Suchergebnisse

The major environmental concerns of agriculture in Mexico are related to water resources and deforestation, in addition to the increasingly important issues of pesticide use, pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and soil erosion. This situation worsens in arid or semiarid regions, such as the state of Zacatecas, where the main source of water is 34 aquifers, 15 of which are overexploited. One option for reducing environmental deterioration is to encourage production units to adopt environmental management systems (EMS). These systems, however, are not well known to growers at the local or national level. The establishment of an EMS in the agricultural sector is relatively new, although it is widely used in other industrial sectors. This study determined the views, drivers and barriers to adopting an EMS in the vegetable sector of the state of Zacatecas, Mexico. A questionnaire was given to 202 technicians or owners of vegetable production units. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Improving access to markets was the most important driver for EMS adoption, while the lack of government support was the main barrier. The study demonstrated that views of sustainability are closely related to attitudes toward environmental management actions and environmental sustainability.

Waste is one of the causes of disturbance of natural biogeochemical cycles, it covers significant areas for storage, pollutes the atmosphere, soil, surface and groundwater with harmful and toxic substances, dust, gaseous emissions. Waste management is crucial in the protection of our natural surroundings. The impact of the situation in the field of waste generation on the overall environmental situation is critical which makes it necessary to take this factor into account when assessing economic development. The environmental situation in Russia is estimated by many environmentalists as critical but stable without any major improvements. According to the Federal State Statistics Service, in the last decade annual discharges into wastewater have decreased (by 15.7% from 2005 to 2015) and so have air pollutants (by 12.7% over the same period), which is explained by the economic crisis (in 2008 and 2015) and some tightening of environmental legislation (increased payments for negative impact on the environment). The article examines methodical approaches to analysing and forecasting the processes in the sphere of handling production and consumption waste. The results of the forecast of the volume of accumulated waste based on the dynamic model of the interindustry balance are presented in the article. It also provides the indicators of total de-consumption by types of economic activity.

A modo de contribución al debate académico sobre el uso de la externalización como fórmula de provisión de los servicios públicos locales, el artículo plantea focalizar la atención en los factores político-institucionales. A partir de la revisión de los principales argumentos presentes en la literatura se plantea su contraste empírico a través de un estudio transversal que comprende todos los municipios de más de 5 mil habitantes de Catalunya, una Comunidad Autónoma española. Se construye una tipología de municipios mediante un análisis de componentes principales y un análisis clúster y se contrasta la existencia de diferencias en el porcentaje de externalización entre tipos de municipios. Los resultados muestran la relevancia de los factores político-institucionales en la selección de la fórmula de prestación de servicios y permiten identificar tres estrategias que plantean la externalización como mecanismo de flexibilidad en la gestión pública. ; Como contributo para o debate acadêmico sobre o uso da terceirização como um meio de fornecer serviços públicos locais, o artigo se propõe a chamar a atenção para os fatores políticos e institucionais. A partir da revisão dos principais argumentos presentes na literatura, seu contraste empírico surge por meio de um estudo transversal que compreende todos os municípios com mais de 5 mil habitantes da Comunidade Autônoma da Catalunha, na Espanha. Elabora-se uma tipologia de municípios mediante uma análise de componentes principais e uma análise de clusters em que se contrastam as diferenças de percentagens de externalização entre diferentes tipos de municípios. Os resultados mostram a importância dos fatores políticos e institucionais na escolha da fórmula de prestação de serviços e permitem identificar três estratégias que enfocam a externalização como um mecanismo de flexibilidade na gestão pública. ; As a contribution to the academic debate on the use of outsourcing as a formula for the provision of local public services, the article proposes to focus attention on political-institutional factors. The paper departs from the review of the main arguments highlighted by the literature and it contrasts their expected results in cross-sectional study based on data from all the municipalities with over 5,000 inhabitants in Catalonia, a Spanish Autonomous Community. A typology of municipalities is constructed through principal component analysis and a cluster analysis and the existence of differences in the percentage of outsourcing among types of municipalities is tested. The results show the relevance of political-institutional factors in the selection of the service provision formula and allow us to identify three strategies that propose outsourcing as a mechanism of flexibility of public management.

ABSTRACT Corruption crime has recently received more attention from the police. The management of investigating corruption cases is an interesting problem and it has had a big influence on both political and state life. The purpose of this study was to explain and identify the leadership of the team of investigators in the corruption cases investigating management. This research used a qualitative approach combined with a descriptive research method. The results of this study concluded that leadership is a process used by leaders to direct the organization and to provide examples of behavior for their subordinates in the investigation team.

