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Part One. Overview. Global perspectives on media literacy -- A Snapshot : the state of media literacy education in the United States -- Media literacy in the age of big data -- Four fundamental challenges in designing media literacy interventions -- Part Two. Media literacy, news, and propaganda. Focusing on facts : media and news literacy education in the age of misinformation -- Propaganda critic, Russian disinformation, and media literacy : a case study -- The imperative of Latino-oriented media and news literacy -- Blame attribution, warrants and critical thinking : South Africa's Overvaal debacle as a case study -- Media literacy and a typology of political deceptions -- Part Three. Media literacy and education. Media literacy and professional education : oil and water? -- News media literacy in the digital age : a measure of need and usefulness of a university curriculum in Egypt -- The MOOC for media literacy : examining media literacy practices in a massive open online course -- A model for media literacy across a lifespan : wisdom from pedagogical pilots -- Part Four. Media literacy and social action. Civic standpoint and the pursuit of media literacies -- The Colombian Freedom of Information Act : using media literacy to understand and implement the law -- The literacies of participatory cultures -- Civic engagement, social justice, and media literacy -- Critical media literacy and environmental justice.

Introduction: media power, media politics / Jeremy D. Mayer -- The presidency and the news media / Jeffrey Crouch and John Anthony Maltese -- The Congress and the news media / Mark J. Rozell and Richard J. Semiatin -- Interview: the Honorable Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (d-sd) -- Press coverage of the United States Supreme Court / Vincent James Strickler and Richard Davis -- Assignment: generational change in media consumption -- Civil rights and liberties: the gate keeping power of the media / Nina Therese Kasniunas -- Interview: Janet Terry, local news writer/producer -- Bureaucracy and the media / Jan Vermeer -- Assignment: media exposure survey -- A little knowledge is a dangerous thing: what we know about the role of the media in state politics / Tari Renner and G. Patrick Lynch -- Interview: Brenna Holmes, online political activist/consultant -- Political parties and the media / C. Danielle Vinson -- Presidential elections and the media / Mary E. Stuckey and Kristina E. Curry -- Interview: David Marks, politics editor of Politico.com -- The news media and organized interests in the United States / Ronald G. Shaiko -- Assignment: the political message of your favorite movie -- The media and public opinion / Stephen K. Medvic and David A. Dulio -- The new bully pulpit: global media and foreign policy / Maryann Cusimano Love -- Assignment: playing politics on social networks -- The central role of media and communication in terrorism and counterterrorism / Brigitte L. Nacos -- Interview: Ed Morrissey, political blogger -- The new media / Jeremy D. Mayer and Michael Cornfield

Media structures play an important role in explaining media performance. The research on media systems, institutions and organizations developed significantly over the last decade. This volume contains contributions that deal with media structures and their change, the influence of media structures on both media organizations and media content as well as the state of research field.

A media system does not exist in a vacuum. It develops and grows within social, political and economic systems. They interact with and influence one another, as well as stimulate each other's development. The main subject of this work is the dynamically evolving Polish media system, which is under the influence of institutions and external stakeholders. Thanks to this, it is easier to understand that the "crossroads" is not only a problem of the Polish media system, but a global one. For this reason, a comparative perspective is employed. Three chapters help to provide an answer to research questions dedicated to political parallelism and journalistic professionalization. The analysis would be limited and unrepresentative if the book enclosed it with one country's border, omitting the broad global, European and Centro-European context.

What is media literacy? -- Why are media important? -- How do search engines work? -- How do people get the news? -- What is the difference between advertising, public relations, and propaganda? -- Why are we attracted to characters and stories? -- Why do people prefer different kinds of music, movies, and TV shows? -- Who decides what makes media "good"? -- How do people decide who and what to trust? -- How do media companies make money? -- Is social media free? -- Why do people worry about stereotypes? -- Is my brother addicted to media? -- How do people become media literate?

European Mediaprovides a clear, concise account of the structures, dynamics and realities of the changing face of media in Europe. It offers a timely and illuminating appraisal of the issues surrounding the development of new media in Europe and explores debates about the role of the media in the formation of a European public sphere and a European identity. The book argues that Europe offers an ideal context for examining interactions between global, regional and national media processes and its individual chapters consider: the changing structure of the European media; the development of new media; the Europeanization of the media in the region; the challenges for the content; and audiences. Special emphasis is given to the transformation of political communication in Europe and the alleged emergence of a European public sphere and identity. European Media: Structures, Politics and Identityis an invaluable text for courses on media and international studies as well as courses dealing with European and national policy studies. It is also helpful to students, researchers and professionals in the media sector since it combines hard facts with theoretical insight.

One of the most prolific and respected scholars today, Manuel Castells has given us a new language for understanding the impact of information and communication technologies on social life.Politicians can no longer run for office without a digital media strategy, new communication technologies are a fundamental infrastructure for the economy, and the internet has become an invaluable tool for cultural production and consumption. Yet as more of our political, economic, and cultural interaction occurs over digital media, the ability to create and manipulate both content and networks

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- About this book -- Chapter 1 -- A Brief History of Social Media: Evolution and Impact -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Technologies That Connect -- Shifting to Social Media -- Impacts of Social Media -- Psychological Effects -- Communicative Effects -- Social Effects -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Social Network Analysis: Finding Meaning in Connections -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Getting Acquainted With Graphs -- Directed Networks -- Chord Diagrams -- A Final Word -- References -- Chapter 3 -- Using Social Media to Facilitate Student Engagement -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Social Media -- Integration -- Facilitating Student Engagement -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 4 -- How College Instructors Use Social Media for Instruction -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Methods -- Participants -- Instrument -- Results -- Social Media Selection -- Social Media and Gagne's Events of Instruction -- Gagne's Instructional Events -- 1) Gain Attention -- 2) Provide Learning Objectives -- 3) Stimulate Recall of Prior Knowledge -- 4) Present Stimulus -- 5) Providing Learning Guidance -- 6) Elicit Performance -- 7) Provide Feedback -- 8) Assess Performance -- 9) Enhance Retention and Transfer -- Concerns with Using Social Media -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 -- Using 3D Virtual Reality as a Form of Social Media -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Background -- Social Presence -- Methods -- Participants -- Research Design -- Instruments -- Procedure -- Methods of Data Analysis -- Results -- Quantitative Results -- Combined Results of Quantitative and Qualitative Data -- Jennifer -- Mary -- Yoko -- Keiko -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 -- Social Network Media: Designing the Learning Network -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Networks -- Small World Problem -- Social Networking