Suchergebnisse

The main objective of this article is to present some of the main arguments by Eric Weil that support the relevant thesis of the importance of free and deliberate choice of human beings for rational life. This demonstrates, therefore, that it is reasonable to search for a more and more humanized existence, founded on fundamental values of human life, such as honesty, justice and happiness. This makes gradually and progressively possible to overcome and to deter, as far as possible, different types of violence. However, human beings are aware that total eradication of violence in the world is unthinkable, since freedom of human beings is a process of continuous deliberation and choice, at personal, communal and social level.

From a sociocultural constructivist perspective, this paper analyses the sociocultural processes involved in children's participation in criminal organizations in Rio de Janeiro, and in other violent and armed environments. The analysis is based on the work of Dowdney (2003, 2005), and the work of the Slum Monitoring Center (Observatorio de Favelas, 2006). The article discusses the concept of childhood, and identifies the major factors affecting child development within such contexts: the strategies used by adults to induct children into a criminal organization and to keep them there. It highlights the role of school and work, two environments universally present in the research participants' own narratives. To study the topic demands a systematic approach so as to account for the variety of factors at work, from the historicosocial forces revealed in the social practices and the collective culture of gangs, to issues such as autonomy and social responsibility. The paper stresses the need to create collective spaces for expressing and coconstructing meanings, which may encourage social and personal reflection, and so promote healthy developmental contexts for both the individual and society.

This article describes the creation of a memory initiative in Medellín, Colombia: a commemorative wall with the names of the people murdered in Santo
Domingo Savio's neighborhood. Based on this description, the authors analyze the relations among the conceptions of memory, common, and community, and call into question the consequences of commemorating the murderers in the same space of
the victims. Why is recognition central for the public discussion on memory? Is there a legitimate and an illegitimate way of mourning? Which lives really matter? The analysis is carried out from the results of two doctoral researches with emphasis on
the concepts of community, common and identity. The article concludes that in the case of the commemorative wall of Santo Domingo Savio, what is common to this group are the feelings of loss and vulnerability in facing violence. As a result, what
relates the members of this territory is less a positive identity than the recognition of their losses as well as their common dealing with finitude and death.

As emissoras de TV pioneiras no Brasil na década de cinquenta viram o número de concorrentes aumentar consideravelmente durante o governo militar, que distribuiu concessões em troca de apoio político. Quatro décadas depois a guerra pela audiência ficou ainda mais acirrada com o surgimento e consolidação da internet. O novo meio e a popularização dos canais fechados, roubaram os segmentos A e B da TV aberta e fizeram com que as emissoras televisivas mudassem profundamente seu conteúdo. Uma dessas mudanças foi a supervalorização da violência como valor-notícia. Considerando os gêneros jornalísticos como gêneros discursivos, quais as implicações dessa forma de exposição da violência na qualidade da cobertura jornalística e consequentemente na imparcialidade editorial?

Nach den Wahlergebnissen vom September 1992, die der Verlierer Savimbi nicht anerkannte, brach in Angola erneut der Bürgerkrieg aus. Der Artikel schildert den Verlauf seit dem Herbst 1992 und nennt die Hintergründe der verschiedenen Interessengruppen. Dazu gehören u.a. separatistische Bestrebungen Savimbis und die Machtkämpfe um die öl- und diamantenreichen Gebiete, in die auch die USA involviert sind. Ein weiterer Beitrag schildert die ethnisch motivierten Gewalttaten im Januar 1993 in Luanda. (DÜI-Spl)

Brazil records alarming rates of epidemic violence against women and LGBTQ+. According to statistics, the country ranks as the fifth most violent for women and the deadliest in the world for homosexuals. On the other hand, progressive policies to support both groups have been implemented by different public administrations in the last decades generating remarkable milestones. Despite being considered as cutting-edge, those actions have not necessarily translated into a reduction of violence. One explanation for these paradoxes between progressive policies to protect women, LGBTQ+ and the frequent violence against these groups, might be found in historical, cultural, and religious roots. This article highlights that, notwithstanding that some progress was made in Brazil, the rise of conservative and far-right groups may undermine all the advancement reached in the last decades, which could lead to the aggravation of the gender-based violence in the country

Analisamos nesse artigo, as implicações e os limites da proposta para o desenvolvimento do Brasil nos anos 90 do século XX. À luz da perspectiva ontológica marxiana, nos detivemos na reflexão das políticas educacionais do governo brasileiro, e em alguns projetos desenvolvidos pelas Nações Unidas. Esses corpos legais apontam saídas para o desenvolvimento econômico e social do Brasil, através de um outro modelo de formação escolar. Confrontamos o modelo de desenvolvimento defendido pelos objetos em análise com a compreensão crítica e particular da formação histórica do Brasil. Dessa forma, concluímos que há incongruências nesse projeto, pois sua proposta não supera o lugar subordinado do Brasil frente aos países avançados do capital.

