Suchergebnisse

The present article studies the early notes by Andrej Belyj (1899). The
manuscript was partially published by A.V. Lavrov; however, fragments, which
contained mathematical formulae and equations used by Andrey Belyj to prove his
ideas, were omitted. Young Boris Bugaev was under a strong infl uence of his father,
professor N.V. Bugaev, whose theory of 'arhythmology', that combined maths, logic
and philosophy, resonated not only with the world of science, but also with the
Russian culture of the early 20th century. Among Bugaev's followers was P. Florenskij,
who developed professor's idea in his thesis On the Peculiarities of Flat Curves as
Places of Interrupted Discontinuity (1904). Lena Szilard points out that there is a
strong connection between Andrej Belyj's literary articles and P. Florenskij's works
on maths. Relevance of the published material is supported by continued interest of
researchers to both the 'Andej Belyj and Pavel Florenskij' issue and works by V. Khlebnikov, whose 'zaum' also has strong links to maths. The extract from Anrej Belyj's
notes is preceded by a brief introduction, which reviews papers on B. Bugaev's diaries
for the year 1899 and summarizes L. Szilard's articles comparing Andrej Belyj's
literary works, P. Florenskij's philosophy and V. Khlebnikov's 'zaum'. The published
notes contain B. Bugaev's argument on lyric and epic explanations of the essence
of things in art and his idea that the two approaches are connected with subjective
and objective methods respectively. Andrej Belyj proves that the predominance
of emotions in a literary work cannot be used as a criterion for attributing it to 'lyric' and 'subjective' and shows how the value of an artistic work can be assessed using
mathematical equations.

The author teaches mathematical and economic-mathematical disciplines, such as "Linear Algebra", "Mathematical Analysis", "Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics", "Modeling", "Econometrics", "Economic and mathematical methods and applied models", "Assessment and risk Management "and others for over 30 years. Experience of teaching in high school, work in selection committees in math and physics gives grounds to assert that the average level of schooling of entrants falls from year to year.

The debating society "Makarov's tea party" chaired by the academician V.L. Makarov met on the 18th April 2019 in the Central Economic Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in order to discuss the interrelationship between ideology and science. The society raised such issues as opposition and interpenetration of science and ideology; ideology and the genetic code of a nation; ideology and manipulation of conscience; numbers and facts as tools of ideological intervention. Here we present the most interesting points of the discussion. The authors of the reports: Makarov Valery, Doctor of Phys.-math., member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Dementiev Victor, Doctor of Economics, Corr. RAS; Grebennikov Valery, Doctor of Economics; Ustyuzhanina Elena, Doctor of Economics.

International audience ; This article is dedicated to two scientific works by Arthur Chervin: "L'Autriche et la Hongrie de demain" (1915) and "De Prague à l'Adriatique" (1919). They capture the attitude of French political elites towards national issues and fate of the Habsburg Monarchy during the First World War. The key statistical source that Chervin uses to build his analysis of the position of the Habsburg Monarchy peoples upon, is the census of population made in 1910. According to the census data, the majority of the Monarchy's population consisted of the Slavs. The author first shows that these data are crude due to the fact that national identity was recorded based on "spoken language" and not on ethnic background. Second, he discusses the French project of redrawing the map of Central Europe in the after-math of the war, particularly the intention to create the "Czech Corridor". In conclusion the author proves the difficul-ty of implementing French geopolitical plans and maintaining peace due to the mixture of peoples and cultures in this part of Europe occupied by the Habsburg Monarchy till the end of the First World War.

International audience ; This article is dedicated to two scientific works by Arthur Chervin: "L'Autriche et la Hongrie de demain" (1915) and "De Prague à l'Adriatique" (1919). They capture the attitude of French political elites towards national issues and fate of the Habsburg Monarchy during the First World War. The key statistical source that Chervin uses to build his analysis of the position of the Habsburg Monarchy peoples upon, is the census of population made in 1910. According to the census data, the majority of the Monarchy's population consisted of the Slavs. The author first shows that these data are crude due to the fact that national identity was recorded based on "spoken language" and not on ethnic background. Second, he discusses the French project of redrawing the map of Central Europe in the after-math of the war, particularly the intention to create the "Czech Corridor". In conclusion the author proves the difficul-ty of implementing French geopolitical plans and maintaining peace due to the mixture of peoples and cultures in this part of Europe occupied by the Habsburg Monarchy till the end of the First World War.

