The article is devoted to the study of the legal regulation of parole in the form of life imprisonment in Ukraine. An analysis of the norms of international acts that regulate this issue, the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the experience of some foreign countries. Attention is drawn to the fact that the European Court of Human Rights emphasizes that the existing pardon system in Ukraine is a violation of Art. 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights, and for their harmonization and implementation of the standards referred to in Article 3 of the Convention, the following requirements must be met: 1) those sentenced to life imprisonment must know from the very beginning of their sentence what they must do in order to obtain the right to parole; 2) the convict should not be kept in places of imprisonment if the penological grounds for his further detention have disappeared; 3) the presence of these grounds must be checked within a certain period of time; 4) the release mechanism must have clear criteria and procedural guarantees; 5) the refusal to satisfy the request for parole must be justified. The hopelessness of the possibilities of releasing persons from criminal liability in Ukraine has been proved. It is stated that the existing institution of pardon in our state is only an exception, it cannot be considered as providing a real prospect of release. Such exclusivity is also directly recognized by the Pardon Regulations, according to which persons convicted of particularly serious crimes may be pardoned only in exceptional cases in the presence of extraordinary circumstances. Given that the Ukrainian legislation does not contain an interpretation of the concepts of «pardon», «early release of persons sentenced to life imprisonment», there are additional difficulties in their enforcement. In addition, the futility of parole in Ukraine is recognized by international institutions such as the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment ...
This study discusses the legal framework for life safety in Ukraine as of the current year. Ensuring an adequate level of safety at the enterprises of various forms of ownership and directions of the modern economy is a vital task in terms of creating decent working conditions in the country and the development of its economy. The development of the sovereign Ukraine must be accompanied by the creation of a safe state of the environment, economic production, and living conditions to ensure the proper level of human life. The main place in this process is occupied by the legislation in the field of regulation of relations between human health and the environment and safety in emergencies and situations of everyday life, i.e. life safety. The relevance of the subject is conditioned by the need to create an appropriate legal framework for life safety in the country as of its current state. The methodology of this study is based on a combination of a systematic approach to determining the main factors that ensure the establishment of legal foundations for life safety in Ukraine at present and an analytical method of research on a wide scope of issues in this subject area. The main results, obtained during this study, include the identification of the main factors of life safety in modern Ukrainian society and the importance of the legal framework, developed by the state for proper regulation of these issues, as well as the main directions of development of a certain level of life safety culture in modern Ukrainian society. Prospects for further research within the framework of the chosen subject area are conditioned by the need to qualitatively identify the main factors, influencing the process of gradual development of the legal framework for life safety in Ukraine as of its current state and the importance of timely coverage of relevant legal aspects that are vital in modern realities. The applied value of this study lies in the possibility of implementing its main results and conclusions in practice in order to ...
The article is devoted to exploring theoretical considerations about the need to abolish life imprisonment as such which does not meet the primary purpose of punishment. The criminal legislation and the criminal enforcement characteristics of punishment in the form of life imprisonment as the main punishment in accordance with the Criminal Code of Ukraine are presented; and; analyzes the criminal and criminal law of Ukraine, which regulates the execution of sentences in the form of life imprisonment; determine sentence and life imprisonment. The article deals with the comparative analysis of the life imprisonment procedure in Austria, England, Denmark, Spain, Latvia, Norway, Poland, Germany, Switzerland. In Ukraine, a life sentence may be released from serving this sentence only after serving a 20-year term on the basis of a Presidential Decree. It is established that in foreign law, in view of national peculiarities, the issue of early release of prisoners from life imprisonment is resolved in another way and with certain peculiarities. A study of the provisions of criminal law in these countries shows that their parole mechanism is aimed at balancing the protection of the rights and freedoms of the convicted person and the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of others, society and the state. The laws of these countries do not, as a rule, refuse to use life imprisonment, but they do have certain mechanisms in place to control prisoners who monitor their behavior in society. That is, a prisoner has a real chance to be released. This is the main purpose of the punishment - the correction of the convicted person. That is why the Declaration adopted at the Sixth United Nations Congress in 1981 (the "Karakak Declaration") stated that life imprisonment would not meet the desired goals if there were no adequate measures to return such prisoners to the mainstream of social life in the appropriate stage. In Ukraine, there is a problem with the achievement of the purpose of punishment, so this article is ...
