Suchergebnisse

The authors present a brief history of independent Kazakhstan and the development of the means of mass information there. At the beginning of December 2010, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe summit took place in Astana. Kazakhstan had chaired the OSCE for a year, enjoying an opportunity to present itself as an ambitious and active player on the international arena. Despite the lack of measurable results, both the Astana summit and the chairing of the organization, which required considerable organizational efforts, turned out to be a test which the entire state apparatus successfully passed and a significant stimulus for its development. That Kazakhstan has been successful also with respect to the development of the media, at least as far as possible, can be proven by the organization of the 9th Media Forum in April 2010, which attracted approximately 450 representatives from around the globe. The Kazakh government pays particular attention to the development of the information infrastructure, which provides a guarantee that the country will participate in the global information space as a full member. ; The authors present a brief history of independent Kazakhstan and the development of the means of mass information there. At the beginning of December 2010, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe summit took place in Astana. Kazakhstan had chaired the OSCE for a year, enjoying an opportunity to present itself as an ambitious and active player on the international arena. Despite the lack of measurable results, both the Astana summit and the chairing of the organization, which required considerable organizational efforts, turned out to be a test which the entire state apparatus successfully passed and a significant stimulus for its development. That Kazakhstan has been successful also with respect to the development of the media, at least as far as possible, can be proven by the organization of the 9th Media Forum in April 2010, which attracted approximately 450 representatives from around the globe. The Kazakh government pays particular attention to the development of the information infrastructure, which provides a guarantee that the country will participate in the global information space as a full member.

В статье исследуются партворки - серийные коллекционные издания научно-популярного или развлекательного характера. В конце ХХ века они оформились как самостоятельный сегмент мировой системы медиа, пользуются широкой популярностью читательской аудитории, но недостаточно исследованы в лингвистическом отношении. ; The paper deals with partworks, i.e. popular scientific or entertaining collectable serial magazines. At the end of the 20th century, they became an independent segment of the global media and gained in popularity, but they have never been in the focus of linguists' attention. Partworks' typological classification of E.N. Iliina and Y.N. Dracheva includes technical partworks as a publication of a closed collection type with the precedent focus on a technical item (e.g. a car, a ship, an airplane) and the main activity of a model construction type described by A.P. Iliin. Technical partworks' content is characterized as a polycode text, which combines various kinds of visual signs (e.g. inscriptions, drawings, diagrams, illustrations, and photographs) with tactile signs (e.g. model details, materials, and instruments). The linguistic basis of partworks is a "profane" unoriginal text of unidentified authorship, in which various aspects of human knowledge are adopted for the perception of a mass audience. Partworks' texts have such distinctive features as a simplified, schematic, superficial, and biased presentation of main themes, a very liberated use of the original texts as a precedent textual basis of partworks (e.g. research on the history of technology, technical manuals on assembling and operating mechanisms), and an expressive language of verbal illustrations. At the same time, partworks' texts have a didactic potential, because they involve readers in technology, develop technical thinking and professional erudition, and contribute to the formation of patriotism. In the paper, Dvenadtsat' Apostolov partwork (DeAgostini, 2013) is described in detail. This collection constists of 120 issues and it is aimed to build a model of one of the largest sailing ships (1841). The partwork texts create the image of the European military history, and have a manipulative impact in treating the wooden model of a Russian sailboat as a collectable object.

Introduction: The article represents the author's interpretation of the actor composition of implementing information policy in modern Russia. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the main conditions of interaction between state and non-state structures of the Russian Federation in the process of determining priorities and strategies for ensuring information security in Russia. The problem of this research is actualized by increasing dependence of the mass communication domestic system on modern global geopolitical threats and foreign policy challenges. Russia and Russian society need a set of effective tools and methods to ensure the security and stability of the mass communication system. Methodology and methods: The main methodology of this study is the principles of the communicative approach (N. Wiener, C. Deutsch). Besides, the ideas about the technological core of political communication find their scientific and practical application (S.V. Volodenkov, M. Castells, S.V. Schwarzenberg). The analysis of the combination of public political communication and the processes of administrative-state management is based on the conclusions, which are contained in the articles of G. Lassuela and O.F. Shabrov. The empirical basis of the research is the public opinion polls of "Levada Center". Analysis: The modern world is increasingly differentiated by the degree of information richness: the more the country is informationally open, the faster the production of new ideas, their inclusion in political decisions. The modern process of political communication has shifted to greater interactivity. Information policy, political regulation of the mass communication system becomes the leading sphere of management activities of state and non-state structures. Discussion: The indicative model development of politicalcommunicative interaction of information policy actors in the Russian Federation is hampered by a number of problems. Some of them are associated with established practices of political administration by state institutions of information processes. Other problems come from the unwillingness of civil structures to carry out the functions of public political management in the field of information security. The result is a decline in public confidence in political information and the Russian media. Results: The author proposes the main forms of coordinated interaction of state and non-state actors in the field of information regulation, ensuring the information security of the Russian Federation. The researcher substantiates the idea of the relationship of the mass communication system development with the formation of information and communication competencies of the Russian Federation population.

