In One Lifetime
In: Pacific affairs: an international review of Asia and the Pacific, Band 44, Heft 1, S. 156
ISSN: 1715-3379
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In: Pacific affairs: an international review of Asia and the Pacific, Band 44, Heft 1, S. 156
ISSN: 1715-3379
In: Challenge: the magazine of economic affairs, Band 24, Heft 3, S. 23-29
ISSN: 1558-1489
In: Journal of political economy, Band 85, Heft 4, S. 843-849
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Asian affairs: an American review, Band 7, Heft 2, S. 130-130
ISSN: 1940-1590
In: Journal of political economy, Band 87, Heft 1, S. 193-195
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Journal of political economy, Band 87, Heft 5, Part 2, S. S117-S131
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Journal of political economy, Band 89, Heft 3, S. 561-577
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Journal of political economy, Band 80, Heft 1, S. 139-147
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Journal of political economy, Band 90, Heft 1, S. 181-183
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: The American journal of sociology, Band 76, Heft 5, S. 795-812
ISSN: 1537-5390
In: Journal of drug issues: JDI, Band 12, Heft 3, S. 225-239
ISSN: 1945-1369
A probability-based sample of 243 addicts was selected for study from a Baltimore population of 4,069 male opiate addicts. The sample was interviewed and their criminal history was traced in detail over an 11 year risk period during which they were "on the street". It was found that these 243 heroin addicts had committed more than 473,000 crimes. As measured by crime-days, the average addict committed over 178 offenses per year and almost 2,000 offenses during his post-onset lifetime. Although the predominant offense committed was theft (as with most populations of criminals), these addicts were also involved in a wide range of other crimes: drug sales, robbery, forgery, pimping, assault, and murder. The implications of these findings are discussed with respect to the impact of arrest and incarceration upon the lifetime criminality of these addicts. These research results provide a means for estimating the extent of criminality among heroin addicts throughout the United States. Our calculations indicate that the 450,000 heroin addicts in the United States commit more than 50,000,000 crimes per year and that their lifetime criminality exceeds 819,000,000 offenses.
In: The Economic Journal, Band 82, Heft 328, S. 1293
In: Journal of political economy, Band 74, Heft 6, S. 556-572
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Economic Development and Cultural Change, Band 20, Heft 4, S. 611-630
ISSN: 1539-2988