The article deals with the coverage of one of the most conflicting contemporary social phenomena - separatism. Its emergence is compounded by the widespread of contradiction between two principles of modern international law - the selfdetermination of peoples and the territorial integrity of states. In seeking for resolving of this contradiction, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe recommends protecting the possibility of exercising the right of ethnic minorities to their selfdetermination without providing an autonomous right to their separation. Thus, the recommendation of the Parliamentary Assembly not only provided ample opportunity for a deeper understanding of the principle of self-determination of nations, but also expanded the use of new varieties of separatism terms: secession; irredentism; enosis; devolution. To confirm this conclusion, we have analyzed the activities of a number of separatist parties and movements legally operating in Europe, in particular in the United Kingdom (Scottish National Party), Canada (Liberal Party of Quebec), Spain (Buck Nationalist Party, Catalonia Independence Movement), etc. Concerning Catalonia's independence, the article emphasized that today in Europe, as in the whole world, such a political and legal situation has emerged that it is impossible to recognize its independence. Accordingly, any protests by the Catalans will be considered as unconstitutional. Given the conflicting nature of separatism both in Catalonia and in other regions of European countries, it is possible that the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe may subsequently propose changes and additions to the interpretation of international legal principles in order to more effectively remove the contradiction between the right of nations and the right to self-expression territorial integrity of states.
The article is dedicated to the history of the construction of the building of the Poltava zemstvo (local government) (now – Vasyl Krychevskyi Poltava Museum of Local Lore), also to the founders of the museum, who formed the ethnographic department of the Natural-Historical Museum of the Poltava zemstvo. Key words: Poltava zemstvo, Vasyl Krychevskyi Museum of Local Lore, department of ethnography, pottery, masters of pottery. ; Дослідження присвячене будівництву будинку Полтавського губернського земства (нині – Полтавський краєзнавчий музей ім. В. Кричевського) та основоположникам музейної справи, які формували етнографічний відділ Природничоісторичного музею Полтавського губернського земства. Ключові слова: Полтавське губернське земство, краєзнавчий музей імені Василя Кричевського, відділ етнографії, гончарні вироби, майстри гончарної справи
The article presents the view on the problem of psychological maladaptation as a factor of dissatisfaction with sexual life, which is manifested in the disclosure of the data of the concepts, descriptions and characteristic features that are manifested in these concepts. The psychological aspects of the manifestation of psychological maladaptation and sexual dissatisfaction are revealed, and an empirical study of the relationship between psychological maladaptation and sexual dissatisfaction was conducted. Sexual and psychological relationships are caused by a determinant relationship (have their internal causes and external effects), this in turn indicates that sex life has an impact on interpersonal, intimate relationships among partners, and can also serve as a cause of the psychological defining of the individual. An important aspect was the sexual satisfaction with its physiological and psychological components, and the special role of various manifestations of feelings (mood, anxiety, emotions, stresses) on the sexual function of the individual was proved. The result of the study is the significance of the statistical relationship between psychological maladaptation and sexual dissatisfaction. This means that the psychological state of a person has a great influence on sexual life and vice versa, the sexual sphere of human life provides a certain amount of filling and general mental background state of personality in any life situations. With the help of theoretical and empirical analysis we received the following results: high indicators of sexual satisfaction and realized evidence of the ability of a person to feel pleasure during sexual intercourse, to control their own sexual behavior In accordance with the norms of social and personal ethics. Such a person is free of fear, a sense of shame and guilt, false representations and other psychological factors that inhibit sexual response and violate sexual relations.
The article is devoted to the development and use of intelligent systems in the management of medical technological processes and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The relevance of the work is due to the need for effective use of intelligent systems in healthcare. The purpose of this work is to study the possibilities and prospects of using information technologies and artificial intelligence systems in clinical medicine to improve the efficiency of providing medical care to the population. Information retrieval method; theoretical analysis of legislative and regulatory documents, literary sources, Internet resources, research results; spectral-dynamic and mathematical analysis of the current state and assessment of the quality of life of an individual using the artificial intelligence system "CME". The paper analyzes the development trends of information technologies and artificial intelligence systems, as well as the features of their use in medical technological processes. As an example, the technological capabilities of the intelligent system Complex Medical Expert are briefly described.
