Search results

Provides a multidisciplinary analysis of the range of marine resource management issues. Identifies Australian domestic and international law boundaries and zones of maritime jurisdiction. Explains the legal framework of rights and obligations for the conduct of activities in each legal zone -- Back cover

The main theme of this dissertation is a challenge to the traditional paradigm of optimal control for the management of renewable resources. That is not to say that optimization should not be the goal but rather, previous modeling and policy have presumed that managers have greater control and knowledge of marine systems than is the case. All models make simplifying (and false) assumptions but assuming control and knowledge in marine systems is not benign. In a dynamic control problem, one must actually control the variable of interest and know or learn the system's parameters. I discuss reasons why managers may not control harvests and cannot know system parameters and consider possible remedies to the historically sub-optimal management of marine resources. Marine resources are observed imperfectly and are often held as common property. In this dissertation I explore the feasibility of management plans when naturalcapital stock dynamics are unobservable and when political structures constrain the implementation of optimal management. Resource managers are faced with conflicting user groups and limited information. In three chapters I study constrained management In my first chapter, "Jobs or Resources?" I consider the political economy implications of technological under various management scenarios. I show that typical management targets will require the retirement of inputs as technology progresses. This is particularly problematic for fisheries in which labor is involved in management decisions. This can lead to false inference about the health of the stock. For the second chapter, "Natural Resource Collapse: Technological Change and Biased Estimation", I show that unexpected fisheries collapse may be linked to unobserved technological change. Unexpected collapse of natural resources is of great concern to policy makers. The literature and popular press have attributed collapse to the lack of well-defined property rights and policies that pay inadequate attention to random environmental variability. Both the literature and policy makers have overlooked how unobserved technological change can obscure the depletion of natural- capital stocks. The paper shows that even if property rights are well-defined and random fluctuations are small, modest increases in technical efficiency conceal the depletion of stocks. Using the most general model of surplus production in a single-species fishery I show analytically that proportional growth of the fish stock is overestimated when even one period of technological change is ignored. Through simulations, I find that standard statistical tests overestimate the productivity of the fish stock. I show that collapse is inevitable if technology increases without bound and that the path to collapse is not observed until stocks are low and declining rapidly. In the third chapter, "Marine protected areas as a risk management tool" I consider a potential fix to the inference problems highlighted in the second chapter and in other work such as Carson and Murray (2005). When parameter uncertainty is significant, I show that even in an otherwise deterministic world, expected payoffs can be increased by using simple spatial closures. Though optimal fleet size and reserve size combinations exist, a spatial closure can increase expected payoff even if the fleet-size is chosen to be too large or too small. The benefit of closures is not limited to hedge against stock collapse but is of value even when stock size is large and steady-state catches are relatively high

Because the Anthropocene by definition is an epoch during which environmental change is largely anthropogenic and driven by social, economic, psychological and political forces, environmental social scientists can effectively analyse human behaviour and knowledge systems in this context. In this subject review, we summarize key ways in which the environmental social sciences can better inform fisheries management policy and practice and marine conservation in the Anthropocene. We argue that environmental social scientists are particularly well positioned to synergize research to fill the gaps between: (1) local behaviours/needs/worldviews and marine resource management and biological conservation concerns; and (2) large-scale drivers of planetary environmental change (globalization, affluence, technological change, etc.) and local cognitive, socioeconomic, cultural and historical processes that shape human behaviour in the marine environment. To illustrate this, we synthesize the roles of various environmental social science disciplines in better understanding the interaction between humans and tropical marine ecosystems in developing nations where issues arising from human-coastal interactions are particularly pronounced. We focus on: (1) the application of the environmental social sciences in marine resource management and conservation; (2) the development of 'new' socially equitable marine conservation; (3) repopulating the seascape; (4) incorporating multi-scale dynamics of marine social-ecological systems; and (5) envisioning the future of marine resource management and conservation for producing policies and projects for comprehensive and successful resource management and conservation in the Anthropocene.

Marine resources have become a niche of life for fishing groups on the coast of Palabuhanratu Sukabumi, West Java. The dependence of the fishing groups on natural resources has led to competition in the process of obtaining resources. The purpose of this study is to analyze stakeholders in marine resource management in Palabuhanratu. This research was conducted in Palabuhanratu, West Java, Indonesia. The research employed a qualitative approach with 60 informants, divided into 20 local fishermen, 20 migrant fishermen, and 20 external fishermen. The results of the study show several analyzes of the research objectives. First, several actors have an interest and influence in marine resource management in Palabuhanratu, including government actors, local fishermen, migrant fishermen, external fishermen, and marine tourism. Migrant fishermen have a high interest and influence in the process of exploiting marine resources in Palabuhanratu. Second, the relationships that exist between actors in the interaction process for the marine resource management in Palabuhanratu can take the form of negotiations and conflicts. Conflicts that occur are in the form of destroying other fishing gear, controlling the area, and protesting, while negotiations occur in the form of a cooperative relationship between groups of fishermen in catching fish and agreeing on boundaries for each type of fishing gear.

1. Introduction : the ongoing agenda -- 2. Natural resources and management : emerging views -- 3. Social-ecological systems -- 4. Resilience : health of social-ecological systems -- 5. Can commons be managed? -- 6. Co-management : searching for multilevel solutions -- 7. Coastal zone : reconciling multiple uses -- 8. Conserving biodiversity : MPAs and stewardship -- 9. Coastal livelihoods : resources and development -- 10. Local and traditional knowledge : bridging with science -- 11. Social-ecological system-based management -- 12. An interdisciplinary science for the coast.

Issues of sustainability and increased competition over coastal resources are changing practices of resource management. Societal concerns about environmental degradation and loss of coastal resources have steadily increased, while other issues like food security, biodiversity, and climate change, have emerged. A full set of social, ecological and economic objectives to address these issues are recognized, but there is no agreement on how to implement them. This interdisciplinary and "big picture book"--Through a series of vivid case studies from environments throughout the world -- suggests how to achieve these new resource management principles in practical, accessible ways.--Provided by publisher