Suchergebnisse

The article presents and solves the scientific problem of identifying the legal nature and content of social justice as an integral part of the principle of justice. The theoretical and normative basis of the study were scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of jurisprudence, philosophy, political science, sociology, history. They are devoted to the general problems of the essence of the principle of justice, its value and normative content, social and legal nature of the principle of justice, issues of legal certainty and stability of legal regulation, specific problems of implementation of the constitutional principle of justice. The problem of justice, namely social justice becomes especially relevant in the context of globalization. The practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine shows that the Constitution of Ukraine does not enshrine the principle of social justice in a direct form, but the entire legal system is based on the idea of justice. It is established that justice essentially reflects the realities of a society, the level of its cultural and legal maturity. It can manifest itself at different social levels, in different spatial and temporal dimensions. Thus, correlating the concepts of justice and law, justice can be considered as a legal standard with which the real socio-economic, political, financial, moral and ideological relations. Justice is not only a moral, philosophical category, but, first of all, a legal one. Justice is a legal phenomenon that relates to the very essence of law and is the distinguishing feature between law and the principles of law. In addition, it is a phenomenon of morality, because it is an idea that determines the moral principles of society. It should be noted that in some cases the application of the principle of justice is complicated, for example, when it conflicts with the principle of legality. Attention is drawn to the fact that in our state the principle of justice is not fully implemented. Social justice is the most important social value, a creative phenomenon that contributes to the reform of society on the basis of democ-racy and humanism. ; Стаття поставлена і вирішена наукова проблема виявлення юридичної природи та змісту соціальної справедливості як складова частина принципу справедливості. Теоретичну і нормативну основу дослі-дження склали научние праці вітчизняних і зарубіжних вчених в області юріспруденціі, філософії, політо-логії, соціології, історії. Вони присвячені загальним проблемам сутності принципу справедливості, його ціннісного і нормативного змісту, соціальної та юридичної природи принципа справедливості, питань правової визначеності та стабільності правового регулювання, специфічним проблемам реалізації консти-туційного принципу справедливості. Проблема справедливості, а саме соціальної справедливості набуває особливої актуальностіу контексті глобалізаційних процесів. Практика Конституційного Суду України свідчить, про те що у Конституції України принцип соціальної справедливості не закріплений у прямій формі, проте уся правова система ґрунтується на ідеї справедливості. Встановлено, що справедливість по суті відображає реалії того чи іншого суспільства, рівень його культурної та правової зрілості. Вона може проявлятися на різних громадських рівнях, в різних просторових і часових вимірах. Отже, співвід-носячи поняття справедливості та права, справедливість можна розглядати як правовий стандарт, з яким співвідносяться реальні соціально-економічні, політичні, фінансові, моральні та ідеологічні відносини. Справедливість – це не лише моральна, філософська категорія, а, насамперед, правова. Справедливість – це правове явище, що відноситься до самої сутності права та є відмежувальною ознакою між правом і принципами права. Крім того, є феноменом моралі, оскільки виступає ідеєю, яка визначає моральні засади суспільства. Слід зазначити, що в деяких випадках застосування принципу справедливості усклад-нюється, наприклад, тоді, коли він вступає в колізію з принципом законності. Звертається увагу на те, що в нашій державі принцип справедливості не реалізовується повною мірою. Соціальна справедливість є найважливішою соціальною цінністю, творчим феноменом, що сприяє реформуванню суспільства на засадах демократії та гуманізму.