The article is devoted to the development and use of intelligent systems in the management of medical technological processes and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The relevance of the work is due to the need for effective use of intelligent systems in healthcare. The purpose of this work is to study the possibilities and prospects of using information technologies and artificial intelligence systems in clinical medicine to improve the efficiency of providing medical care to the population. Information retrieval method; theoretical analysis of legislative and regulatory documents, literary sources, Internet resources, research results; spectral-dynamic and mathematical analysis of the current state and assessment of the quality of life of an individual using the artificial intelligence system "CME". The paper analyzes the development trends of information technologies and artificial intelligence systems, as well as the features of their use in medical technological processes. As an example, the technological capabilities of the intelligent system Complex Medical Expert are briefly described.
Review of Oksana Ovsiyuk's monograph "Life after the Occupation: The Life of Kievans 1943 - 1945". Kyiv: Duliby, 2017 ; Рецензія на монографію Оксани Овсіюк "Життя після окупації:побут киян 1943 - 1945 рр.". Київ: "Дуліби", 2017 р.
Today, in the context of aggravation of socio–economic and political problems, the standard of living of the population is the indicator that reflects the development of the state. This category should become the main criterion for the development and evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of socio–economic policies of Ukraine, both at the national and regional levels in particular. The main goal of the article is to study the methodological foundations of assessing the standard of living of the population, using the construction of integral indicators. A specific feature of Ukraine is a significant regional differentiation of the population by living standards, requiring an integrated assessment of the living standards of the population for individual regions of Ukraine. For this purpose, we proposed the use of a regional index of living standards, taking into account certain methodological recommendations for its calculation, associated with changes in the socio–economic situation in the country and corresponding changes in the methodology of statistical observations. And also, an analysis was made of the standard of living of the population of individual regions by such an integral indicator as the regional human development index. And the regions of Ukraine were grouped by the regional human development index, the leaders and outsiders were identified. The methodological tools of the study were methods of systematization, grouping and classification, average values, indicators of variation and analysis of the series of dynamics, index calculations, correlation analysis. The period of the study of the standard of living of the population in the regions of Ukraine was chosen for the period 2004–2017. The object of the study was Ukraine as a whole and its individual regions. Given the above, it should be noted that ensuring a decent standard of living of the population should become an unconditional priority of both state and regional policies, and the quality of life of citizens should meet the ...
UK: У статті розглянуто сутність категорії якості трудового життя і підходи до її оцінки у працях зарубіжних і вітчизняних вчених. На основі анкетного опитування визначено склад локальних показників якості трудового життя. Запропонувано методику оцінки якості трудового життя працівників організацій, яка необхідна для розроблення основних напрямів і механізмів підвищення якості життя. EN: The study of problems of formation and improve quality of life, including quality of work life, dealing with many domestic and foreign scholars in which they are conducting a study of the essence of quality of life, the principles of its formation, evaluation for individual subdivisions and compared to the quality of life in the leading countries of the world. Their work investigates the particular conditions that affect the quality of life and its relationship with the social and economic development, standard of living, development offered to build the integral index to assess the quality of life, taking into account international experience. Today, despite the fundamental importance of these issues for the purposes of the regional administration, they remain poorly understood. The author set out to consider the nature category of quality of working life and approaches to its assessment in the works of foreign and domestic scientists. On the basis of a questionnaire is to determine the composition of indicators of quality of working life. Suggest a methodology for evaluating the quality of working life of employee's organizations. Due to consideration of definition given copyright interpret the essence of the concept of "quality of life". Quality of life - a set of economic, social, political, cultural and environmental factors that expresses the quality of the material and cultural needs of the people (the quality of food, clothing, comfortable housing, quality health care, education, service, environment, leisure, measure meet the needs of meaningful communication, knowledge, creative work, the level of stress, settlement structure and so on.). In order to determine the degree of satisfaction of local quality of working life, a sociological survey using a special questionnaire. Results of the study can be used for a comprehensive assessment of the quality of working life of labor collective or individual employees. The applied technique of scoring the quality of working life of employees to determine the prospects of the organization, company, city, develop measures to improve quality of life. The prospect of further research in this direction is to specify the components of quality of life, the priority for Ukraine, improved methodology for assessing the quality of life and basic directions and mechanisms of its increase.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the institution of serving of the life imprisonment punishment by women in Ukraine. The article notes that the use of this type of punishment is quite controversial, because today there is a steady tendency in the world to refuse not only the death penalty as the supreme measure of punishment, but also the abolition of life imprisonment. This is due to the fact that the person who is condemned for life is deprived of freedom for all biological life, he has nothing to lose, there is no point in attaining correction, rethinking his behavior, which is the purpose of punishment. The author pays attention to the fact that life imprisonment does not apply to women in the Russian Federation, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Albania and other countries with legal systems similar to Ukrainian one. This is explained by the fact that the circumstances of committing crimes by women, the severity of their harm, the degree of danger to the society of such women is less than that of men. The global and, in particular, European practice of criminal penalties has unequivocally proved that the probable severity of punishment does not affect the level of crime, that is, it does not perform a preventive function. Thus, from the point of view of combating crime, life imprisonment is not an absolutely effective punishment. The author notes that Ukrainian legislation in the area of regulating life imprisonment for women requires harmonization with European standards and offers ways to reform life imprisonment punishment for women.
