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Inclusive mediation involves a mediator whose neutrality is based on involvement with both sides of the dispute, and whose normative references are implicit; he or she is an insider. Exclusive mediation, on the other hand, involves a third party whose neutrality derives from his knowing neither disputant, and whose references to norms are explicit; an outsider, so to speak. The concepts of inclusive and exclusive mediation have been introduced by the anthropologist Carol Greenhouse in the 1980s. Inclusive mediation heavily relies on local knowledge and local ties, and its orientation can be labelled as horizontal. Basically, it fits small-scale societies, while exclusive mediation is more common in Europe and the United States. This article is about dispute settlement in an indigenous community in the Ecuadorian highlands, were I have encountered a unusual mixture of both forms: a local teniente político who applies inclusive as well as exclusive aspects of mediation at the same time.

Inclusive mediation involves a mediator whose neutrality is based on involvement with both sides of the dispute, and whose normative references are implicit; he or she is an insider. Exclusive mediation, on the other hand, involves a third party whose neutrality derives from his knowing neither disputant, and whose references to norms are explicit; an outsider, so to speak. The concepts of inclusive and exclusive mediation have been introduced by the anthropologist Carol Greenhouse in the 1980s. Inclusive mediation heavily relies on local knowledge and local ties, and its orientation can be labelled as horizontal. Basically, it fits small-scale societies, while exclusive mediation is more common in Europe and the United States. This article is about dispute settlement in an indigenous community in the Ecuadorian highlands, were I have encountered a unusual mixture of both forms: a local teniente político who applies inclusive as well as exclusive aspects of mediation at the same time.

In the twentieth century, production and consumption rapidly grew, accompanied by businessesa frantic search for new markets. Many new institutions, corporations, interest groups, research organizations, trade groups, shops, and laboratories were involved in the search. Twentieth-century European mass consumption did not exist; it had to be projected, represented, constructed, and produced. In other words, mass consumption involved sustained work on the part of producers and consumers. By applying the concepts of mediation and mediation junction this book shows how consumption and economic pro

The approaches of Jurgen Habermas & Jean-Francois Lyotard are compared with respect to issues in ethics & the philosophy of law. Though both consider language to be both the pivot of & the means to sociopolitical action & events, they differ in their diagnoses about the pathology of politics & society. Their opinions about language, law, morality, & the role of philosophy, politics, & science are compared, & sketched against the background of their general philosophy. While Habermas is a strong defender of the Enlightenment project & maintains that it is possible to apply philosophical ideas in the interest of democratization & the nonviolent settlement of conflicts, Lyotard's postmodern philosophy is more skeptical, asserting that no metadiscourse can exist in the social world that would allow real mediation & conflict settlement. The paradoxes in Lyotard's "language-ontology" philosophy, of which he is well aware, are explored. 6 References. Modified HA

"In 2009 ging e-Court van start, een particulier initiatief dat online rechtspraak aanbiedt in de vorm van arbitrage of bindend advies. Het instituut presenteert zich als een goedkope, snelle en eenvoudige manier om relatief gemakkelijke handelsgeschillen te beslechten. Bijna elke grote zorgverzekeraar heeft e-Court inmiddels in haar polisvoorwaarden opgenomen, en dat geldt ook voor enkele grote telefoonproviders en vele andere toonaangevende bedrijven. Alleen al in 2017 daagden zij twintigduizend mensen voor e-Court. Dit alternatief voor overheidsrechtspraak is echter niet onomstreden. Er zijn vragen over de manier waarop e-Court haar procedure heeft vormgegeven. Waarborgen voor consumenten zijn gebrekkig. De praktijk laat een groot aantal verstekzaken zien, er is sprake van de one shotter (consument) tegen de repeat player. E-Court is een goedkoop incasso-instrument voor grote organisaties geworden. In dit boek analyseert mr. Dorien Thiescheffer deze kritiek op grondige wijze. Zij vergelijkt e-Court met andere vormen van geschilbeslechting (arbitrage, bindend advies, mediation en de overheidsrechter)."--Back cover