The article presents and solves the scientific problem of identifying the legal nature and content of social justice as an integral part of the principle of justice. The theoretical and normative basis of the study were scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of jurisprudence, philosophy, political science, sociology, history. They are devoted to the general problems of the essence of the principle of justice, its value and normative content, social and legal nature of the principle of justice, issues of legal certainty and stability of legal regulation, specific problems of implementation of the constitutional principle of justice. The problem of justice, namely social justice becomes especially relevant in the context of globalization. The practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine shows that the Constitution of Ukraine does not enshrine the principle of social justice in a direct form, but the entire legal system is based on the idea of justice. It is established that justice essentially reflects the realities of a society, the level of its cultural and legal maturity. It can manifest itself at different social levels, in different spatial and temporal dimensions. Thus, correlating the concepts of justice and law, justice can be considered as a legal standard with which the real socio-economic, political, financial, moral and ideological relations. Justice is not only a moral, philosophical category, but, first of all, a legal one. Justice is a legal phenomenon that relates to the very essence of law and is the distinguishing feature between law and the principles of law. In addition, it is a phenomenon of morality, because it is an idea that determines the moral principles of society. It should be noted that in some cases the application of the principle of justice is complicated, for example, when it conflicts with the principle of legality. Attention is drawn to the fact that in our state the principle of justice is not fully implemented. Social justice is the most important social value, a creative phenomenon that contributes to the reform of society on the basis of democ-racy and humanism. ; Стаття поставлена і вирішена наукова проблема виявлення юридичної природи та змісту соціальної справедливості як складова частина принципу справедливості. Теоретичну і нормативну основу дослі-дження склали научние праці вітчизняних і зарубіжних вчених в області юріспруденціі, філософії, політо-логії, соціології, історії. Вони присвячені загальним проблемам сутності принципу справедливості, його ціннісного і нормативного змісту, соціальної та юридичної природи принципа справедливості, питань правової визначеності та стабільності правового регулювання, специфічним проблемам реалізації консти-туційного принципу справедливості. Проблема справедливості, а саме соціальної справедливості набуває особливої актуальностіу контексті глобалізаційних процесів. Практика Конституційного Суду України свідчить, про те що у Конституції України принцип соціальної справедливості не закріплений у прямій формі, проте уся правова система ґрунтується на ідеї справедливості. Встановлено, що справедливість по суті відображає реалії того чи іншого суспільства, рівень його культурної та правової зрілості. Вона може проявлятися на різних громадських рівнях, в різних просторових і часових вимірах. Отже, співвід-носячи поняття справедливості та права, справедливість можна розглядати як правовий стандарт, з яким співвідносяться реальні соціально-економічні, політичні, фінансові, моральні та ідеологічні відносини. Справедливість – це не лише моральна, філософська категорія, а, насамперед, правова. Справедливість – це правове явище, що відноситься до самої сутності права та є відмежувальною ознакою між правом і принципами права. Крім того, є феноменом моралі, оскільки виступає ідеєю, яка визначає моральні засади суспільства. Слід зазначити, що в деяких випадках застосування принципу справедливості усклад-нюється, наприклад, тоді, коли він вступає в колізію з принципом законності. Звертається увагу на те, що в нашій державі принцип справедливості не реалізовується повною мірою. Соціальна справедливість є найважливішою соціальною цінністю, творчим феноменом, що сприяє реформуванню суспільства на засадах демократії та гуманізму.

The article analyses the attitudes of modern libertarianism (F. Hayek, R. Nozick, J. Narveson) and its predecessors (J. Locke, A. Smith) to the problem of social justice. The Market symbolizes basic premises of libertarianism: a) productivity of commerce self-interest, b) an organic identity between private property and freedom, c) conceptual individualism. Conclusion, based on those premises, is that simple, commutative (making correction) justice only demands to undo any damage to other members of human society. Following these conditions enables peaceful collaboration among people. Meanwhile, the principle of social justice demands to divide material wealth among the society members according to the criteria of their moral merits or economic rights. The libertarians argue that it is impossible in the free society due to the following: 1) people attach different significance to different merits, 2) the connection between values of payments and merits is accidental, 3) the universal scale of merits, for instance, in accordance with work, could be applied at the expense of human rights. The tribal origin of social justice is found by the libertarians. They claim that hunting for social justice in welfare states (also in Lithuania) has laid foundations for "workers' ideology"– populism. As a result of populist politics, the states suffer from corruption, wasting of the budget resources and demagogic rhetoric. The libertarians do not claim having a universal key to solve all. [to full text]

