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Mass Violence in Nazi-Occupied Europe argues for a more comprehensive understanding of what constitutes Nazi violence and who was affected by this violence. The works gathered consider sexual violence, food depravation, and forced labor as aspects of Nazi aggression. Contributors focus in particular on the Holocaust, the persecution of the Sinti and Roma, the eradication of "useless eaters" (psychiatric patients and Soviet prisoners of war), and the crimes of the Wehrmacht. The collection concludes with a consideration of memorialization and a comparison of Soviet and Nazi mass crimes. While it has been over 70 years since the fall of the Nazi regime, the full extent of the ways violence was used against prisoners of war and civilians is only now coming to be fully understood. Mass Violence in Nazi-Occupied Europe provides new insight into the scale of the violence suffered and brings fresh urgency to the need for a deeper understanding of this horrific moment in history

Front Cover -- Half Title -- Title page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction: Understanding Nazi Mass Violence -- Part I. Holocaust -- 1. Hitler's Generals in the East and the Holocaust -- 2. Jews Sent into the Occupied Soviet Territories for Labor Deployment, 1942-1943 -- 3. Were the Jews of North Africa Included in the Practical Planning for the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question"? -- Part II. Sinti and Roma -- 4. "The Definitive Solution to the Gypsy Question": The Pan-European Genocide of the European Roma -- 5. Deadly Odyssey: East Prussian Sinti in Białystok, Brest-Litovsk and Auschwitz-Birkenau -- Part III. "Useless Eaters" -- 6. Soviet Prisoners of War in SS Concentration Camps: Current Knowledge and Research Desiderata -- 7. The Murder of Psychiatric Patients by the SS and the Wehrmacht in Poland and the Soviet Union, Especially in Mogilev, 1939-1945 -- Part IV. Wehrmacht -- 8. Reconceiving Criminality in the German Army on the Eastern Front, 1941-1942 -- 9. Bodily Conquest: Sexual Violence in the Nazi East -- Part V. Memorialization -- 10. The Holocaust in the Occupied USSR and Its Memorialization in Contemporary Russia -- 11. The Baltic Movement to Obfuscate the Holocaust -- Part VI. History as Comparison -- 12. Comparing Soviet and Nazi Mass Crimes -- Selected Bibliography -- Index -- Back Cover

Examines "Murambatsvina," the Zimbabwe government's attack on the informal trade & housing that began to mushroom in the cities in May of 2005. The police systematically destroyed the shacks & vendor stalls that were the livelihood of thousands of individuals who had lost their jobs due to Zimbabwe's failed economic structural adjustment program. United Nation statistics indicate that at least 700,000 people lost their homes & businesses within six weeks. Although the government claimed these places were illegal, the real reason for the attacks was the collapsed economy, the need to retain power in the face of failed policies, & growing support for the opposition party. It is argued that the "operation" was blatantly illegal & violated constitutional rights. It was initiated by a small group within the government who employed the language of genocide & blamed the victims. Responses by the victims, witnesses/bystanders, the Zimbabwean government, & the international community are described. Lessons to be learned from Murambatsvina & whether it constitutes a form of genocide are discussed. References. J. Lindroth

For some time scholars and policy observers alike have suggested that "artificial," or foreign-drawn borders, are in fact to blame for ethnic conflicts in postcolonial states. So far, however, there has been no empirical evidence to support this assertion. This dissertation's contributions are twofold. First, I provide the first empirical evidence linking foreign-drawn borders with ethnic civil war outbreak, one-sided government violence against civilians, and foreign military intervention. Second, the dissertation provides a refined theory of forced cohabitation as a framework for understanding the relationships between these seemingly unconnected correlations.

Conceptualizing Mass Violence draws attention to the conspicuous inability to inhibit mass violence in myriads forms and considers the plausible reasons for doing so. Focusing on a postcolonial perspective, the volume seeks to popularize and institutionalize the study of mass violence in South Asia.The essays explore and deliberate upon the varied aspects of mass violence, namely revisionism, reconstruction, atrocities, trauma, memorialization and literature, the need for Holocaust education, and the criticality of dialogue and reconciliation. The language, content, and characteristics of mass violence/genocide explicitly reinforce its aggressive, transmuting, and multifaceted character and the consequent necessity to understand the same in a nuanced manner. The book is an attempt to do so as it takes episodes of mass violence for case study from all inhabited continents, from the twentieth century to the present. The volume studies 'consciously enforced mass violence' through an interdisciplinary approach and suggests that dialogue aimed at reconciliation is perhaps the singular agency via which a solution could be achieved from mass violence in the global context.The volume is essential reading for postgraduate students and scholars from the interdisciplinary fields of Holocaust and Genocide Studies, History, Political Science, Sociology, World History, Human Rights, and Global Studies

In Asia the "Age of Extremes" witnessed many forms of mass violence and genocide, related to the rise and fall of the Japanese Empire, the proxy wars of the Cold War, and the anti-colonial nation building processes that often led to new conflicts and civil wars. The present volume is considered an introductory reader that deals with different forms of mass violence and genocide in Asia, discusses the perspectives of victims and perpetrators alike.

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This book outlines for the first time in a single volume the theoretical and methodological tools for a study of human remains resulting from episodes of mass violence and genocide. Despite the highly innovative and contemporary research into both mass violence and the body, the most significant consequence of conflict - the corpse - remains absent from the scope of existing research.Why have human remains hitherto remained absent from our investigation, and how do historians, anthropologists and legal scholars, including specialists in criminology and political science, confront these difficult issues? By drawing on international case studies including genocides in Rwanda, the Khmer Rouge, Argentina, Russia and the context of post-World War II Europe, this ground-breaking edited collection opens new avenues of research.Multidisciplinary in scope, this volume will appeal to readers interested in an understanding of mass violence's aftermath, including researchers in history, anthropology, sociology, law, politics and modern warfare.The research program leading to this publication has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement n° 283-617

This book outlines for the first time in a single volume the theoretical and methodological tools for a study of human remains resulting from episodes of mass violence and genocide. Despite the highly innovative and contemporary research into both mass violence and the body, the most significant consequence of conflict - the corpse - remains absent from the scope of existing research. Why have human remains hitherto remained absent from our investigation, and how do historians, anthropologists and legal scholars, including specialists in criminology and political science, confront these difficult issues? By drawing on international case studies including genocides in Rwanda, the Khmer Rouge, Argentina, Russia and the context of post-World War II Europe, this ground-breaking edited collection opens new avenues of research. Multidisciplinary in scope, this volume will appeal to readers interested in an understanding of mass violence's aftermath