This article provides an overview of the main Internet-sites for scientiic vacancies. The scientiic labor market is analyzed on the basis of data from the internet portal "ученые-исследователи.рф". It is revealed that the distribution of vacancies on the portal in diferent areas of science is uneven, most of the vacancies posted on the site are SMET vacancies (Science, Math, Engineering and Technology), there are much fewer vacancies for scientists of the humanitarian proile. The geographical distribution of vacancies is also uneven (with Moscow and Moscow region leading by a large margin). The absolute majority of employers' organizations registered on the portal are government agencies, mostly organizations subordinate to FANO. Average salaries are extremely low, lower than average income by region. Abroad, journals like Science and Nature both have big Internetsites for scientiic vacancies. Placement of announcements about scientiic vacancies on these sites is a paid service. Science is more focused on the American market, while Nature is more international. In any case, both sites have a more extensive geographical coverage in comparison with the site "ученые-исследователи.рф". Moreover, a signiicant part of employers on these sites are private universities commercial enterprises. The average salary for vacancies posted on these sites is much higher than for vacancies on the site "ученые-исследователи.рф". It is concluded that if the government of the Russian Federation wants to use the internet portal "ученые-исследователи.рф" as a tool to boost academic mobility in Russia, increase in salary in Russian universities and institutes is necessary, as well as a real representation of these salaries in job descriptions on the website. ; For citation: Malahov VA. The science labor market in Russia and abroad (based on the largest science job portals). Science. Innovation. Education. 2018;4(30): 120–132.

In the process of learning at school a member of factors affect the child: the statistical load, the need to absorb a significant amount of diverse information, the visual analyzer voltage. Individually and collectively these factors can create development risks to student health abnormalities. Sanitary and hygienic assessment of school environment factors was held by us (the temperature, humidity, artificial and natural lighting) and the fourth grade timetable for the first term. In the course of the research we have established: the maximum training load was 26 hours. The greatest member of lessons a day was no more than5. The maximum load is on Wednesday – 29 points. The training load does not consistent during a day and a week. On Tuesday, Thursday and Friday English and math lessons, which ignore the phase of the physiological curve working capacity, were included. The education class size, the inferior decoration, the microclimate parameters, the school furniture size meet the requirements of SanPin 2.4.2.2821-10 «Sanitary epidemiological requirements for conditions and organization of training in general educational institutions». The classroom lighting does not consistent with the requirements of the sanitary legislation. ; В процессе обучения в школе на ребенка действует ряд факторов: статическая нагрузка, необходимость усвоения значительного объёма разнообразной информации, напряжение зрительного анализатора. Каждый по отдельности и все вместе эти факторы могут формировать риски для развития у учащихся отклонений в состоянии здоровья. Нами была проведена санитарно- гигиеническая оценка факторов школьной среды (температура, влажность, искусственное и естественное освещенность) и расписания 4-го класса за первую четверть. В ходе проведенного исследования установлено: максимальная недельная учебная нагрузка составила 26 часов. Наибольшее количество уроков в день – не более пяти. Максимальная нагрузка приходится на среду - 29 баллов. Учебная нагрузка не соответствует динамике работоспособности учащихся в течение дня и недели: вторник, четверг и пятница – поставлены уроки английского языка и математики, не учитывающие фазы физиологической кривой работоспособности. Размер учебного класса, внутренняя отделка, параметры микроклимата, размер школьной мебели - соответствуют требованиям СанПиН 2.4.2.2821-10«Санитарно-эпидемиологические требования к условиям и организации обучения в общеобразовательных учреждениях». Освещенность учебной комнаты не соответствует требованиям санитарного законодательства.

In the process of learning at school a member of factors affect the child: the statistical load, the need to absorb a significant amount of diverse information, the visual analyzer voltage. Individually and collectively these factors can create development risks to student health abnormalities. Sanitary and hygienic assessment of school environment factors was held by us (the temperature, humidity, artificial and natural lighting) and the fourth grade timetable for the first term. In the course of the research we have established: the maximum training load was 26 hours. The greatest member of lessons a day was no more than5. The maximum load is on Wednesday – 29 points. The training load does not consistent during a day and a week. On Tuesday, Thursday and Friday English and math lessons, which ignore the phase of the physiological curve working capacity, were included. The education class size, the inferior decoration, the microclimate parameters, the school furniture size meet the requirements of SanPin 2.4.2.2821-10 «Sanitary epidemiological requirements for conditions and organization of training in general educational institutions». The classroom lighting does not consistent with the requirements of the sanitary legislation. ; В процессе обучения в школе на ребенка действует ряд факторов: статическая нагрузка, необходимость усвоения значительного объёма разнообразной информации, напряжение зрительного анализатора. Каждый по отдельности и все вместе эти факторы могут формировать риски для развития у учащихся отклонений в состоянии здоровья. Нами была проведена санитарно- гигиеническая оценка факторов школьной среды (температура, влажность, искусственное и естественное освещенность) и расписания 4-го класса за первую четверть. В ходе проведенного исследования установлено: максимальная недельная учебная нагрузка составила 26 часов. Наибольшее количество уроков в день – не более пяти. Максимальная нагрузка приходится на среду - 29 баллов. Учебная нагрузка не соответствует динамике работоспособности учащихся в течение дня и недели: вторник, четверг и пятница – поставлены уроки английского языка и математики, не учитывающие фазы физиологической кривой работоспособности. Размер учебного класса, внутренняя отделка, параметры микроклимата, размер школьной мебели - соответствуют требованиям СанПиН 2.4.2.2821-10«Санитарно-эпидемиологические требования к условиям и организации обучения в общеобразовательных учреждениях». Освещенность учебной комнаты не соответствует требованиям санитарного законодательства.