The article analyses the attitudes of modern libertarianism (F. Hayek, R. Nozick, J. Narveson) and its predecessors (J. Locke, A. Smith) to the problem of social justice. The Market symbolizes basic premises of libertarianism: a) productivity of commerce self-interest, b) an organic identity between private property and freedom, c) conceptual individualism. Conclusion, based on those premises, is that simple, commutative (making correction) justice only demands to undo any damage to other members of human society. Following these conditions enables peaceful collaboration among people. Meanwhile, the principle of social justice demands to divide material wealth among the society members according to the criteria of their moral merits or economic rights. The libertarians argue that it is impossible in the free society due to the following: 1) people attach different significance to different merits, 2) the connection between values of payments and merits is accidental, 3) the universal scale of merits, for instance, in accordance with work, could be applied at the expense of human rights. The tribal origin of social justice is found by the libertarians. They claim that hunting for social justice in welfare states (also in Lithuania) has laid foundations for "workers' ideology"– populism. As a result of populist politics, the states suffer from corruption, wasting of the budget resources and demagogic rhetoric. The libertarians do not claim having a universal key to solve all. [to full text]

У статті досліджується загальний розвиток філософської думки щодо питання справедливості, звернуто увагу на роль справедливості як основоположної цінності права, проаналізовано такий вид справедливості, як соціальна, зокрема в межах трудового права; наведено приклади нормативного закріплення соціальної справедливості в трудовому законодавстві різних країн, порівняно з Україною; розкрито основні положення діяльності Європейського Союзу та Міжнародної організації праці у сфері реалізації ідеї соціальної справедливості. ; The article deals with the general development of philosophical thought on the question of justice; attention is drawn to the role of justice as the fundamental value of law; analyzed the type of justice such as social, in particular within labor law; provided examples of normative consolidation of social justice in the labor law of different countries, in comparison with Ukraine; the main provisions of the activities of the European Union and the International Labor Organization in the realization of the idea of social justice are described.The research has shown interest to studying justice by both philosophers and scholars. Including that justice is an all-encompassing category, it is not surprising to have a stable connection with the law, for which it serves the value or orientation. Category of "social justice" becomes more popular nowadays, especially in labor law. We can state that social justice in labor law creates opportunities for the distribution of social benefits, produces the desire of members of society to be involved in the process of labor. And, finally, its implementation in labor relations is a guarantee of the highest level of their effectiveness, which implies unconditional compliance with safeguards and the realization of labor rights.It is mentioned that social justice cannot exist without its legislative consolidation and control over implementation by the state. The direct formulation of social justice as a goal is possible both at the consti- tutional level and at the level of labor legislation. In addition to national legislation, an important role in the development of the idea of social justice plays supranational legislation; in particular, the article analyzes the activities of the European Union and the International Labor Organization. The value of their activities lies not only in the fact that their normative documents operate with social justice as a prerequisite and purpose of their activity, but also through continuous monitoring and recommendations they provide to the states. Thus, within the framework of the European Union, a special social justice criterion (Social Justice Index) has been developed. That makes possible to evaluate and compare the level of social justice in the EU member states. Therefore, we propose to recognize and consolidate social justice as the underlying value, on which modern labor law is based.

