Suchergebnisse

The main directions of reforming the system of administrative management in Ukraine are investigated in the article. Modern systems of administrative management are analyzed and it is suggested to concentrate on five main directions of improvement of the system of administrative management: 1. Privatization and decentralization of public administration; 2. Reduction of excessive state regulation; 3. Improving the quality of public services; 4. Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of government; 5. Increasing the information openness of the authorities.

The purpose of the research is to determine the tendencies of development of power grids ofsettlements and optimal approaches to their analysis and calculations in the conditions of introduction oftechnological innovations in the field of information and energy technologies, as well as decentralization ofsettlements.The article reviews modern approaches and technical solutions, details the issues of SmartGrid formation bycombining the introduction of smart approaches and integrated electricity generation, consumption and storagesystems.Important aspects of SmartGrid formation in settlements include the need to develop municipal managementsystems within individual homes and complexes, as well as the formation of an integrated transportation system thatincludes both public transport and individual vehicles of various types and forms of ownership. In general, thecombination of the efforts of local governments, commercial and non-profit institutions, homeowners and localresidents is identified as an important prerequisite for successful SmartGrid formation in settlements.The result of the work is to identify current trends in the development of power systems of settlements, inparticular, the need to form an intermediate link of energy policy - at the level of settlements and territories thatconnect local participants in the energy market (generation, storage and consumption of electricity) and act asintegrated active participants of the national energy country and national energy market.There is also justification of the relevance of the methods of calculation of power systems, in particular, theextension of the method of individual components based on Laplace transformations and operator calculations,which allow to obtain energy characteristics and parameters of electricity in analytical form for use in intelligentpower management systems.As a result, the study confirms the need to further refine the SmartGrid concept by integrating elements ofenergy systems, intellectualizing management processes and developing new approaches to energy marketdecentralization.

The purpose of the research is to determine the tendencies of development of power grids ofsettlements and optimal approaches to their analysis and calculations in the conditions of introduction oftechnological innovations in the field of information and energy technologies, as well as decentralization ofsettlements.The article reviews modern approaches and technical solutions, details the issues of SmartGrid formation bycombining the introduction of smart approaches and integrated electricity generation, consumption and storagesystems.Important aspects of SmartGrid formation in settlements include the need to develop municipal managementsystems within individual homes and complexes, as well as the formation of an integrated transportation system thatincludes both public transport and individual vehicles of various types and forms of ownership. In general, thecombination of the efforts of local governments, commercial and non-profit institutions, homeowners and localresidents is identified as an important prerequisite for successful SmartGrid formation in settlements.The result of the work is to identify current trends in the development of power systems of settlements, inparticular, the need to form an intermediate link of energy policy - at the level of settlements and territories thatconnect local participants in the energy market (generation, storage and consumption of electricity) and act asintegrated active participants of the national energy country and national energy market.There is also justification of the relevance of the methods of calculation of power systems, in particular, theextension of the method of individual components based on Laplace transformations and operator calculations,which allow to obtain energy characteristics and parameters of electricity in analytical form for use in intelligentpower management systems.As a result, the study confirms the need to further refine the SmartGrid concept by integrating elements ofenergy systems, intellectualizing management processes and developing new approaches to energy marketdecentralization.

Introduction. In the conditions of the development of a market economy, the task of managing economic risks is transformed and expanded significantly, as competition stimulates economic agents to actively study information in order to prevent possible mistakes in the implementation of risky operations in economic systems of different levels of functional organization. In order to use the laws of the market rather than be a victim of it, to improve its own financial and economic activities in a market system, taking advantage of its advantages, it is necessary to improve traditional forms and develop new methods and techniques for managing economic risks and their consequences. One of these forms is modern risk management. Within its limits, economic risk is considered not only in the narrow-categorical meaning of this phenomenon, but also as a category that combines the economic risks, formed by all, without excluding the components of the process of economic reproduction. Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to study the concept of economic risk as a theoretical category, which has certain features and features in the conceptual apparatus of risk management, and in determining the specific types of risks that should become the primary objects of management at the application level in the process of risk management in practice of domestic enterprises.Methods. The method of theoretical analysis, the method of generalization, comparison ae used.Results. Economic risk is not a scientific category that has only a negative impact on modern business. Economic risk also means a situation that can provide additional opportunities for enterprises in the process of their financial and economic activity. But the use of positive opportunities for the existence of economic risks can only be provided if the company has an effectively organized and constantly operating risk management mechanism.The most significant economic risks for modern business in 2018 were as follows: limiting globalization / increasing protectionism, leaps in oil prices, sharp drop in asset prices, the emergence of a subversive business model, international terrorism, sudden changes in legislation, the global recession, an unstable situation on The Middle East, increased competition from emerging market companies, shortages of skilled personnel, climate change, increased levels of industrial pollution.Originality. The necessity of taking into account economic risks in the process of realization of the enterprise financial and economic activity is substantiated. Lists of traditional and contemporary economic risks are recognized as reputable experts at the supranational level. The steps to form a modern economic risk management strategy are identified.Conclusion. In the conditions of the domestic mixed economy, the economic risk is of a specific nature, due to the immutability of market relations, the preservation of certain elements of the command and administrative system, the growth of the consequences of economic, financial, transformational crisis. These circumstances complicate the functioning of domestic business and make virtually any positive action related to the target concentration of resources for the creation of competing productions. In the process of economic activity, economic risk is perceived as a combination of certain adverse and positive effects that may occur after the implementation of the chosen decisions. In this regard, it becomes apparent that in order to obtain the expected results, the economic risk should be managed.