In Making Martyrs: The Language of Sacrifice in Russian Culture from Stalin to Putin, Yuliya Minkova examines the language of canonization and vilification in Soviet and post-Soviet media, official literature, and popular culture. She argues that early Soviet narratives constructed stories of national heroes and villains alike as examples of uncovering a person's "true self." The official culture used such stories to encourage heroic self-fashioningamong Soviet youth and as a means of self-policing and censure. Later Soviet narratives maintained this sacrificial imagery in order to assert the continued hold of Soviet ideology on society, while post-Soviet discourses of victimhood appeal to nationalist nostalgia. Sacrificial mythology continues to maintain a persistent hold in contemporary culture, as evidenced most recently by the Russian intelligentsia's fascination with the former oligarch Mikhail Khodorkovsky, the Russian media coverage of the war in Ukraine, laws against US adoption of Russian children and against the alleged propaganda of homosexuality aimed at minors, renewed national pride in wartime heroes, and the current usage of the words "sacred victim" in public discourse. In examining these various cases, the book traces the trajectory of sacrificial language from individual identity construction to its later function of lending personality and authority to the Soviet and post-Soviet state.

The objective of the current article is to study the problems of the historical past based on theactivity of agitational units and Mass Media of the Rostov oblast. Addressing the military history ofthe nations living on the territory of the whole Soviet Union became the main component for moldingRostov oblast citizens' and Red Army soldiers' consciousness. The Great Patriotic War definedfurther understanding of military activities of famous historic figures such as A. Nevsky, D. Donskoy,A. Suvorov, M. Kutuzov, etc. Mass Media promoted past battle experience with foreign invaderspropaganda among wide ranges of the soviet people ; Рассмотрение вопросов исторического прошлого в контексте деятельности агитационно-пропагандистских органов и средств массовой информации Ростовской области. Обращение квоенной истории народов, населяющих территорию всего Советского Союза, стало важнейшейсоставляющей деятельности по формированию массового сознания жителей Ростовской областии бойцов Красной Армии. Великая Отечественная война определила дальнейшее осмыслениевоенной деятельности таких известных исторических личностей, как А. Невский, Д. Донской,А. Суворов, М. Кутузов, и т. д. Средства массовой информации способствовали пропаганде опы-та прошлой борьбы с иноземными захватчиками среди широких кругов советских людей.

