Global Players — Local Actors
In: Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung, S. 139-143
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In: Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung, S. 139-143
In: The SAIS review of international affairs / the Johns Hopkins University, the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Band 34, Heft 2, S. 51-61
ISSN: 1945-4724
In: Policy and society, Band 31, Heft 2, S. 105-117
ISSN: 1839-3373
What is the status and role in public action of the knowledge possessed by 'simple' citizens, users and professionals? That is the question broached in both this article and the entire special issue for which it serves as the introduction. To this end, we explore the abundant scientific literature pertaining to the topic and try to situate our own position within the broader setting. After discussing the gradual questioning of the social representations that have made scientific knowledge the ideal and standard by which we measure all knowledge, we argue that many authors with an essentialist approach to knowledge have stressed the differences between scientific knowledge and non-scientific knowledge, often leaving us at an impasse. We argue therefore that it is preferable to advance an approach in which knowledge is as at once relational and in a constant process of hybridization. Having opted for and justified this position, we then focus on the – hybrid – knowledge possessed by citizens, users and professionals, by first probing the reasons for the growing involvement of these actors in the production of knowledge and policies. We then ponder the nature and foundations of the complaints and criticisms frequently levelled at participatory mechanisms as to the actual role played in these areas by the knowledge held by 'local' actors. In the end, we identify proposals defended by certain authors to make the interactions of actors from different social worlds more symmetrical.
In: The SAIS review of international affairs / the Johns Hopkins University, the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Band 34, Heft 2, S. 51-61
ISSN: 1945-4716
World Affairs Online
In: Conflict resolution and peacebuilding in Asia
Attentive to intersecting issues of colonialism, political marginalization, and ethnic diversity, this book examines the crucial role that local actors play in working towards sustainable peace in Mindanao, Philippines. Interviewees include both those involved in the formal peace process between the Bangsamoro people and the government of the Philippines, as well as those who have worked more broadly in building a local culture of peace through activities such as education, dialogues, awareness-building, or social reconciliation. This book provides provocative insights for multidimensional peacebuilding strategies in conflict-impacted communities, regions, and nations.
World Affairs Online
In: Socio-economic planning sciences: the international journal of public sector decision-making, Band 35, Heft 1, S. 31-56
ISSN: 0038-0121
Metadata only record ; This review samples the rapidly expanding literature on decentralization in Africa. It examines design and implementation issues emerging in decentralization and identifies fruitful areas for policy research and analysis in this critical governance domain. From the review of the literature, it appears that decentralization is not taking the forms necessary to realize the benefits that theory predicts, because it fails to entrust downwardly accountable representative actors with significant domains of autonomous discretionary power. The decentralizations under way differ in terms of the level of legal reform involved; the scale and number of layers of local government; the kinds of local authorities being engaged and developed; the mix of powers and obligations devolved; the sectors involved; the nature of the enabling environment; and the motives of governments for launching the reforms in the first place. These variables are examined with respect to how they shape expected outcomes.
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In: Latin American politics and society, Band 44, Heft 4, S. 169-173
ISSN: 1531-426X
In: Governance: an international journal of policy and administration, Band 32, Heft 1, S. 159-176
ISSN: 1468-0491
Decentralized decision making has created restructuring from larger to smaller administrative units, but in many places, strays little from existing arrangements. Moves toward decentralization from central government to city‐regions, and in some areas, below city‐region scale to neighborhoods, reflect a mandate for reform. What is the nature and extent of desired reforms? Using an institutionalist lens, homogeneity and heterogeneity in local narratives about possible future reform can be surfaced. This article emphasizes the importance of understanding the role of local actors' narratives in shaping decentralized institutions. This article uses the findings from a Q‐methodology study to identify and interrogate distinctive local viewpoints on attempts to decentralize decision making in England. In a systematic empirical analysis, local actors' narratives were largely in favor of relatively minor modifications to the status quo. The findings question a conflation of decentralization with participation in decision making.
This paper explains the conspiracy and involvement boss mine (coal) in several provincial elections (regents and governors) in South Kalimantan. As is known, the political landscape of post Soeharto New Order government that gave birth to democracy and radical change in the institutions of power, namely from the centralized power-authoritarian system to a democratic system of government has spawned a democratic transition which was prolonged until today. In the midst of a prolonged transition to democracy at this time, the arena of democracy has been hijacked and the stage of political and economic power has been controlled by entrepreneurs or local and national capitalist power by doing pesekongkolan between candidates authorities or local authorities that one of them through the local election process. The businessmen are involved as a supplier of funds to the local authorities candidate to win as a form of money politics and transactional politics. In some cases the local elections in South Kalimantan, such as the election of the regent and the governor, political practice is utilized with clarity and has already become a political culture that is structured within massive post-New Order government. Therefore, democracy is being woken up in Indonesia after the New Order.
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In: The mobilization series on social movements, protest, and culture
Devils on the doorstep: China and "foreign influence" -- Global discourses and NGO development inside China -- Development along China's periphery: Yunnan -- The Ford Foundation's poverty alleviation project: unintended consequences of participatory discourse -- NGO activism against Nu River Hydropower Dam: horizontal dynamics in transnational activism -- Saving the last great places: the irony of China's first national park -- Conclusion: local actors in transnational activation
In Uganda, environmental and natural resource management is decentralized and has been the responsibility of local districts since 1996. This environmental management arrangement was part of a broader decentralization process and was intended to increase local ownership and improve environmental policy; however, its implementation has encountered several major challenges over the last decade. This article reviews some of the key structural problems facing decentralized environmental policy in this central African country and examines these issues within the wider framework of political decentralization. Tensions have arisen between technical staff and politicians, between various levels of governance, and between environmental and other policy domains. This review offers a critical reflection on the perspectives and limitations of decentralized environmental governance in Uganda. Our conclusions focus on the need to balance administrative staff and local politicians, the mainstreaming of local environmental policy, and the role of international donors.
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In: Routledge library editions: politics of the Middle East volume 18
In: Working paper 2014,4
In: Humanity & society, Band 40, Heft 3, S. 306-328
ISSN: 2372-9708
Drawing on the experiences of 25 Salvadoran activists in the metro District of Columbia (DC) area, I examine how seasoned activists, or individuals with long-standing organizing experience, maintain critical stances toward their homeland government's practices while using hostland resources to organize and lessen the impact it has on their compatriots. Building on Vertovec's notion of the "transnational consciousness," I show seasoned activists use this mind-set to analyze two components of the Salvadoran experience—they see individual remittances creating unnecessary burdens and no political clout for expatriates in El Salvador and are concerned with temporary protected status putting holders in legal limbo in the metro DC area. Understanding this mind-set uncovers the experience of being both "here" and "there" but ultimately leads seasoned activists to become better activists in their evolving organizing work.