Suchergebnisse

The organisation of the territory is the outcome of strategies of varying scope, in which a number of agents interact to shape out the areas of operation. The Liguria reality is probed here through four different situations - separated in chronological terms but sharing the poor visibility and limited efficacy of the fortified settlements. These focus on Genoa, both in the definition of its hinterland between the tenth and the eleventh centuries, and in establishing the bulwarks of coastal territorial expansion in the twelfth; the powerful groups of feudal lords who remoulded the rural settlement layout in the thirteenth century; finally, a village of the hinterland explored right through to the modern age. - L'organizzazione del territorio è l'esito di politiche di diverso respiro, in cui interagiscono una varietà di attori che sempre riconfigurano spazi di intervento. La realtà della Liguria è qui sondata attraverso quattro situazioni separate cronologicamente ma accomunate da bassa visibilità e scarsa efficacia dei castelli che vedono protagonisti Genova, sia nel definire il suo circondario tra secolo X e XI sia nel fissare i caposaldi dell'espansione territoriale costiera nel secolo XII; potenti gruppi signorili che nel secolo XIII riplasmano l'assetto insediativo rurale; un villaggio dell'entroterra investigato fino all'età moderna

Nel Medioevo in Liguria gli 'statuti' conservano le caratteristiche politiche e sociali delle comunità cittadine e rurali: hanno la stessa denominazione le norme delle loro interne orga-nizzazioni come corporazioni di mestiere, famiglie e ospedali. In tal modo esse possono pre-servare la propria tradizione culturale in connessione con un più vasto contesto giuridico e spirituale.

Paola Guglielmotti ; Contains bibl., bibl. references, notes and name index ; Inhaltsverzeichnis

ITALIANO: Anche in età medievale l'organizzazione del territorio costituisce rivelatore ed esito di politiche di diverso respiro, in cui possono interagire una larga gamma di attori, che plasmano e riconfigurano spazi di intervento. La realtà ligure è qui sondata attraverso quattro situazioni – separate cronologicamente, ma con un minimo comune denominatore nella bassa visibilità e nella scarsa efficacia dell'incastellamento – che vedono protagonisti la maggior città, Genova, sia nel definire il suo immediato circondario tra secolo X e XI, sia nel fissare i primi caposaldi dell'espansione territoriale costiera nel secolo XII; gruppi signorili che originano da pubblici uffici, poggiano su una consistente base di terre e di poteri e nel secolo XIII riqualificano la propria presenza intervenendo sull'assetto insediativo rurale; un piccolo villaggio dell'entroterra osservato in maniera ravvicinata fino alle soglie dell'età moderna. / ENGLISH: The organization of political space results from shifting equilibria where a range of actors interact, continuosly resettling specific ambits. Ligurian is sampled via four situations in different centuries but all characterized by low visibility and modest effectivness of castles. Genoa is analized first as it defines its territory in the 10th-11th centuries, and then as it establishes strongholds for expansion along the coast in the 12th century; powerful lords remoulding the form of rural settlements in the 13th century are examined; an inland village is closely observed up to early modern times.

(Family nicknames and segments of kinship in Liguria [16th-20th centuries]) Family nicknames provide a useful tool to understand the inner structure of kinship during the ancient régime. This paper charts the ways in which collective nicknames were shaped and reshaped within a Ligurian village between the 16th and the 20th centuries. Such development is linked with the process of cohesion and disruption that runs through a hegemonic kinship from a demographic, economic and political point of view. According to our findings, far from being an essencially monolithic and solidaristic structure, kinship betrayes a complex inner configuration, and one made up of ruptures, alliances, conflicts and mediations among segments of competing kins. Recurring first names as further signs of identification of subkinship segments are also examined and the paper casts light upon the meaning of such segments in their relationship with the commons and usage of material resources, prerogatives and symbolic value. ; On this topic: Massimo Angelini: L'enigma Garibaldo - Invenzione della tradizione, parentele e comunanze in un villaggio rurale di antico regime. Pentàgora, Savona 2012

