Suchergebnisse

Koordinirana suradnja između države, regionalne i lokalne vlasti, poduzetnika i obrazovnih i znanstvenih institucija temelj je razvoja konkurentnog gospodarstva. Mediji su moćni, medijima vlada profitna logika – informacija je postala roba. Sadržaji su sve više pod pritiskom komercijalizacije, što je velikim dijelom rezultat novih vlasničkih odnosa, interesa i utjecaja oglasne industrije. U gospodarskom razvoju poduzetništvo ima prioritetnu ulogu, tako da je od iznimne važnosti utjecaj medija na poduzetničke aktivnosti, posebno u stvaranju povoljne poduzetničke klime. Poduzetnici u Hrvatskoj imaju brojne probleme po pitanju opstanka i razvoja na ovim nemirnim i vrlo nesigurnim tržišnim prostorima i vremenima. Zbog toga se pred medije stavlja zahtjevan zadatak – zadržati dignitet i izbjeći senzacionalizam te aktivno sudjelovati u razvoju poduzetništva. Ispitivanje utjecaja medija na poduzetničke aktivnosti, kao i na općedruštveni razvoj nije jednostavno jer se radi o vrlo dinamičnoj gospodarskoj kategoriji koja vrlo brzo i jasno odražava sve promjene u uvjetima poslovanja i komuniciranja. ; A coordinated cooperation between state, regional and local governments, entrepreneurs and educational and scientific institutions is the basis for development of a competitive economy. The media are powerful and governed by profit - information has become a commodity. Covered subjects are under pressure of commercialization more than ever, which is the result of new ownership relations, interests and influence of advertising industry. Entrepreneurship has a leading role in economic development and the influence of the media on entrepreneurial activity is extremely important, particularly in creating a favourable business climate. Entrepreneurs in Croatia have numerous problems in terms of survival and progress in these turbulent and highly uncertain market spaces and times. Therefore, the media have a demanding task - to keep the dignity, avoid sensationalism and actively participate in the development of entrepreneurship. The study of the influence of the media on entrepreneurial activity, as well as on the general social development is not an easy task because it is a very dynamic economic category that quickly and clearly reflects all changes in business and communication conditions.

La recerca antropològica i etnogràfica dels mitjans de comunicació s'ha centrat en gran part en l'anàlisi de la recepció dels productes dels mitjans tradicionals (televisió, ràdio, premsa escrita i pel·lícules) i el consum relacionat amb l'apropiació domèstica de tecnologies (Rothenbuhler et al., 2005). També hi ha un ampli corpus de recerca dedicat a l'estudi de la dimensió política dels mitjans alternatius i indígenes (Ginsburg et al., 2002). Tanmateix, hi ha hagut una separació entre els estudis dels media i els estudis d'internet, i entre l'anàlisi de la recepció i les pràctiques d'autoproducció, com ara la fotografia familiar o el vídeo domèstic. Les pràctiques actuals en relació amb els mitjans digitals insten a reexaminar els continguts i els fluxos d'autoproducció amb una perspectiva més àmplia que difumina la frontera entre el que és públic i el que és privat, productes realitzats per corporacions i productes amateurs, producció domèstica i indústria cultural, activisme polític i vida quotidiana. ; Anthropological and ethnographic research on media have been largely focused on analyzing reception of media products (television, radio, press and film) and media consumption related to domestic appropriation of technologies (Rothenbuhler et al., 2005). There is also a wide body of research devoted to the study of the political dimension of alternative and indigenous media (Ginsburg, 2002). However, there has been a separation between media and internet studies, and between the analysis of media reception and practices of self-production, such as family photography or home video. Current digital media practices urge reexamination of self-produced content and media flows from a broader perspective that cuts across divisions between public and private, corporative media products and people's releases, home production and cultural industry, political activism and everyday life. ; La investigación antropológica y etnográfica de los media se ha centrado en gran parte en el análisis de la recepción de los productos de los medios tradicionales (televisión, radio, prensa escrita y películas) y el consumo relacionado con la apropiación doméstica de tecnologías (Rothenbuhler et al., 2005). También hay un amplio corpus de investigación dedicado al estudio de la dimensión política de los medios alternativos e indígenas (Ginsburg et al., 2002). Sin embargo, ha habido una separación entre los estudios de los media y los estudios de internet, y entre el análisis de la recepción y las prácticas de autoproducción, como la fotografía familiar o el vídeo doméstico. Las prácticas actuales relacionadas con los medios digitales instan a reexaminar los contenidos y los flujos de autoproducción con una perspectiva más amplia que difumina la frontera entre lo que es público y lo que es privado, productos realizados por corporaciones y productos amateurs, producción doméstica e industria cultural, activismo político y vida cotidiana.

