Suchergebnisse

This paper provides quasi-experimental evidence on the impact of paid leave legislation on fathers' leave-taking, as well as on the division of leave between mothers and fathers in dual-earner households. Using difference-in-difference and difference-in-difference-in-difference designs, we study California's Paid Family Leave (CA-PFL) program, which is the first source of government-provided paid parental leave available to fathers in the United States. Our results show that fathers in California are 0.9 percentage points – or 46 percent relative to the pre-treatment mean – more likely to take leave in the first year of their children's lives when CA-PFL is available. We also examine how parents allocate leave in households where both parents work. We find that CA-PFL increases father-only leave-taking (i.e., father on leave while mother is at work) by 50 percent and joint leave-taking (i.e., both parents on leave at the same time) by 28 percent. These effects are much larger for fathers of sons than for fathers of daughters, and almost entirely driven by fathers of first-born children and fathers in occupations with a high share of female workers.

A report which provides quasi-experimental evidence on the impact of paid leave legislation on fathers' leave taking, as well as on the division of leave between mothers and fathers in dual-earner households.

Utilizing data from the June Current Population Survey (CPS) Fertility Supplement merged with data from other months of the CPS, we describe trends in parents' employment and leave-taking after birth of a newborn and analyze the extent to which these behaviors are associated with parental leave policies. The period we examine - 1987 to 2004 - is one in which such policies were expanded at both the state and federal level. We also provide the first comprehensive evidence as to how these expansions are correlated with employment and leave-taking for both mothers and fathers over this period. Our main finding is that leave expansions have increased the amount of time that new mothers and fathers spend on leave, with effects that are small in absolute terms but large relative to the baseline for men and much greater for college-educated women than for their counterparts with less schooling.

Issued earlier as two mimeographed volumes without series title. ; Mode of access: Internet.

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress (as well as several states') passed emergency paid sick leave legislation? The federal legislation, known as the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA), guaranteed most workers the right to eighty hours of sick leave at full pay while the employee was in COVID-19-related quarantine, plus an additional eighty hours of sick leave at two-thirds pay to care for another person in quarantine.' Congress felt compelled to pass such legislation because the United States infamously lags behind all other developed countries in guaranteeing paid health-related leave for workers. Of the top twenty-two highest earning countries, the United States is the only country that does not provide paid leave for cancer treatment.' The United States is one of three countries that does not provide paid sick leave for an influenza diagnosis. Moreover, the United States is the only OECD country that does not provide any form of paid parental leave after the birth of a child.' Instead, the protections for U.S. workers who require short or long-term health-related leave are quite thin. The federal Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) only guarantees the right to twelve weeks of unpaid leave for serious health conditions.' Furthermore, it solely applies to workers who have worked for at least one year and average at least thirty hours per week for an employer with fifty or more employees. Six U.S. states and territories-New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Hawaii, California, and Puerto Rico-also mandate short-term disability insurance for workers with serious health conditions. Additionally, the federal Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) may provide some access to temporary leave through its reasonable accommodation guarantee," but such access is limited to workers who are substantially limited in a major life activity. Thus, in the absence of the FFCRA, only select U.S. workers with severe cases of COVID-19 would have ever possessed any legal right to paid leave upon contraction of or ...

We describe trends in maternal employment and leave-taking after birth of a newborn and analyze the extent to which these behaviors are influenced by parental leave policies. Data are from the June Current Population Survey (CPS) Fertility Supplements, merged with other months of the CPS, and cover the period 1987 to 1994. This time-span is one during which parental leave legislation expanded at both the state and federal level. We also provide the first comprehensive examination of employment and leave-taking by fathers of infants. Our main finding is that leave expansions are associated with increased leave-taking by both mothers and fathers. The magnitudes of the changes are small in absolute terms but large relative to the baseline for men and much greater for college-educated or married mothers than for their less-educated or single counterparts.

We describe trends in maternal employment and leave-taking after birth of a newborn and analyze the extent to which these behaviors are influenced by parental leave policies. Data are from the June Current Population Survey (CPS) Fertility Supplements, merged with other months of the CPS, and cover the period 1987 to 1994. This time span is one during which parental leave legislation expanded at both the state and federal level. We also provide the first comprehensive examination of employment and leave-taking by fathers of infants. Our main finding is that leave expansions are associated with increased leave-taking by both mothers and fathers. The magnitudes of the changes are small in absolute terms but large relative to the baseline for men and much greater for college-educated or married mothers than for their less-educated or single counterparts.

Leave orders issued by Lieutenant Colonel McClintock granting service members temporary leave, Major James A. Franklin being among them.