Los Critical Management Studies (CMS), es una corriente de pensamiento de administración y organización que nace de los constructos de teoría política de izquierda, propuestas innovadoras de gestión, las prácticas empresariales y aparición de nuevas formas organizacionales (Fournier y Grey, 2.000). La realización de este trabajo tuvo como fin analizar los antecedentes de los CMS, sus elementos, criterios y dimensiones centrales, mostrándose una de las principales preocupaciones por este grupo de investigadores como ha sido la crítica hacia los modelos de educación tradicionales, con acento en las escuelas de negocios y administración; definiéndose además temas que se han considerado como centrales en el desarrollo de sus investigaciones tales como la performatividad, la desnaturalización, la reflexividad y la emancipación. El problema se caracteriza por ser un tema novedoso debido a que algunos autores consideran que esta corriente de pensamiento comenzó en la década de los 80 y por lo tanto estos estudios se han considerado como recientes porque implican una posición revisionista del marco tradicional de administración y representan una alternativa en términos de reducir la problemática negativa de los humano en las organizaciones ; Abstract: The Critical Management Studies (CMS), is a management and organizational current of though that borns from the constructs of leftist political theory, innovative management proposals, business practices and the emergence of new organizational forms (Fournier and Grey, 2000). The accomplishment of this work was aimed to analyze the background of the CMS, its elements, criteria and key dimensions, showing one of the main concerns for this group of researchers as has been the criticism of traditional education models, with emphasis on business and management schools; well defined issues that have been considered central to the development of their research such as performativity, denaturation, reflexivity and emancipation. The problem is characterized by a novel issue because some authors believe that this thinking began in the 80s and therefore these studies have considered recent revisionist position because they involve a traditional management framework and represent an alternative in terms of reducing the negative issue of human in organizations ; Maestría

Using dialectical, systemic, logical and historical methods of scientific knowledge, the main purpose of the article was to study the features of the state legal regulation of the innovation development management system. The subject of the research is the system of innovative development. The sphere of innovation at the present stage acts as a highly organized type of activity that requires the reciprocal influence of the state. The experience of developed countries shows that the existence of a market economy is not a sufficient condition for technological growth. It is concluded that consistent state regulatory measures are needed to create a favorable innovation climate to help develop the country's scientific and technical potential. As a result of the study, a number of key aspects of state legal regulation of the innovation development management system were identified.

Tourism, as a fundamental sector in the economy of many countries, already requires a high degree of knowledge in its design and management, so it is necessary to involve the actors that intervene and support it, who are responsible for coordinating tourism policies and of the execution of the strategic plans of the tourism, which refers to the governments, the administrations and the public organisms, which through the management. Therefore, this book aims to illustrate the impact that tourism policy has had on the development of tourism, as well as the Public Management of Tourism. ; El turismo como sector fundamental en la economía de muchos países requiere ya un alto grado de conocimiento en su diseño y gestión por lo que es necesario involucrar a los actores que intervienen y la soportan los cuales son los responsables de la coordinación de las políticas turísticas y de la ejecución de los planes estratégicos del turismo, el cual se refiere a los gobiernos, las administraciones y los organismos públicos, las cuales a través de la gestión. Por lo tanto, este libro pretende ilustrar el impacto que ha tenido la política turística en el desarrollo del turismo, así como la gestión que hacen las administraciones públicas.

El enfoque competitivo de la teoría de la Gestión del Conocimiento ha permitido que en la primera década del siglo xxi las instituciones gubernamentales se enfocaran en los recursos humanos como materia prima de generación de conocimiento en la organización que beneficia a los usuarios de las distintas dependencias gubernamentales, resolviendo los conflictos más frecuentes y apoyando a la continuidad de los procesos comunes sin caer en rutinas que llevan al bajo aprovechamiento de los recursos. Este trabajo tiene por objeto mostrar cómo ha mejorado el rendimiento de algunas dependencias públicas de la ciudad de Guadalajara a través de un modelo de gestión del conocimiento. ; The competitive approach to the theory of knowledge management has allowed the first decade of the twenty-first century government institutions will focus on human resources as feedstock to generate knowledge in the organization that benefits users of various government, Solving the most common conflicts and supporting the continuity of the common processes without falling into routines that lead to low utilization of resources.This work aims to show how it has improved the performance of some public agencies in the city of Guadalajara through a knowledge management model

The competitive approach to the theory of knowledge management has allowed the first decade of the twenty-first century government institutions will focus on human resources as feedstock to generate knowledge in the organization that benefits users of various government, Solving the most common conflicts and supporting the continuity of the common processes without falling into routines that lead to low utilization of resources.This work aims to show how it has improved the performance of some public agencies in the city of Guadalajara through a knowledge management model ; El enfoque competitivo de la teoría de la Gestión del Conocimiento ha permitido que en la primera década del siglo xxi las instituciones gubernamentales se enfocaran en los recursos humanos como materia prima de generación de conocimiento en la organización que beneficia a los usuarios de las distintas dependencias gubernamentales, resolviendo los conflictos más frecuentes y apoyando a la continuidad de los procesos comunes sin caer en rutinas que llevan al bajo aprovechamiento de los recursos. Este trabajo tiene por objeto mostrar cómo ha mejorado el rendimiento de algunas dependencias públicas de la ciudad de Guadalajara a través de un modelo de gestión del conocimiento.