The authors examine the history of the development of the children's and youth movement in Russia in connection with the development of the domestic children's periodicals, which were an upbringing factor, forming the values of the movement's participants.The prototype of the first children's and youth organisations was the scout movement, which appeared in the UK in the early twentieth century. R. Baden-Powell's ideas found followers in Russia. The main distinguishing feature of the Russian scouting was the military and patriotic orientation. Analysing the situation of the rapid spread of the Scout movement in Russia, the authors come to the conclusion that this was made possible by the creation of an effective model of functioning of scouting media. Based on a study of prerevolutionary domestic media for children and young people, the authors argue that the pioneer media that were created in the early years of the Soviet period were organised and functioned in the same mode, only with a different ideological content. In the meantime, the patriotic education of the young generation remained the dominant vector in the new political system of coordinates.The next stage was the activities of the media during the "pre-pioneer period", the functioning of the Pioneer Organisation in the life of children in the USSR (the 1920s–1980s). The stage is characterised by joint activities with Komsomol organisations on combating homelessness, eliminating illiteracy in the 1920s–1930s, the preparation of youth for service in the Soviet army, etc. New forms of organising children and youth (volunteering and voluntarism) have got their media as well.The continuity of traditions and principles of patriotic and moral education, respect for the child's personality in the pre-Soviet and Soviet period of the development of our country is evident. The impact that the system of domestic media had on children in the USSR is unprecedented in terms of the scale of goals and objectives, the mass coverage and involvement of the younger generation in voluntary social movements. ; Авторы рассматривают историю развития детско-юношеского общественного движения в России во взаимосвязи с развитием отечественной детской периодики, которая выступала фактором воспитания, формирования ценностей участников движений.Прообразом первых детско-юношеских общественных организаций стало скаутское движение, появившееся в Великобритании в начале ХХ в. Идеи Р. Баден-Пауэлла нашли последователей и в России. Главной отличительной чертой российского скаутинга явилась военно-патриотическая направленность. Анализируя ситуацию быстрого распространения скаутского движения в России, авторы приходят к выводу, что это стало возможным благодаря созданию эффективной модели функционирования скаутских СМИ. На основании исследования дореволюционных отечественных средств массовой информации для детей и юношества авторы доказывают, что пионерские СМИ, созданные в первые годы советской власти, были организованы и функционировали по той же модели, только с другой идеологической наполненностью. При этом доминирующим вектором и в новой политической системе координат осталось патриотическое воспитание молодого поколения.Следующим этапом стала деятельность СМИ «допионерского периода», система функционирования пионерской организации в жизни детей в СССР (1920–1980-е годы.). Этап отличался совместной деятельностью с комсомольскими организациями в борьбе с беспризорничеством, ликвидацией неграмотности в 1920–1930-е годы, в подготовке юношества к службе в Советской армии и т. д. Новые формы организации детей и молодежи (добровольчество и волонтерство) также имеют свои СМИ.Очевидна преемственность традиций и принципов патриотического, нравственного воспитания, уважения к личности ребенка в досоветский и советский период развития нашей страны. Воздействие системы отечественных СМИ для детей в СССР беспрецедентно по масштабу целей и задач, по массовому охвату и вовлечению молодого поколения в добровольные общественные движения.

Предметом данной статьи выступают сообщения трех белорусских СМИ – «СБ», «Комсомольской правды в Белоруссии» и «экономической газеты», – опубликованные в 2013 г. и касающиеся Китая. Проанализированы сами материалы, их тональность и размещение под определенной рубрикой. Белорусские СМИ в основном сообщают о Китае политические и экономические новости и мало публикуют информации социального характера, поэтому формируют имидж Китая как страны, с одной стороны, с быстроразвивающейся экономикой, а с другой – имеющей множество проблем. На взгляд автора, основные факторы, влияющие на формирование в белорусских массмедиа имиджа КНР, следующие: во-первых, при выборе сообщения СМИ стремятся угодить вкусам аудитории и поэтому чрезмерно увеличивают конфликтность текста; во-вторых, рассматривают все новости сквозь призму интересов своей страны, своей нации и самих СМИ; в-третьих, культурные и языковые различия между двумя странами затрудняют понимание белорусскими журналистами многих проблем и явлений Китая; в-четвертых, Беларусь и Китай имеют различные интерпретации демократии и свободы, а также разные идеологические ценности. = The subject of this article appears research posts Belarusian media, published in 2013 and concerning China. In the three media – «SB», «Komsomolskaya Pravda in Belarus» and «Economic Newspaper». The purpose of this study is to analyze all material relating to China, at the same time studied the message itself, its tone and placement under a specific heading. Belarusian media reported mainly political and economic news about China and very little published information of a social nature, so form the image of China as a country with one hand, with growing economies, and on the other – having a plurality problem. According to the author's opinion, the factors influencing the formation of China's image in the media have Belarusian following: first, the choice of media reports tend to cater to the tastes of the audience, reports excessive increases «conflict» news, and secondly, the media of any country forming the image of other countries, the main factor is the maintenance of their interests country, the nation and the media themselves, and thirdly, the history and differences of culture and language affect the understanding of these issues and many journalists phenomena in China, they often simply do not understand the situation from the standpoint of the Chinese, and fourthly, Belarus and China have different interpretations of «democracy» and «freedom», as well as different ideological values.