Master thesis analyzes both international and national regulations of annual leave and the peculiarities of its implementation in the Republic of Lithuania labour law. This research reveals the definition of annual leave and the principal attributes, which separate this right from other periods of rest. Is if found, that The right to annual leave is subject to standarts, established both in national and international laws, which must upheld when regulating conditions for the exercise and implementation of aforementioned right. The author draws notice to the problematic aspects of grant, transfer or extenson and remuneration of annual leave and makes proposals for the improvement of such regulations. Systematic analysis provides that minimal annual rest periods must be granted to all employees without consideration of their subjective characteristics. National legislator establishes progressive regulations regarding the estimation of periods for which the worker accumulates his right to annual leave, because even foreseeable circumstances, which reflect the workers will are accaunted. It is determined, that restrictions regarding the implementation of annual leave can be made only if the worker was granted an opportunity to exersize his right. Workers right to annual leave is ensured by allocating sanctions to employers for improper fulfilment of their duties regarding renumeration in advance. Evaluation of European Court of Justice jurisprudence reveals that provisions laid down by national Government relating to calculation of remuneration for annual leave are not suitable because they might discourage employees to take their annual leave and might encourage employers to abuse their rights.

Master thesis analyzes both international and national regulations of annual leave and the peculiarities of its implementation in the Republic of Lithuania labour law. This research reveals the definition of annual leave and the principal attributes, which separate this right from other periods of rest. Is if found, that The right to annual leave is subject to standarts, established both in national and international laws, which must upheld when regulating conditions for the exercise and implementation of aforementioned right. The author draws notice to the problematic aspects of grant, transfer or extenson and remuneration of annual leave and makes proposals for the improvement of such regulations. Systematic analysis provides that minimal annual rest periods must be granted to all employees without consideration of their subjective characteristics. National legislator establishes progressive regulations regarding the estimation of periods for which the worker accumulates his right to annual leave, because even foreseeable circumstances, which reflect the workers will are accaunted. It is determined, that restrictions regarding the implementation of annual leave can be made only if the worker was granted an opportunity to exersize his right. Workers right to annual leave is ensured by allocating sanctions to employers for improper fulfilment of their duties regarding renumeration in advance. Evaluation of European Court of Justice jurisprudence reveals that provisions laid down by national Government relating to calculation of remuneration for annual leave are not suitable because they might discourage employees to take their annual leave and might encourage employers to abuse their rights.

Master thesis analyzes both international and national regulations of annual leave and the peculiarities of its implementation in the Republic of Lithuania labour law. This research reveals the definition of annual leave and the principal attributes, which separate this right from other periods of rest. Is if found, that The right to annual leave is subject to standarts, established both in national and international laws, which must upheld when regulating conditions for the exercise and implementation of aforementioned right. The author draws notice to the problematic aspects of grant, transfer or extenson and remuneration of annual leave and makes proposals for the improvement of such regulations. Systematic analysis provides that minimal annual rest periods must be granted to all employees without consideration of their subjective characteristics. National legislator establishes progressive regulations regarding the estimation of periods for which the worker accumulates his right to annual leave, because even foreseeable circumstances, which reflect the workers will are accaunted. It is determined, that restrictions regarding the implementation of annual leave can be made only if the worker was granted an opportunity to exersize his right. Workers right to annual leave is ensured by allocating sanctions to employers for improper fulfilment of their duties regarding renumeration in advance. Evaluation of European Court of Justice jurisprudence reveals that provisions laid down by national Government relating to calculation of remuneration for annual leave are not suitable because they might discourage employees to take their annual leave and might encourage employers to abuse their rights.

Master thesis analyzes both international and national regulations of annual leave and the peculiarities of its implementation in the Republic of Lithuania labour law. This research reveals the definition of annual leave and the principal attributes, which separate this right from other periods of rest. Is if found, that The right to annual leave is subject to standarts, established both in national and international laws, which must upheld when regulating conditions for the exercise and implementation of aforementioned right. The author draws notice to the problematic aspects of grant, transfer or extenson and remuneration of annual leave and makes proposals for the improvement of such regulations. Systematic analysis provides that minimal annual rest periods must be granted to all employees without consideration of their subjective characteristics. National legislator establishes progressive regulations regarding the estimation of periods for which the worker accumulates his right to annual leave, because even foreseeable circumstances, which reflect the workers will are accaunted. It is determined, that restrictions regarding the implementation of annual leave can be made only if the worker was granted an opportunity to exersize his right. Workers right to annual leave is ensured by allocating sanctions to employers for improper fulfilment of their duties regarding renumeration in advance. Evaluation of European Court of Justice jurisprudence reveals that provisions laid down by national Government relating to calculation of remuneration for annual leave are not suitable because they might discourage employees to take their annual leave and might encourage employers to abuse their rights.

Constitutional landscapes in Asia are littered with fig leaves. These proverbial fig leaves are legal principles, doctrines, and theories of interpretation that judges appeal to when resolving constitutional disputes. This article uncovers and examines three constitutional fig leaves that are prevalent and flourishing in Asia: 1) formalism and its conceptual variants; 2) the exercise of judicial review that is merely symbolic; and 3) the invocation of vacuous constitutional doctrines. This article further argues that judicial recourse to fig leaves is not intended to deceive anyone about what courts are doing; the fig leaves are on public display merely to demonstrate that judges accept the role they are expected to play within their political systems. For better or worse, it would appear that Asian judges believe that these fig leaves are necessary to legitimize their actions, and, insofar as Asian judges are doing very little, these legal loincloths are vital to preserve judges' modesties.

Palmetto Leaves, number 24 (June 1949). ; This item was misprinted without an issue number.

Palmetto Leaves, number 23 (March 1949). ; This item was misprinted without an issue number.