This article points out that the process of modernizing the Russian Federation's education system is aimed at developing such a professional body of teachers that would be prepared to solve issues associated with improving the quality of education. Given such a situation, the need arises for finding effective means of developing the professional competencies of teachers. One direction for modernizing the education system would be a national system of advancement for teachers, which postulates the need for creating the right conditions for the formal and informal training of educators. Given the context, socio-professional teachers' unions turn out to be especially vital. The goal of this study was to identify how active participation in the practices of such organizations is connected to a young teacher's professional growth. The study was conducted in Orel Province. Members of the regional young math teachers' association were selected to be the object of research, with questionnaire survey used as the research method. The study focused on several aspects of teaching: professional difficulties faced by young educators, the mentorship system, an educator's value orientations, professional growth. The results of the study allowed for identifying three groups of educators, the first one being young teachers who do not actively participate in educational events. The second group included teachers who do not share their own methodical expertise, but partake in seminars and master classes. The third group consists of educators who publically share their experience and are prepared to think of new ideas for future events. The article shows that the Association's active participation in various events significantly affected the individual value orientations of trade professionals. Those educators who shared their publically work experience demonstrated a higher degree of professional aptitude in performing their jobs within the national system of teachers' training. ctive efforts as members of the Association helped young educators quickly adapt within their professional community and establish firm social connections with their colleagues. The authors suggest the need for developing a system of mentorship in educational institutions, which would utilize resources provided by socio-professional teachers' unions.

Актуальность исследования обусловлена широким применением геологического моделирования как метода изучения залежей нефти и газа. В настоящее время согласно методическим указаниям все проектные документы на разработку нефтегазовых месторождений должны выполнятся на трехмерных геолого-технологических моделях. Цель: определить основные этапы развития метода геологического моделирования и рассмотреть основные программные пакеты для геологического моделирования с целью установления их основных преимуществ и недостатков. Объекты: геологическое моделирование как метод изучения месторождений в нефтегазовой геологии. Методы: компиляция опубликованной литературы и интернет источников по теме истории методов геологического моделирования и программных пакетов геологического моделирования. Результаты. Определены, впервые скомпилированы в единую работу и описаны основные этапы развития геологического моделирования как метода исследования нефтегазовой геологии. Первый этап в становлении геологического моделирования - заложение предпосылок его возникновения, которые заключались в осознании необходимости использования математического аппарата для описания природных геологических систем. Следующий этап, в ходе которого появилась новая наука - математическая геология - и её отрасль, называемая геостатистикой, пришелся на 1950-1970-е гг. К концу 1970-х гг. геостатистика добилась значительных успехов и был разработан математический аппарат для анализа и моделирования свойств в двумерном представлении. В 1980-х гг. появилось собственно трехмерное геологическое моделирование и активно развивались методы построения моделей и их использования для решения производственных задач. Основные исследовательские работы, касающиеся геологического моделирования, в этот период проводились в трех центрах геостатистики - в Стенфордском университете, в Парижском институте нефти и в Норвегии, в компании «NorskHydro». Следующим этапом можно назвать появление и внедрение в массовое использование коммерческих пакетов для трехмерного моделирования, таких как «Irap RMS», «Petrel», «Stratamodel» и многих других. Этот этап охватывает 1990-е и 2000-е гг. К его окончанию были разработаны большинство современных методов геологического моделирования и заложился тренд на интеграцию в геомодели результатов гидродинамических, сейсмических, геомеханических, тектонических и др. методов изучения нефтегазовых пластов, флюидов и разработки месторождений. С 2018 г. в ПАО «НК «Роснефть» ведется разработка корпоративного пакета для геологического моделирования «РН-Геосим», в этом пакете учтены все преимущества других пакетов и последние тенденции в области геологического моделирования. ; The relevance of the research is caused by the widespread application of geology models to study oil and gas reservoirs. At present time, by the government regulations in Russia, all field development projects must be done with geology and simulation models. The main aim of the research is to study and describe evolution of 3D geomodeling as a main method of oil and gas geology. Commonly used geology modeling packages history and features were revealed in order to determine industry interests and trends, advantages and drawbacks of existing software. Object of the research is 3D geology modeling as a method to study oil and gas reservoirs. Methods: study and compilation of the published papers and internet sources on the topic of geology modeling and appropriate software evolution. Results. The paper describes the main steps of 3D geology modeling evolution and the existing software for geology models creation. There are four stages of geology modeling history. First stage is related to recognition of importance of math modeling to describe geology systems. The second stage took part in 1950-1970-s and lay occurrence of such branch of science as mathematical geology and its branch - geostatistics. In early 1980-s first 3D reservoir models were created and used for oil and gas pools study. It inferred active development of geomodeling and occurrence of first software to reservoir modeling in 1980-s. In early 1990-s geology modeling started to enter industry and many geologists used it to study and evaluate oil and gas reservoirs. During 1990-s and 2000-s most of commonly used gemodeling methods and procedures were developed. At present time there is a trend in geomodeling to integrade all geoscience data into one project which should include geology, seismic, simulation, geomechanics and other aspects of reservoir study. Since 2018 the corporate software for geology modeling is created in Rosneft oil company. All determined advantages and new methods are integrated or going to be integrated into new geomodeling package «RN-Geosim».