The interest to the project management that appeared several years ago has made it surely the most mentioned and widely known tool of management. In many ways it has happened due to set of regulatory documents of the RF Government that establishes arrangement procedure of project activities, organization chart of management system, initialization stages, preparation stages, implementation stages, monitoring and priority project accomplishment stages and others. State governments in the Russian Federation were recommended to organize project activity at their level. Taking into account that the number of employees of governmental authorities and municipal authorities at the end of 2016 was 31.8 people per 1000 people active in economy or about 1 million of people in absolute terms, target audience amount who is interested in project management methods study is quite remarkable. However, regulatory documents offered by the RF Government do not contain methodological description of project management basis and verification of its advantages in comparison with other management tools and contain the aggregation of best practice in the sphere of project management. The responses to the mentioned questions were covered fragmentarily in the scientific-practical literature; the main focus is on the analysis of strategic tools and project management methods and not on basic management philosophy.

En el marco introductorio de las Empresas públicas y sus problemas regulatorios, este trabajo, tiene como objetivo trabajar sobre el concepto del capital social y la gerencia pública.En la primera parte se plantea la problemática de las empresas públicas. Se sugiere que si bien las mismas pueden ser reemplazadas por otras medidas orientadoras del Estado ellas permanecen y juegan un papel sistémico con el sector privado en el proceso de acumulación de capital.En la segunda parte se aborda la relación entre política y capital social y entre capital social y gerencia pública. Finalmente se hace referencia a la cuestión de la conectividad, la cooperación inter-institucional, las especificidades y diferencias con la gerencia privada. Se argumenta que si bien se pueden utilizar herramientas de gestión técnica de empresas privadas en el Estado, es preciso diferenciar los niveles de acción pública y los ámbitos posibles de aplicación de las mismas. ; In the introductory frame of State Companies and their regulation problems, the objective of this paper is to work on the concept of social capital and public management.In the first part, the problems of state companies are presented. It is suggested that although they can be replaced by other State guiding measures, they remain and play a systemic role together with the private sector in the process of accumulation of capital.In the second part, the relationships between politics and social capital and between social capital and public management are addressed. Finally, we refer to the topic of connectivity, inter-institutional cooperation and specificities and differences compared to private management. It is argued that although we can use technical administration tools from private companies in the State, it is necessary to differentiate the levels of public action and the possible settings for their application.

In the introductory frame of State Companies and their regulation problems, the objective of this paper is to work on the concept of social capital and public management.In the first part, the problems of state companies are presented. It is suggested that although they can be replaced by other State guiding measures, they remain and play a systemic role together with the private sector in the process of accumulation of capital.In the second part, the relationships between politics and social capital and between social capital and public management are addressed. Finally, we refer to the topic of connectivity, inter-institutional cooperation and specificities and differences compared to private management. It is argued that although we can use technical administration tools from private companies in the State, it is necessary to differentiate the levels of public action and the possible settings for their application. ; En el marco introductorio de las Empresas públicas y sus problemas regulatorios, este trabajo, tiene como objetivo trabajar sobre el concepto del capital social y la gerencia pública.En la primera parte se plantea la problemática de las empresas públicas. Se sugiere que si bien las mismas pueden ser reemplazadas por otras medidas orientadoras del Estado ellas permanecen y juegan un papel sistémico con el sector privado en el proceso de acumulación de capital.En la segunda parte se aborda la relación entre política y capital social y entre capital social y gerencia pública. Finalmente se hace referencia a la cuestión de la conectividad, la cooperación inter-institucional, las especificidades y diferencias con la gerencia privada. Se argumenta que si bien se pueden utilizar herramientas de gestión técnica de empresas privadas en el Estado, es preciso diferenciar los niveles de acción pública y los ámbitos posibles de aplicación de las mismas.

The police, as well as other government agencies is a rather conservative mechanism not prone to rapid changes of style, techniques and methods of work and management methods as well. Despite more than a four-year "experience" of police reform in Russia, the police, is still the subject of constant criticism both from policing practitioners and theorists. This article describes the "cooperative" management system. The goal of the proposed material to the reader is the opening for the Russian reader leadership practices of the German police. The authors suggest that familiarity with the data presented below will help the continued practice of reforming of the Russian police, as well as police forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Today, both in Europe and Russia the traditional authoritarian system management and administration of the force dominates the fact that due to authors does not meet modern requirements of a changing and globalizing society and in the Police Science there is almost complete lack of international studies and those present are very scattered and fragmentary. It seems that this material will be useful for the further work of managers in the Russian police and possibly other countries of the so-called the former Soviet Union.

La autogestión es la forma económica de la emancipación social, en tanto significa que son las personas las que toman en sus manos la dirección de sus asuntos, construyendo y recreando sus territorios. En América Latina son numerosos los movimientos sociales que han utilizado la autogestión como complemento a sus prácticas de resistencia social y cultural, este artículo, a través de una reflexión teórica, versara sobre la autogestión como herramienta de resistencia, ejemplificada en movimientos sociales de Argentina y Chile.