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This article analyzes the use of water as ballast to balance the vessels, as well as the existing legislation in the country that protects, monitors and punishes those who are responsible for illegal shedding in national jurisdiction waters. That is important, considering ballast water has become a national and international risk with serious consequences such as bioinvasion. It was discovered that ballast water has become one of the fastest forms of marine pollution because it acts quietly. In an attempt to avoid environmental and economic losses, several conventions and international treaties were agreed between countries such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, adopted in Montego Bay. At the national level, Brazil has important institutions for marine environmental protection such as ANVISA, the National Health Surveillance Agency; ANTAQ, National Agency of Waterborne Transport and broad legislation such as Law (6938/81), the National Environmental Policy; the Criminal Environmental Law (9.605/98) and, specifically, NORMAM 20, issued by the Brazilian Navy's Directorate of Ports and Coasts, which states that every ship to moor at national ports must prove the exchange of ballast water at sea. The research used the legal and theoretical methodology, deductive reasoning and literature from technical and government sites. The results show that Brazil has a concern over the issue and the national legislation proves the effort to prevent marine pollution. However, research in the field is necessary so that invading organisms are discovered prior to the pollution. In addition to that, legislation and supervision must be improved. ; This article analyzes the use of water as ballast to balance the vessels, as well as the existing legislation in the country that protects, monitors and punishes those who are responsible for illegal shedding in national jurisdiction waters. That is important, considering ballast water has become a national and international risk with serious consequences such as bioinvasion. It was discovered that ballast water has become one of the fastest forms of marine pollution because it acts quietly. In an attempt to avoid environmental and economic losses, several conventions and international treaties were agreed between countries such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, adopted in Montego Bay. At the national level, Brazil has important institutions for marine environmental protection such as ANVISA, the National Health Surveillance Agency; ANTAQ, National Agency of Waterborne Transport and broad legislation such as Law (6938/81), the National Environmental Policy; the Criminal Environmental Law (9.605/98) and, specifically, NORMAM 20, issued by the Brazilian Navy's Directorate of Ports and Coasts, which states that every ship to moor at national ports must prove the exchange of ballast water at sea. The research used the legal and theoretical methodology, deductive reasoning and literature from technical and government sites. The results show that Brazil has a concern over the issue and the national legislation proves the effort to prevent marine pollution. However, research in the field is necessary so that invading organisms are discovered prior to the pollution. In addition to that, legislation and supervision must be improved.

Objetivo: o presente artigo científico tem como finalidade abordar o cenário excepcional imposto pela pandemia decorrente do vírus SarsCov2 – COVID-19 e seus desdobramentos, dos quais decorrem alterações na vida dos cidadãos em relação aos direitos de personalidade, como, por exemplo, a liberdade de ir e vir, o direito à informação e o direito do consumidor, entre outros, em confronto com direitos coletivos para salvaguardar a saúde, como bem primordial da sociedade, por ser um dos elementos que integram o Estado: o território, a soberania e o povo (quiçá vivo).Metodologia a metodologia de pesquisa utilizada foi a jurídica-teórica, por meio do raciocínio empírico-dedutivo e da observação da realidade social, estudos do ordenamento jurídico, material bibliográfico doutrinário e jurisprudencial.Resultados: os resultados obtidos foram respectivamente (i) a necessidade de reflexão e fomento das normas constitucionais para salvaguardar o Estado Democrático de Direito consagrado na Constituição; (ii) a defesa do direitos e garantias do indivíduo, (iii) os direitos da personalidade e outros referenciados; (iv) a utilização de tutelas inibitórias individuais e coletivas para atingir este mister. E, por fim, de forma sintética, concluiu-se que a tutela inibitório é um meio eficaz para tornar direitos efetivos, principalmente no contexto excepcional imposto pela pandemia.Contribuições: a contribuição científica almejada é, inicialmente, fomentar o debate sobre os meios de efetivação da tutela jurisdicional na defesa de Direitos materiais, difusos, coletivos e individuais homogêneos, sobre os quais não há a possibilidade de quantificar os danos, em sendo lesionados, por suas características imanentes não patrimoniais e, em um segundo momento, revisar institutos de Direito processual, como as tutelas preventivas, e, em especial, a tutela inibitória, aqui tratada, como meio de salvaguarda desses direitos.Palavras-chave. Tutela