La recerca antropològica i etnogràfica dels mitjans de comunicació s'ha centrat en gran part en l'anàlisi de la recepció dels productes dels mitjans tradicionals (televisió, ràdio, premsa escrita i pel·lícules) i el consum relacionat amb l'apropiació domèstica de tecnologies (Rothenbuhler et al., 2005). També hi ha un ampli corpus de recerca dedicat a l'estudi de la dimensió política dels mitjans alternatius i indígenes (Ginsburg et al., 2002). Tanmateix, hi ha hagut una separació entre els estudis dels media i els estudis d'internet, i entre l'anàlisi de la recepció i les pràctiques d'autoproducció, com ara la fotografia familiar o el vídeo domèstic. Les pràctiques actuals en relació amb els mitjans digitals insten a reexaminar els continguts i els fluxos d'autoproducció amb una perspectiva més àmplia que difumina la frontera entre el que és públic i el que és privat, productes realitzats per corporacions i productes amateurs, producció domèstica i indústria cultural, activisme polític i vida quotidiana. ; Anthropological and ethnographic research on media have been largely focused on analyzing reception of media products (television, radio, press and film) and media consumption related to domestic appropriation of technologies (Rothenbuhler et al., 2005). There is also a wide body of research devoted to the study of the political dimension of alternative and indigenous media (Ginsburg, 2002). However, there has been a separation between media and internet studies, and between the analysis of media reception and practices of self-production, such as family photography or home video. Current digital media practices urge reexamination of self-produced content and media flows from a broader perspective that cuts across divisions between public and private, corporative media products and people's releases, home production and cultural industry, political activism and everyday life. ; La investigación antropológica y etnográfica de los media se ha centrado en gran parte en el análisis de la recepción de los productos de los medios tradicionales (televisión, radio, prensa escrita y películas) y el consumo relacionado con la apropiación doméstica de tecnologías (Rothenbuhler et al., 2005). También hay un amplio corpus de investigación dedicado al estudio de la dimensión política de los medios alternativos e indígenas (Ginsburg et al., 2002). Sin embargo, ha habido una separación entre los estudios de los media y los estudios de internet, y entre el análisis de la recepción y las prácticas de autoproducción, como la fotografía familiar o el vídeo doméstico. Las prácticas actuales relacionadas con los medios digitales instan a reexaminar los contenidos y los flujos de autoproducción con una perspectiva más amplia que difumina la frontera entre lo que es público y lo que es privado, productos realizados por corporaciones y productos amateurs, producción doméstica e industria cultural, activismo político y vida cotidiana.

U ovome pristupu medijska kultura i medijski sadržaji posmatraju se diskurzivno. Medijska praksa posmatra se kao javno komuniciranje, a medijski diskurs kao njezin ishod. Jednako, novinarstvo se posmatra kao jedan od vodećih oblika medijske prakse, odnosno javnoga komuniciranja, a novinarski diskurs kao jedan od njezinih glavnih ishoda. Zato se u radu polazi od vijesti kao arhetipskoga oblika javnoga i medijskog diskursa te se nudi svojevrsni konstitutivni model, odnosno paradigma novinarstva. Tu paradigmu čine principi istinitosti i odgovornosti, kao i atributi triju grupa metateorijskih pitanja – odnosa prema stvarnosti, vjesnovrijednosti i jezika, odnosno komunikativnoga koda. Konstitutivni se model kasnije koristi za teorijsku dekonstrukciju triju najčešćih paradigmi medijskoga diskursa, kako novinarskoga, tako i onih u tržišnome komuniciranju, odnosno u oglašavanju i odnosima s javnošću, javne, političke i komercijalne. Atributi konstitutivne paradigme u istraživanjima mogu se operacionalizirati kao pokazatelji određene paradigme ili paradigme medijskoga diskursa, odnosno njihove hibridizacije. ; In this approach, media culture and media content are viewed discursively. Media practice is regarded as public communication and media discourse as its outcome. Likewise, journalism is considered as one of the main methods of media practice, or public communication, and journalistic discourse as one of its main outcomes. For this reason, the study starts with news as an archetype of public and media discourse and proposes a specific constitutive model or paradigm of journalism. The paradigm is comprised of the principles of truthfulness and responsibility, as well as the attributes of three groups of metatheoretical questions – the attitude to social reality, newsworthiness, and language or a communicational code. The constitutive model is further used for the deconstruction of three most common paradigms of media discourse, both in journalism and in market communication, i.e., in advertising and public relations: public, political and commercial. The attributes of the constitutive paradigm can be operationalized in research as indicators of certain paradigms or paradigms of media discourse, or of their hybridization.