У статті досліджується загальний розвиток філософської думки щодо питання справедливості, звернуто увагу на роль справедливості як основоположної цінності права, проаналізовано такий вид справедливості, як соціальна, зокрема в межах трудового права; наведено приклади нормативного закріплення соціальної справедливості в трудовому законодавстві різних країн, порівняно з Україною; розкрито основні положення діяльності Європейського Союзу та Міжнародної організації праці у сфері реалізації ідеї соціальної справедливості. ; The article deals with the general development of philosophical thought on the question of justice; attention is drawn to the role of justice as the fundamental value of law; analyzed the type of justice such as social, in particular within labor law; provided examples of normative consolidation of social justice in the labor law of different countries, in comparison with Ukraine; the main provisions of the activities of the European Union and the International Labor Organization in the realization of the idea of social justice are described.The research has shown interest to studying justice by both philosophers and scholars. Including that justice is an all-encompassing category, it is not surprising to have a stable connection with the law, for which it serves the value or orientation. Category of "social justice" becomes more popular nowadays, especially in labor law. We can state that social justice in labor law creates opportunities for the distribution of social benefits, produces the desire of members of society to be involved in the process of labor. And, finally, its implementation in labor relations is a guarantee of the highest level of their effectiveness, which implies unconditional compliance with safeguards and the realization of labor rights.It is mentioned that social justice cannot exist without its legislative consolidation and control over implementation by the state. The direct formulation of social justice as a goal is possible both at the consti- tutional level and at the level of labor legislation. In addition to national legislation, an important role in the development of the idea of social justice plays supranational legislation; in particular, the article analyzes the activities of the European Union and the International Labor Organization. The value of their activities lies not only in the fact that their normative documents operate with social justice as a prerequisite and purpose of their activity, but also through continuous monitoring and recommendations they provide to the states. Thus, within the framework of the European Union, a special social justice criterion (Social Justice Index) has been developed. That makes possible to evaluate and compare the level of social justice in the EU member states. Therefore, we propose to recognize and consolidate social justice as the underlying value, on which modern labor law is based.

The paper outlines some particular characteristics of the phenomenon of freedom as a necessary principle of social justice, determines essential features of freedom and the area of its functioning. The author stresses that all the modern directions in the analytic political philosophy, being based on the key ideas of Enlighteners, pay considerable attention to the formulation of the conditions of freedom and methods of its practical realization. ; В статтi окреслюється специфiка феномену свободи як необхiдного принципу соцiальної справедливостi, визначаються сутнiснi характеристики свободи, встановлюється сфера її функцiонування. Автор стверджує, що всi сучаснi напрямки аналiтичної полiтичної фiлософiї, багато в чому спираючись на соцiально-фiлософськi iдеї просвiтникiв, велику увагу придiляють формулюванню умов досягнення свободи та знаходженню методiв її практичного втiлення.

Education accessibility has become of great relevance in the European Union in recent decades, when the attention has been paid to its integral influence in shaping social, cultural, economic and political situation. Education accessibility enhances each country's or region`s intellectual potential and promotes integration into the economic competitiveness of the area, not only in the context of the European countries, but also in international forums. This decade, all EU member states launched a decentralisation of education management by promoting employment and reducing unemployment. In the Republic of Lithuania, on the basis of the principle of subsidiarity, education decentralisation and responsible management are under implementation; schools, municipal and state functions are redistributed, municipality responsibility to education accessibility has increased. The priority direction of education reform in the Republic of Lithuania is the development of infrastructure, i.e., the reorganization of the network of education services and the optimisation that would guarantee access to learning. Education accessibility is particularly relevant for socially marginalised and poor citizens. [.]

Education accessibility has become of great relevance in the European Union in recent decades, when the attention has been paid to its integral influence in shaping social, cultural, economic and political situation. Education accessibility enhances each country's or region`s intellectual potential and promotes integration into the economic competitiveness of the area, not only in the context of the European countries, but also in international forums. This decade, all EU member states launched a decentralisation of education management by promoting employment and reducing unemployment. In the Republic of Lithuania, on the basis of the principle of subsidiarity, education decentralisation and responsible management are under implementation; schools, municipal and state functions are redistributed, municipality responsibility to education accessibility has increased. The priority direction of education reform in the Republic of Lithuania is the development of infrastructure, i.e., the reorganization of the network of education services and the optimisation that would guarantee access to learning. Education accessibility is particularly relevant for socially marginalised and poor citizens. [.]