Abstract. The Liguria coastal region in Italy was affected by two heavy rainfall episodes and subsequent severe flooding that occurred at the end of October and the beginning of November 2011. In both cases, the very large accumulated precipitation maxima were associated with intense and quasi-stationary convective systems that developed near the coast, both related to orographic lift and similar low-level mesoscale flow patterns over the Ligurian Sea, giving rise to pronounced convergence lines. This study aims at analysing the main dynamical processes responsible for the onset, lifecycle, intensity and localisation/propagation of the precipitating systems, using the ISAC convection-permitting model MOLOCH applied at different spatial resolutions and comparing model output fields with available observations. The ability of the model in quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF) is tested with respect to initial conditions and model horizontal resolution. Although precipitation maxima remain underestimated in the model experiments, it is shown that errors in QPF in both amount and position tend to decrease with increasing grid resolution. It is shown that model accuracy in forecasting rainfall amounts and localisation of the precipitating systems critically depends on the ability to represent the cold air outflow from the Po Valley to the Ligurian Sea, which determines the position and intensity of the mesoscale convergence lines over the sea. Such convergence lines controls, together with the lifting produced by the Apennines chain surrounding the coast, the onset of the severe convection.

Abstract. In recent decades, the Entella River basin, in the
Liguria Apennines, northern Italy, was hit by numerous intense rainfall
events that triggered shallow landslides and earth flows, causing casualties
and extensive damage. We analyzed landslide information obtained from
different sources and rainfall data recorded in the period 2002–2016 by
rain gauges scattered throughout the catchment, to identify the event rainfall
duration, D (in h), and rainfall intensity, I (in mm h−1), that
presumably caused the landslide events. Rainfall-induced landslides affected
the whole catchment area, but were most frequent and abundant in the central
part, where the three most severe events hit on 23–24 November 2002,
21–22 October 2013 and 10–11 November 2014. Examining the timing and location of
the slope failures, we found that the rainfall-induced landslides occurred
primarily at the same time or within 6 h from the maximum peak
rainfall intensity, and at or near the geographical location where the
rainfall intensity was largest. Failures involved mainly forested and
natural surfaces, and secondarily cultivated and terraced slopes, with
different levels of maintenance. Man-made structures frequently characterize
the landslide source areas. Adopting a frequentist approach, we define the
event rainfall intensity–event duration (ID) threshold for the possible
initiation of shallow landslides and hyper-concentrated flows in the Entella
River basin. The threshold is lower than most of the curves proposed in the
literature for similar mountain catchments, local areas and single regions
in Italy. The result suggests a high susceptibility to rainfall-induced
shallow landslides of the Entella catchment due to its high-relief
topography, geological and geomorphological settings, meteorological and
rainfall conditions, and human interference. Analysis of the antecedent
rainfall conditions for different periods, from 3 to 15 days, revealed that
the antecedent rainfall did not play a significant role in the initiation of
landslides in the Entella catchment. We expect that our findings will be
useful in regional to local landslides early warning systems, and for
land planning aimed at reducing landslide risk in the study area.

En este artículo se analiza (el empleo) la reintroducción de la arquitectura en sillares en época medieval en la ciudad de Génova. Las investigaciones realizadas en esta ciudad y su territorio han mostrado como este tipo de tecnologías constructivas, empleadas en el período altoimperial, se han abandonado a partir del medio imperio, y solamente se documentan en Génova a partir del siglo XII en el contexto de arquitecturas realizadas por las élites urbanas. A través de las fuentes escritas se ha podido identificar a los autores de estas primeras construcciones, que aparecen en la documentación con el nombre de «magistri Antelami», que podríamos identificar como canteros especializados provenientes del valle del río Intelvi. Se conoce la presencia de estos canteros a partir del siglo XII en fábricas realizadas por aristócratas residentes en la colina Castello de Génova. Como estos maestros estaban con anterioridad especializados en el trabajo de la madera, se sugiere que se hayan especializado en la estereotomía en Medio Oriente a través de las operaciones militares y comerciales realizadas en Tierra Santa por Génova en este siglo.