Nacija predstavlja oblik političke organizacije povezan s modernosti. Nacionalne države su gradile standardne jezike i obrazovne sustave kako bi se formirala nacionalna identifikacije, budući da država teško može postojati bez nekog oblika kulturne bliskosti među svojim građanima. Bez zajedničkog identiteta, društvo je često podijeljeno i nedostaje mu solidarnosti. Europska unija je izgrađena na ekonomskim i političkim temeljima; no pokušava krivotvoriti osjećaj zajedničke pripadnosti i identiteta. Kao u slučaju nacionalne integracije, postoje dvije mogućnosti - europski identitet na temelju zajedničke kulture i europski identitet temeljen na zajedničkim političkim načelima. Prvi tip identiteta je teško krivotvoriti, s obzirom na europske kulturne i jezične raznolikosti. Drugi tip identiteta teško može biti osnova političke zajednice, a također se teško može postići zbog nepostojanja europskog medijskog prostora i zajedničkog javnog mnijenja. Stoga, autori ovog rada zaključuju da se Europska unija temelji na nestabilnim osnovama. ; Nation represents a form of political organization connected with modernity. National states had been building standard languages and educational systems in order to form national identification, since a state can hardly exist without some form of cultural closeness between its citizens. Without a common identity, a society is often divided and lacks solidarity. European Union was built on economical and political grounds; however it tries to forge a sense of common belonging and identity. As in the case of national integration, there are two possibilities – European identity based on the common culture, and European identity based on common political principles. The first type of identity is hard to forge, due to European cultural and linguistic diversity. The second type of identity can hardly form a basis of spolitical community, and also can hardly be achieved due to non-existence of European media space and common public opinion. Therefore, the authors of this paper conclude that European Union is based on unstable grounds.

Suvremeni mediji promijenili su današnji svijet u mnogim aspektima. Svijet je postao znatno manjim, a komunikacija je postala brza kao nikada do sada. Tradicionalne društvene veze i vrijednosti polako nestaju, a time i obiteljske vrijednosti koje su njegovane stoljećima. Uloge roditelja nisu iste kao i prije, a sve veći broj roditelja nailazi na mnoge prepreke uzrokovane medijskim djelovanjem i modernim načinom života. Odgojni stilovi često odlaze u krajnosti poput prevelike kontrole ili pak prevelikog popuštanja, a idealni tip odgoja, demokratsko-autoritativni, teško se postiže. Roditeljima je stoga nužna pomoć pri suzbijanju negativnih posljedica medija, a u tome im moraju pri ruci biti nastavnici i pedagozi. Cilj je rada pojasniti zašto je potrebno uvođenje medijskog odgoja i obrazovanjakako za djecutako i za roditelje.

Iako je sudbina neprofitnih medija u posljednje vrijeme vruća tema, ne znamo skoro ništa o publikama neprofitnih medija u Hrvatskoj ili o njihovom odnosu prema demokratskoj politici i političkim institucijama. Nakon rasprave o očekivanoj ulozi neprofitnih medija u demokraciji, u radu se empirijski istražuje opseg i karakter publika neprofitnih medija u Hrvatskoj te njihov politički interes, informiranje, povjerenje u medije, osjećaj političke djelotvornosti te politička participacija u odnosu na publike matičnih (mainstream) medija. Analiza je provedena na podacima prikupljenim anketnim istraživanjem na reprezentativnom uzorku korisnika interneta u Hrvatskoj (N=1208). Deskriptivna, regresijska i latentna klasna analiza pokazale su da četvrtina korisnika interneta u Hrvatskoj prati neprofitne medije i da publike neprofitnih medija imaju jači politički interes, osjećaj unutarnje političke djelotvornosti, informiranije su i više politički participiraju od publika matičnih medija. Publike neprofitnih i matičnih medija ne razlikuju se značajno u ukupnom korištenju medija, stupnju povjerenja u medijski sustav te u osjećaju vanjske djelotvornosti. Rezultati idu u prilog pozitivnom doprinosu neprofitnih medija demokratskom potencijalu medijskih publika, a daju naznake i o mogućem obliku polarizacije online medijskih publika. ; Although non-profit or third-sector media are recently a contentious and widely discussed issue in Croatia, there is hardly any knowledge about the audiences of non-profit media and their relationship towards democratic politics. Theoretical framing of the normative role of non-profit media in democracy preceeds the empirical analysis of its role for the audiences in Croatia. The size and characteristics of non-profit media audiences are described and these audiences are compared to mainstream media audiences in terms of political interest, political information consumption, trust in the media, political efficacy and political participation. Analysis is based on data gathered through survey of a representative sample of Internet users in Croatia (N=1208). Descriptive, regression, and latent class analysis showed that 26% of Internet users follow non-profit media and that non-profit media audiences in Croatia have higher political interest, political efficacy, inform themselves more and engage more in politics. Audiences of non-profit media do not differ significantly in overall media consumption and trust in the media in comparison with the mainstream media audiences. The results have implications about the democratic potential of third-sector media in Croatia, and provide insights into a possible shape of polarization of online audiences.