The changes in modern welfare states engendered by globalization, social needs and environmental issues evoke the question of the social bases of support of the modern welfare state system. Although socially just sustainable society is the main value and thegeneral purpose of social development, the concept of a model for the ideal society accepted by some groups of different ideologies and different levels of development significantly differs. The research on social values in the scientific literature indicates the two social groups, citizens and consumers, having the sharpest contrasts in social value systems. This difference between these groups derives from two distinct ideologies and distinct value systems. By searching for the answer how the differences of these groups impact the perception of social justice values, which is crucial for a long term socio-economic development, the authors developed a theoretical framework, which outlines the structural relationship between the social attributes, principles of justice and individual preferences. Using data from a recent representative populationbased survey on attitudes about social justice, conducted in Lithuania in 2013 (N=1050), the authors of the article tested a number of assumptions and theoretical hypothesis. The findings revealed three different sets of respondents with distinct value preferences and collectivistic attitudes. The authors also found that these groups have significant differences not only in evaluating the factors that determine the income of the people, but also in the trust in government, participation in decision making, etc. The results allowed to distinguish characteristic features and social justice attitudes of the groups and to create the attribute sets.Prepared according to the scientific project financed by LSC SIN-12005 "Guidelines for Forming Social Justice Perception of Citizens and Customers".

The changes in modern welfare states engendered by globalization, social needs and environmental issues evoke the question of the social bases of support of the modern welfare state system. Although socially just sustainable society is the main value and thegeneral purpose of social development, the concept of a model for the ideal society accepted by some groups of different ideologies and different levels of development significantly differs. The research on social values in the scientific literature indicates the two social groups, citizens and consumers, having the sharpest contrasts in social value systems. This difference between these groups derives from two distinct ideologies and distinct value systems. By searching for the answer how the differences of these groups impact the perception of social justice values, which is crucial for a long term socio-economic development, the authors developed a theoretical framework, which outlines the structural relationship between the social attributes, principles of justice and individual preferences. Using data from a recent representative populationbased survey on attitudes about social justice, conducted in Lithuania in 2013 (N=1050), the authors of the article tested a number of assumptions and theoretical hypothesis. The findings revealed three different sets of respondents with distinct value preferences and collectivistic attitudes. The authors also found that these groups have significant differences not only in evaluating the factors that determine the income of the people, but also in the trust in government, participation in decision making, etc. The results allowed to distinguish characteristic features and social justice attitudes of the groups and to create the attribute sets.Prepared according to the scientific project financed by LSC SIN-12005 "Guidelines for Forming Social Justice Perception of Citizens and Customers".

The paper deals with the problem of social justice and a version of its resolving within modern analytic political philosophy. The author analyses utilitarian, liberal and communitarian approaches and claims that the mutual good hast to be considered a social ideal which is expressed by the triad of universal, public and private. ; Стаття присвячена проблемі соціальної справедливості та варіанту її вирішення в рамках сучасної аналітичної політичної філософії. На основі аналізу утилітаристського, ліберального і комунітаристського підходів авторстверджує, що взаємне благо необхідно розглядати як суспільний ідеал, що виражається тріадою загального, публічного і приватного.

What is the role of social democratic paradigm in Lithuanian society? In the article a short history of development social democracy policy worldwide is presented, emphasizing the main stages of its history and paying attention to the different present conditions that have particularly changed during the last 30 years under the influence of neoliberal ideas.

What is the role of social democratic paradigm in Lithuanian society? In the article a short history of development social democracy policy worldwide is presented, emphasizing the main stages of its history and paying attention to the different present conditions that have particularly changed during the last 30 years under the influence of neoliberal ideas.

What is the role of social democratic paradigm in Lithuanian society? In the article a short history of development social democracy policy worldwide is presented, emphasizing the main stages of its history and paying attention to the different present conditions that have particularly changed during the last 30 years under the influence of neoliberal ideas.