The authors present a brief history of independent Kazakhstan and the development of the means of mass information there. At the beginning of December 2010, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe summit took place in Astana. Kazakhstan had chaired the OSCE for a year, enjoying an opportunity to present itself as an ambitious and active player on the international arena. Despite the lack of measurable results, both the Astana summit and the chairing of the organization, which required considerable organizational efforts, turned out to be a test which the entire state apparatus successfully passed and a significant stimulus for its development. That Kazakhstan has been successful also with respect to the development of the media, at least as far as possible, can be proven by the organization of the 9th Media Forum in April 2010, which attracted approximately 450 representatives from around the globe. The Kazakh government pays particular attention to the development of the information infrastructure, which provides a guarantee that the country will participate in the global information space as a full member.

В рецензии анализируются воспоминания первого губернатора Самарской области в новейшей истории России Константина Алексеевича Титова. Экс-губернатор зафиксировал важнейшие события своей политической карьеры, представил личностные характеристики государственных деятелей периода 1990-х и начала 2000-х гг. В результате исследования установлено, что в воспоминаниях К.А. Титова представлены взаимоотношения самарского губернатора с государственными деятелями и представителями политической элиты Российской Федерации и фрагментарно освещается его деятельность в качестве регионального руководителя одного из крупнейших регионов Российской Федерации. ; The review analyzes the memoirs of the first governor of the Samara region in the modern history of Russia Konstantin Alekseevich Titov. The ex-governor recorded the most important events of his political career, presented the personal characteristics of statesmen of the period of the 1990-s and early 2000-s. As a result of the study, it was found that in the memoirs of K.A.Titov, the relationship of the Samara governor with statesmen and representatives of the political elite of the Russian Federation is presented and fragmented his activities as a regional head of one of the largest regions of the Russian Federation.

Modern Russian political science has been actively researching identification processes at all levels in society in recent years. In this regard, understanding of the dynamics, specifics and content of the identity of national journalism seems to be relevant. In essence, identity in the field of mass media and mass communication remains outside the field of scientific interests of researchers. The article focuses on the interdependence of journalism identity and political identity, political and information space.

Journalism as a social institution, the institution of mass media is the most important component in the structure of the political system of society. This dictates the need and relevance of the study of various aspects of the identity of Russian national (state) journalism, its identification factors. Journalism is a sphere of public activity (openness, transparency, publicity), the ability to freely receive and distribute information addressed to a mass audience.

The factor of open information boundaries, wide and close interaction of the media requires real integration within the framework of all-European and world information systems. Consistently implementing the constitutional principles of freedom of information, Russian journalism must clearly identify and defend its identity in the global information space.

In information interaction and counteraction, the problem of the identity of journalism, which closely interacts with political and ethnic identities, is quite acute.

In the research field of identity within the framework of domestic political science, identity in the field of information and journalism remains poorly studied.

The problems of political science in the field of identity research are equally becoming the focus of attention of philosophy, sociology, history and psychology. Certain aspects of the identity of information and journalism can be found in interdisciplinary research, the achievements of various social sciences and humanities.

Цель. Статья посвящена развитию системы образования и просвещения в России в условиях перехода к новой системе социально-­экономических отношений (НЭП). Предметом анализа выступает реализация государственной образовательной политики на территории города Красноярска Енисейской губернии в период с 1921 по 1926 годы. Авторы статьи ставят целью охарактеризовать особенности развития системы просвещения на материалах региональной прессы и нормативно-правовых актов указанного периода.Методология проведения работы. Основу источниковой базы исследования составила региональная пресса – газета «Красноярский рабочий», изданная в г. Красноярске в период 1921–1926 гг. Методологическую основу исследования составили традиционные для исследований подобного рода принципы историзма и объективности.Результаты. Материалы данного периодического печатного издания имели очевидную социальную нацеленность публикуемых материалов: кроме публичного освещения проблем образования и просвещения, законодательных инициатив органов центральной власти, деятельности местных органов власти, ключевой целью подобных публикаций явилось привлечение общественного и государственного внимания к актуализровавшимся проблемам социокультурной сферы, в части организации работы с детьми и молодежью, решения «женского вопроса» и повседневной жизни жителей города, также роли педагогов в социокультурной динамике городского сообщества.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены на занятиях в высших учебных заведениях по таким дисциплинам, как Отечественная история, краеведение, история педагогики и др. ; Development of educational system in NEP Russia has been at the core of attention recently. The findings of this study seek to contribute to a more complete understanding of the processes at work during NEP from the regional perspective of Siberia during the period 1921–1926. Using publications of the local newspaper "Krasnoyarsk Worker" and legal sources, authors offer new insights into several largely uncharted features of the system in these years.Methodology. The sources the authors have primarily relied upon are local newspaper publications of "Krasnoyarsk Worker" during the period 1921–1926. The authors have applied historical, objective and broadly chronological approaches.Results. The authors have concluded that the textual evidence presented in the local newspaper "Krasnoyarsk Worker" were socially oriented. The publications were aimed to encourage governmental and public support of the urgent problems of social and cultural spheres.Scope and Application. The "Development of Educational System in Krasnoyarsk Based on Textual Evidence of "Krasnoyarsk Worker" Newspaper (1921–1926)" could be read by specialists and students of Russian history, regional studies, history of education, with special reference to the economic and social history and regional policy under the NEP.

