Suchergebnisse

У статті висвітлюється період утворення військової коаліції між арміями УНР і ЗУНР. Розглянута спільна боротьба українських армій за незалежність молодої держави влітку 1919 року. Проаналізовано якісний і кількісний стан армій в результаті їх об'єднання. ; The period of the formation of the mihtary coalition between the UNA and the West Ukrainian People's Republic's army is highlighted in the article. The Ukrainian armies' common struggle for independence of the new country in summer 1919 is considered. The qualitative and quantitative state of the armies as a result of their unification is analyzed.

У статті висвітлюється період утворення військової коаліції між арміями УНР і ЗУНР. Розглянута спільна боротьба українських армій за незалежність молодої держави влітку 1919 року. Проаналізовано якісний і кількісний стан армій в результаті їх об'єднання. ; The period of the formation of the mihtary coalition between the UNA and the West Ukrainian People's Republic's army is highlighted in the article. The Ukrainian armies' common struggle for independence of the new country in summer 1919 is considered. The qualitative and quantitative state of the armies as a result of their unification is analyzed.

In the article on the basis of the analysis of archival documents, statistical data and memoirs, with application of a biographical method, the reconstruction of the biography of the extraordinary Greek-Catholic priest Lev-Mykola Burnadz in the conditions of various state political systems of the first half of the ХХ century was carried out. The work traced back the process of mindset formation in the family of the priest and during the period of study in Kolomyia gymnasium. It also emphasized the crystallization of the national consciousness, which induced to military service in the Austria-Hungary Army and in the Ukrainian Galician Army. The study indicated the evolution of the belief system in the post-war time as one of the choice factors of a state of a celibate priest. Besides, it analysed the vicarial and public activity of L.-M. Burnadz in Patsykiv and Silets villages, and Horodenka and Stanislaviv cities. It was supposed that social and political views of the priest were a synthesis of a centrist national and democratic and conservative Christian public movements. It was also established that during the violent elimination of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church he refused to transfer to Russian Orthodox Church for what he was repressed and died in exile. Specifications of some separate details of L.-M. Burnadz's biography by the subsequent researchers will promote the preparation of documents for beatification process. Keywords: platoon leader of the Austrian Army, lieutenant of Ukrainian Galician Army, celibate priest, employee, parish administrator, confessor of the faith. ; У статті, на основі аналізу архівних документів, статистичних даних і спогадів, із застосу­ванням біографічного методу, здійснено реконструкцію біографії неординарного греко-католицького священика Лева-Миколи Бурнадза в умовах різних державно-політичних систем першої половини ХХ ст. Простежено формування світогляду у священичій родині та під час навчання в Коломийській гімназії, підкреслено кристалізацію національної самосвідомості, що спонукала до військової служби в армії Авст­ро-Угорщини й Українській Галицькій армії. Вказано на еволюцію світогляду у післявоєнний час як один із факторів вибору стану священика-целебса. Проаналізовано душпастирську та суспільну діяль­ність о. Л.-М. Бурнадзав селах Пациків і Сілець, містах Городенка і Станиславів. Припускається, що су­спільно-політичні погляди священика були синтезом центристської національно-демократичної та консервативної християнської суспільної течій. Встановлено, що під час насильної ліквідації УГКЦ він відмовився перейти до РПЦ, за що був репресований і загинув на засланні. Уточнення наступними до­слідниками окремих деталей біографії о.Л.-М.Бурнадза сприятиме підготовці документів для беати­фікаційного процесу. Ключові слова: чотар австрійської армії, поручник УГА, священик-целебс, сотрудник, адмі­ністратор парохії, ісповідник віри

The article considers a degree of knowledge and the current state of scientific researche in the problem of functioning in camps of integrated units of Ukrainian Galician Army in Czechoslovakia (Deutsch Gabel, Liberec, Josefov), of a number of magazines (including «Voice of the Camp», «Ukrainian Shooter», «Ukrainian Wanderer» and so on). The materials, published on the pages of the above mentioned camp periodicals, represent a special value as the primary sources of the history of UGA camps. Their study is absolutely necessary for understanding the informative-educational and organizational-mobilization functions of the camp press of interned Ukrainian soldiers in the second half of 1919 – 1923. The journalistic period in the camp of international relations of the UGA in Czechoslovakia has established itself as an effective tool for influencing the world outlook and value orientations of Ukrainian soldiers. The idea of a united fighting for the independence of Ukraine. At the same time, in accordance with these living circumstances, in different living conditions in the conditions of emigration, an adaptation of the interned military personnel took place. The publication of camp periodicals became one of the evidence of a clear understanding by their first colleagues of the tasks and prospects of the Ukrainian liberation movement. Thus, we can easily imagine the daily life of the interned soldiers of the UGA in the camp.

This Canadian contribution to Parameters' Strategic Lieutenant series shows how domestic context creates the conditions for professional military education reform to a greater extent than the global strategic context. The article assesses the junior officer education delivered by Canada's military colleges and analyzes interviews with key stakeholders responsible for the formulation and implementation of reform at the military colleges.

"Civil war seems inevitable..." -- An army for battle -- A new army, a new era -- Quiet along the Potomac -- Grand army, grand campaign -- Toward the gates of Richmond -- The Seven Days -- Summer of discontent -- "Little Mac is back!" -- Wednesday, bloody Wednesday -- "An auger too dull to take hold" -- Trial on the Rappahannock -- Joe Hooker in command -- Pennsylvania showdown -- A contest of little purpose -- "...There is to be no turning back" -- To James River -- Long road to Appomattox -- Epilogue

While late nineteenth century Galicia has been the subject of attention of many writers, past literature about East Galicia has generally given a limited and at times distorted picture of this region. It has rarely been treated separately, and generalizations about its society have been made, and perpetuated, on the basis of erroneous data or inadequate and/or unsystematic study of the sources. The picture which has emerged has been of a people living in extremes of political and socio-economic deprivation; particularly pervasive has been the view that material poverty was a general feature of that society. This dissertation challenged the accepted interpretations through an examination of some aspects of East Galicia, specifically focussing on the Ukrainian peasantry in five Southern Podillian counties. Contrary to the received version of its history there were evident signs of change and improvement. In the area of education, there were more elementary schools, more teachers, and the teaching of a more varied and modern curriculum; greater activities of the Ukrainian enlightenment societies; a growing popular didactic press and a large increase in the number of reading clubs. All of these contributed to substantial improvements in literacy and an expanded knowledge base for that society. The effect was most evident in the agricultural sector, the main source of income for the population. Average sizes of landholdings were not in any case as small as has been supposed. Significant improvements in yields of cereal grains and other field crops were achieved. Also there was a movement towards production of other commercial crops. Particularly significant was the increased attention devoted to animal husbandry by the smallholding peasants. Expansion of agricultural education contributed to the general improvement in agricultural productivity; particularly notable is the fact that larger numbers and better quality animals were being raised by the peasantry of the region. Better marketing opportunities were made ...