The article points out that the process of introducing market relations in Ukraine and the growing role and importance of joint-stock companies in the economic development of the country and well-being of its citizens have created the need of corporate governance that emerged due to changing ownership structures and transition to market relations.The study shows that the corporate form of business organization is a new and complex phenomenon in Ukraine. Corporations (joint-stock companies) are the most widespread and significant form of business organization in the current conditions. It is emphasized that the defining feature of a corporation is that it is owned by shareholders who bought stock. This requires a completely different approach to management and control. The nature, role and principles of corporate governance framework are described. It is reasoned that since management and ownership are separated, there is a need to balance interests of shareholders and management.It is stressed that corporate governance is an important factor in the company's activity and development, the primary purpose of which is to provide owners with the opportunity to organize and exercise effective control over management. The essence of corporate governance is to achieve a balance of interests for participants of corporate governance, namely: shareholders, managers, supervisory board and other groups and individuals (suppliers, consumers, creditors, government authorities, etc). The role and place of management in corporate governance, their interests and powers are highlighted.The following responsibilities are associated with executive bodies, or management: solving currents problems related to the corporation's activities, ensuring decision-making by general meeting of shareholders and supervisory board, planning, organizing, motivating, coordinating, and monitoring.It is substantiated that management and corporate governance are different concepts. The key difference is that corporate governance is a wider concept, and management is an integral part of it. The effectiveness of corporate governance rests on the organization of the work of management.

The subject of the study is the use of accounting in the enterprise management system. The purpose of the study is to clarify the problematic aspects and the role of accounting as an element of the enterprise management system, optimization of the management decision–making process based on it. Methodology of work. To solve the problems the following research methods have been used: dialectical method of scientific knowledge, the analysis and synthesis method; comparison method; data generalization method. The results of the work: the role of accounting in the information support of the enterprise management system has been established; financial, tax, statistical and management reporting has been characterized in terms of ensuring the implementation of management functions; the ways to improve the development process of the administrative accounting reporting have been offered. Conclusions. The company's financial statements are the element of a market economy infrastructure, a real means of communication allowing the managers of different government levels to form the strategy and tactics of the enterprise development. The basis for performing all functions of the enterprise management is a reporting system that covers financial, statistical, tax and management reporting. The financial statements are considered to be the most informative for the needs of management. The diversity of information requests of the management staff requires the improvement of reports forming process aimed to increase its management orientation.

The dynamic growth in consumption causes an increasing quantity of industrial and communal waste. The waste is the reason for many problems in all countries of the world, and preventing its abundant generation, its rational exploitation and, as the last resort, safe disposal is one of the important challenges posed to contemporary cities. Managing the waste economy or the waste management policy is the area of the interests of the European Union, both in legal and economic aspects. The legal aspects encompass the protection of the natural environment whereas the economic ones address the economical usage of waste under the municipal economy. Poland, following the E.U. trends, is adapting its legislation to the E.U. legislation. Thus it puts more weight to the 'waste' policy implementing some solutions in the area of waste management drawing on the Swedish or German models, i.e. trying, to give an example, to transform a part of the waste thermally this way generating fuel for the production of central heating and electric energy. The article is aimed at the presentation of the current issues in the area of the waste management policy in Poland, above all, pertaining to the amendment to the regulations covered by the Law on the Maintenance of the Order and Cleanliness in Communities. The article also aims to address the issues pertaining to the so-called "in house" orders connected with the management of communal waste by municipal companies.

Evaluation has accompanied public interventions for almost 100 years. At least since the prevalence of the NPM model evaluation should be regarded as a management tool and its role and effectiveness ought to be analyzed in this context. Meanwhile, the relationship of evaluation and management processes does not seem to be widely discussed in the literature. This article is an attempt to fill this gap. It presents a selection of the literature on management (mainly strategic) and evaluation relating to the place of evaluation in the management cycle of public intervention. Then it proposes a model of evaluation as the process accompanying the management of public intervention, which may be the basis for future analyzes of the use of evaluation.