Problem setting. Critical thinking is an attribute of consciousness that can be manifested in all human activities where it is required, as a condition of possibility, in the use of critical reason and deliberation. Consequently, it is in the domains of politics that critical thinking is used more frequently, to discuss the scope and concrete significance of the discourses and practices that, from the exercise of public powers, are deployed on intelligent citizenship and with the minimum necessary of information for peer deliberation. Recent research and publications analysis. The term «critical thinking» itself is inextricably linked with the concept of «criticism. The Modern Dictionary of Social Sciences defines the term «criticism» as «a way of spiritual activity, the main task of which is to give a holistic assessment of the phenomenon, revealing its contradictions, strengths and weaknesses». Critical thinking is understood as a system of judgments, which is used to analyze things and events with the formulation of sound conclusions and allows us to make informed estimates, interpretations, and also apply the results to situations and problems. According to a number of researchers (Palacios, Alvarez, Moreira, and Moran, 2017), critical thinking is a type of reasoning that can be defined differently, but most of these reasoning always have something to do with the act of a survey or assessment. For this reason, speaking of critical thinking in general terms, references are made to questions and assessments, which ultimately make it possible to express a judgment or substantiate a position regarding a fact, phenomenon or idea. There is a position that the transition to a critical level of thinking in a particular community is a necessary prerequisite for the beginning of the civilized development of this community. Paper objective. The objective of this article is to deconstruct the most common contributions of critical thinking, as a form of participation and political deliberation. It is about investigating ...
Протягом всієї історії існування ринкових відносин в світі було вироблено десятки мільйонів різних товарів. Переважна їх частина має обмежений термін перебування на ринку, тому управління інноваційними проектами є дуже складною та ризикованою справою. Підприємства, які здійснюють інноваційну діяльність повинні прогнозувати життєві цикли своїх товарів, проводити фінансово-економічний аналіз діяльності та оптимізувати свій бізнес-портфель. Тому сьогодні дуже актуальним є управління промисловими бізнес-проектами на основі планування життєвих циклів. Метою статті є дослідження та аналіз життєвих циклів товарів промислового призначення та особливостей їх окремих стадій. Проведено дослідження життєвих циклів товарів промислового призначення, наведена порівняльна характеристика стадій життєвого циклу промислового товару, особливостей їх окремих стадій та обґрунтовано, що з метою визначення оптимального часу для оновлення продукції або впровадження принципово нової, керівництво підприємства повинно постійно вивчати життєвий цикл своєї продукції, при цьому, правильно передбачити його динаміку і тривалість, враховуючи такі зовнішні фактори, як стан економіки в цілому, рівень інфляції, рівень державної підтримки, платоспроможність ринків, загальний стан ринкової кон'юнктури та зміни в стилі життя, що можуть скоротити чи продовжити життєвий цикл товару. Також запропоновано алгоритм процесу оцінки інноваційного товару на різних стадіях життєвого циклу товару, в якому систематизовано методи оцінки та контролю інновації для окремих стадій та який включає управління інноваційними проектами, починаючи від появи нової ідеї до моменту виведення з ринку, проходячи через всі стадії життєвого циклу та описуючи різні сценарії розвитку інноваційного товару на ринку, що дозволить промисловим підприємствам здійснювати планування та розробку базових стратегій, в тому числі стратегій розвитку на різних етапах життєвого циклу товару, з метою визначення оптимального часу для оновлення продукції або впровадження принципово нової. ; The world history of market relations contains tens of millions of different goods being produced. Most of them have a limited period of stay on the market. Therefore, managing innovative projects is a very complex and risky business. Enterprises that execute innovative activities should forecast the life cycle of goods, conduct a financial and economic analysis of their activities and optimize their business portfolio. Therefore, today it is very important to manage industrial business projects based on life cycle planning. The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the life cycles of industrial products and the characteristics of their individual stages. The paper investigates the life cycles of industrial products, presents the comparative characteristics of the stages of life cycle of industrial products and features of their individual stages. The paper investigates the life cycles of industrial products, presents the comparative characteristics of the stages of life cycle of industrial products, features of their individual stages and substantiates that in order to determine the optimal time update products or introduce a fundamentally new one, the management of the enterprise must constantly study the life cycle of their product, while, correctly predict its dynamics and duration, taking into account such external factors as the state of the economy as a whole, the level of inflation, the level of government support, the solvency of markets, the general state of the market situation and changes in lifestyle that can shorten or prolong the life cycle of a product. The paper also proposes an algorithm of the process of assessing innovative products at different stages of the product life cycle, which systematizes the methods for evaluating and monitoring innovation for separate stages and which includes the management of innovative projects from the emergence of a new idea to the moment оf with drawal from the market, passing through all stages of the life cycle and describing various scenarios for the development of an innovative product on the market, which will allow industrial enterprises to plan and develop basic strategies, including development strategies at different stages of the product life cycle, in order to determine the optimal time for updating products or introducing a fundamentally new one.