inibitória; Direito de ação; Tutela jurisdicional diferenciada; Pandemia. ABSTRACTObjective: the purpose of this scientific article is to address the exceptional scenario imposed by the pandemic resulting from the SarsCov2 - COVID-19 virus, its consequences which result in changes in the lives of citizens, in relation to personality rights, such as, for example, freedom to go and come, right to information, consumer etc. in confrontation with collective rights to safeguard health, as a fundamental good of society, since one of the elements that integrate the State, being them: the territory, the sovereignty and the people (perhaps alive).Methodology: the research methodology used was the legal-theoretical, through empirical-deductive reasoning through the observation of social reality, studies of the legal system, doctrinal bibliographic material and jurisprudence.Results: the results obtained were respectively (i) the need for reflection and the promotion of constitutional norms to safeguard the Democratic Rule of Law enshrined in our Constitution; (ii) the defense of the individual's rights and guarantees, (iii) personality rights and others referenced; (iv) the use of individual, and (v) collective injunctions to achieve this objective. Finally, in summary, it was concluded that inhibitory protection is an effective means of making rights effective, especially in the exceptional context imposed by the pandemic.Contributions: the intended scientific contribution is initially to stimulate the debate about means of effective judicial protection in the defense of rights, material, diffuse, collective and homogeneous individuals, which are not possible to quantify the damages, in case they are injured, due to their immanent non-patrimonial characteristics, and, in a second moment, to review institutes of procedural law, such as preventive protection, and, in particular, the inhibitory protection, treated here, as a means of safeguarding these rights.Keywords. Inhibitory procedure protection; Right of action; Differentiated jurisdictional protection; Pandemic.

This article presents an analysis of the legal provisions that establish the Teaching Performance Assessment (ADD ) in the public primary education state networks in Brazil, obtained in a Master's Degree research, and the relation of this initiative to the teachers' remuneration. To do so, a survey of the legislation in force in the year 2015, both in the official sites of the departments of education, and by correspondence to these bodies. It was verified the existence of this initiative in 24 Brazilian states, but only in 14 the policy was effectively in force in 2015. The effects of the ADD on the teaching salary were then classified in career progression and bonus. The criteria for assessing teacher performance were ordered and analyzed according to their frequency in different states. The theoretical foundations that guided the analysis were some of the studies by Herbert Marcuse, on the logic of development of modern industrial society and its contradictions, and the analyzes developed by Robert Castel, about the latest changes in work relations and its precariousness in contemporary society. The text presents the national and international contexts in which the recommendations for the adoption of the ADD were consolidated, analyzes the legislation and concludes exposing limits and contradictions of the evaluation of the teaching performance for the valorization of the teaching profession and the social recognition of this activity, by stimulating individualism, adaptation, accountability, control over behavior and technological reasoning among these professionals. ; Este artigo apresenta uma análise dos dispositivos legais que instituem a Avaliação do Desempenho Docente (ADD) nas redes públicas estaduais de educação básica no Brasil, obtidos em uma pesquisa de mestrado, e a relação dessa iniciativa com a remuneração dos professores. Para tanto, procedeu-se um levantamento da legislação, em vigor no ano de 2015, tanto nos sítios oficiais das secretarias de educação, como por meio do envio de correspondência a esses órgãos. Constatou-se a existência dessa iniciativa em 24 estados brasileiros, porém apenas em 14 a política estava efetivamente em vigor em 2015. Os efeitos da ADD na remuneração docente foram então classificados em progressão na carreira e bonificação. Já os critérios para avaliar o desempenho docente foram ordenados e analisados segundo sua frequência nos diferentes Estados. As bases teóricas que orientaram as análises foram alguns dos estudos desenvolvidos por Herbert Marcuse, acerca da lógica de desenvolvimento da sociedade industrial moderna e suas contradições, e as análises desenvolvidas por Robert Castel, a respeito das transformações mais recentes nas relações de trabalho e a sua precarização na sociedade contemporânea. O texto apresenta os contextos nacional e internacional nos quais foram sedimentadas as recomendações para a adoção da ADD, analisa a legislação e finaliza expondo limites e contradições da avaliação do desempenho docente para a valorização do magistério e o reconhecimento social dessa atividade, ao estimular o individualismo, a adaptação, a responsabilização, o controle sobre o comportamento e o raciocínio tecnológico entre esses profissionais.