Este estudo teórico/prático versa sobre a violência doméstica, problema de âmbito mundial. No Brasil conforme muitas pesquisas, tal violência tem inúmeras motivações, sobretudo cultural. A cidade de Arraias-TO não é exceção, sendo este tipo de violência fato recorrente naqueles lares, cidade objeto do estudo. Buscou-se evidenciar de forma sintética a problemática em nível mundial, nacional e por fim, em uma esfera mais detalhada, nos lares arraianos. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a violência doméstica a partir da aplicação e efetividade da Lei Maria da Penha correlacionando os fatos ao perfil educacional/profissional dos agressores e vítimas nos casos registrados na cidade de Arraias e verificar o quanto tal perfil interfere nos índices de violência praticada contra mulheres, bem ainda a recorrência dos fatos frente aos índices de retratações das ofendidas. Para tanto, se utilizou de fundamentação teórica, bem como da pesquisa de campo, com análise de 100% dos casos registrados nos últimos três anos na delegacia daquela circunscrição. Foram observados os boletins de ocorrências realizados pela aquela Unidade Policial a fim de se visualizar a aplicação e efetividade da lei. A análise recaiu ainda nos seguintes documentos: autos de procedimentos criminais, autos de inquéritos policias e autos de requerimento de medida protetiva para que assim fosse diagnosticado o fenômeno para prognosticar pontos onde devam ser direcionadas as ações visando minimizar essa espécie de violência naquela cidade. Foi utilizado o método explicativo-descritiva com vistas a tornar o problema inteligível.

The machine-man of La Mettrie appears constantly connected to the cartesian animal-machine. From this relation, it is possible to inquire whether there is indeed some continuity between the Cartesian proposal and that advocated by La Mettrie or, on the contrary, whether the latter effectively represents a criticism and a rupture with respect to the former. Our interpretation is that the germ of materialism - and La Mettrie does not escape it - can only develop in the condition of breaking completely with the cartesian doctrine. So, far from there being only one step between one and another philosophical theory, what exists is a radical and giant difference. There is no theoretical continuity between the cartesian animal-machine and the lamettrian machine-man. Unlike what happens in Descartes theory, particularly, in his dualistic conception that implies a discontinuity, Machine-man establishes a continuist thesis between men and animals. For La Mettrie, the passage from animality to humanity is not a violent passage, but a gradual one.

Look forward to the changing of society towards senescence and with it the growth of violence against elderly, the purpose of this article is to identify and describe the psychological support received by the elderly, victim of violence. This is a bibliographic review, through the analysis of published articles and books. Electronic search was conducted on the Virtual Health Library sites's. Sample consisted of articles in Portuguese in full, summaries of books and treatises published between 1998 and 2010. Observed that the form is disseminated in the image of the elderly company optimizes the bias and consequently the violence. According to the study it was concluded that the implementation of public policies to promote the mental health of the elderly who suffer from violence, but also for the promotion of violence prevention isn't only necessary.

The article aims to analyze the traditionally encrusted conservative discourses in Brazilian public opinion about the repressive actions of the police against not only the called marginality, but any movement of resistance to the arbitrary character of the State oblivious to the actually popular interests, showing that this position is created from the internalization of oppression in the society's very subjectivity, turning this State's official violence into something common. The article also brings as an agenda for discussion the importance of popular mobilization as a political mechanism of effective resistance to the authoritarianism of the State as a progressive process of awareness of the people about its potential citizenship.

A partir de uma reflexão sobre as noções de formação – mais especificamente, de "formação do professor" – e tendo como eixo central (1) suas práticas concretas e materiais no universo da escola e (2) trabalhos que temos desenvolvido acerca da "formação docente e cinema", o texto apresenta reflexões acerca da noção de Educação e de Educação como de construção de identidades. No contexto destas reflexões, procuro problematizar a ideia de identidade como algo fechado, pronto e determinado, que em nossa cultura tem se constituído a partir de processos de modulações, sobretudo a partir da imagem e do cinema. Sendo assim, o texto procura apresentar uma discussão que acene para pensar uma discussão da diferença e toma como autores centrais para esta reflexão Foucault, Agamben e Benjamin.