The results of this study are based on the reflection, which takes as its object the phenomena of exclusion and re-actualization, connected with the historical process of restoration of identification self-respect. «The European and world scenario» has been radically changed after the World War II. The gap in the Italian culture identification code has been eliminated through the adoption of the informational potential of new media discourse. After its identity as a potential political superpower failed, Italy revived in the media discourse as a «fashion»superpower, as an unobtainable object of desire. Notwithstanding apparent heterogeneity of goals, Italy indeed rapidly created a «cultural moment» (Antonio Gramsci), which has allowed Italian patterns to step outside the national borders and to overcome its cultural exclusion. Since then, for more than five decades, these patterns have been developing Italian symbolic capital, constructing new mythology, and influencing collective memory. The authors drive attention to three aspects of this process: the role of fashion for Italy in the processes of identification re-inclusion; the power of corporeality in the philosophy of everyday life; the embodiment or exclusion of tradition in the social and cultural sphere. ; Результаты представленного исследования основываются на рефлексии, которая имеет в качестве объекта изучения явления отчуждения и ре-актуализации, связанные с историческим процессом восстановления идентификационного самоуважения. После второй мировой войны кардинальной изменился «европейский и мировой сценарий». Разрыв в идентификационном коде итальянской культуры устранялся посредством освоения информационного потенциала дискурса новых медиа. После краха идентификации как потенциальной сверхдержавы на уровне политического дискурса, страна возродилась в дискурсе медиа как сверхдержава «моды», как недосягаемый объект желания. Фактически Италия создала при внешней разнородности целей и в кратчайшие сроки такой «культурный момент» (А. Грамши), при котором итальянские паттерны вышли за пределы нации, превозмогли ее культурное отчуждение и с тех пор, более полувека, работают на ее символический капитал, конструируя новую мифологию и влияя на коллективную память. Авторы фокусируются на трех основных аспектах: роль моды на Италию в мире в процессах идентификационной ре-инклюзии, власть телесности в философии повседневности, воплощение или отчуждение традиции в социокультурном плане.

Introduction. "Crimea project" is unsuccessful attempts to create a Jewish national territorial autonomy on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula in 1920–1940s of the 20th century. The topic was poorly elaborated in historiography. In this regard, this topic frequently became the ground for historical myths and pseudo-scientific statements. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the "Crimea project" coverage in American media in 1920–1940s of the 20th century and to identify the patterns in topic presentations.

Methods. In this paper, we used such methods as analysis, synthesis, retrospective analysis, the historical genetic method, historical comparative, and the analysis of text. We selected The New York Times newspaper as the main source as it is one of the oldest, continuous and credible media reflecting liberal agenda.

Analysis. In the paper, we analyze articles devoted to "Crimea project" during 20–40s of the 20th century. This article examines about 30 articles devoted to the Jewish agrarization, the project of creating a Jewish national autonomy in Crimea, the anti-Semitism problem in the USSR. This publications are examined in the context of struggle between zionists and anti-zionists in the USA as well.

Results. Most articles focuse on the social aspect, namely agrarization. The political moments of "Crimea project" are addressed less frequently, mainly in the frame of the statements of Soviet officials on the possibility of creating a Jewish autonomy on the territory of the Steppe Ukraine and Northern Crimea. The paper pays attention to the authors' little knowledge on the real situation and mistakes in its coverage.