The article is dedicated to the life and work of controversial figures on a background of Ukrainian history: a representative of a merchant guild, revolutionary, scholar Leva Platonovich Symyrenka. In the article the author makes an attempt to recreate an objective historical portrait of the famous Ukrainian pomoloha L. Symyrenka. Through the use of archival sources and literature analyzes key moments scientist. An attempt was made to supplement the historical portrait which increases feature of his life: a student revolutionary, political prisoner scholar. The factors affecting the formation and life of the individual, the influence of a scientist on the socio-political processes Ukraine in the second half XIX – at the beginning of the ХХ century. The paper emphasized the particular human traits scientist, his active revolutionary and scientific activities. We give a brief description of family relationships L. Symyrenka that researchers do not pay much attention. The estimate its contribution to the development of national science because they created Mliyivskyy pomolohichnyy nursery, School of Horticulture and scientific elaboration. On the basis of which was brought up a whole galaxy of national scientists. ; Стаття присвячується життю та діяльності неоднозначної постаті на тлі української історії: представника купецької гільдії, революціонера, науковця Лева Платоновича Симиренка. У статті автором здійснено спробу відтворити об'єктивний історичний портрет відомого українського помолога Л. Симиренка. На основі використання архівних джерел та літератури проаналізовано ключові моменти життя науковця. Здійснена спроба доповнити історичний портрет, яка підсилюється особливістю його життєвого шляху: студент-революціонер, політичний в'язень, науковець. Виділено фактори, що впливали на становлення та життєвий шлях особистості, визначено вплив науковця на суспільно-політичні процеси України в другій пол. ХІХ – на поч. ХХ ст. У роботі підкреслено особливі людські риси характеру вченого, його активну революційну та наукову діяльність. Наводиться коротка характеристика сімейних відносин Л. Симиренка, яким дослідники не приділяють значної уваги. Дано оцінку його внеску у розвиток вітчизняної науки через створені ним Мліївський помологічний розсадник, школу садівництва та наукові доробки. На базі яких була вихована ціла плеяда вітчизняних науковців. ; Стаття присвячується життю та діяльності неоднозначної постаті на тлі української історії: представника купецької гільдії, революціонера, науковця Лева Платоновича Симиренка. У статті автором здійснено спробу відтворити об'єктивний історичний портрет відомого українського помолога Л. Симиренка. На основі використання архівних джерел та літератури проаналізовано ключові моменти життя науковця. Здійснена спроба доповнити історичний портрет, яка підсилюється особливістю його життєвого шляху: студент-революціонер, політичний в'язень, науковець. Виділено фактори, що впливали на становлення та життєвий шлях особистості, визначено вплив науковця на суспільно-політичні процеси України в другій пол. ХІХ – на поч. ХХ ст. У роботі підкреслено особливі людські риси характеру вченого, його активну революційну та наукову діяльність. Наводиться коротка характеристика сімейних відносин Л. Симиренка, яким дослідники не приділяють значної уваги. Дано оцінку його внеску у розвиток вітчизняної науки через створені ним Мліївський помологічний розсадник, школу садівництва та наукові доробки. На базі яких була вихована ціла плеяда вітчизняних науковців.
