematyczne: - Zjawiska, procesy i tendencje rozwojowe w słownictwie specjalistycznym (terminologii); - Dynamika mechanizmów słowotwórczych i leksykalnych; - Zmiany leksykalne we współczesnej komunikacji językowej i dyskursie. Wyodrębnione działy pomagają uporządkować przedstawioną w tomie problematykę, wskazując na dominantę tematyczną w poszczególnych tekstach. Zakresy tych grup nie są jednak ostre, złożona i wielowarstwowa problematyka tendencji i zmian we współczesnym słownictwie słowiańskim jest omawiana w różnym stopniu w każdym z wydzielonych działów. W większości prac zastosowano podejście konfrontatywne, pozostałe stanowią podstawę do takiego ujęcia. Do badań wykorzystany został bogaty materiał języków słowiańskich: polskiego, czeskiego, słowackiego, białoruskiego, rosyjskiego, ukraińskiego, bułgarskiego, słoweńskiego, a także innych języków, jak np. nowogreckiego. ; This volume of studies by Polish and international linguists is devoted to changes in modern Slavic languages, which are especially noticeable in the spheres of vocabulary and word formation. Taking into consideration the stylistic and functional aspect of lexis development allows for a better understanding of the dynamics of language change and the efficacy of communicational acts. The purposeful and pragmatic character of communicational behaviour manifests itself widely in the social, political and cultural contexts considered by the Authors. The works comprising the volume are divided into three thematic sections: - Phenomena, processes and tendencies in the development of specialist lexis (terminology); - Word formation and lexical mechanisms dynamics; - Lexical change in modern language communication and discourse. The sections help organize the volume by highlighting the dominant theme in particular texts. The scopes of the sections are, nevertheless, not sharply delineated – each section is to an equal extent devoted to the complex and multifaceted subject-matter of the tendencies and changes in modern Slavic vocabulary. Most of the works comprised in the volume adopt a contrastive approach, the remaining ones can serve as bases for contrastive studies. The text analyse the rich material of the Slavic languages – Polish, Czech, Slovak, Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian and Slovene – as well as of other languages, like Modern Greek. ; Publikacja finansowana ze środków Instytutu Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk