Suchergebnisse

The article covers the popularization of the author's methodology of diagnostic analysis with regard to the problems of psychological and pedagigical diagnostics

The paper suggests a system of social and economic performance indicators of the development of entrepreneurship and on their basis of the given method allowing you to undertake a comparative assessment of business development at sub-national level.

The authors consider one of the aspects of the socio-cultural integration of migrants into the host society. The integration of migrants is interpreted by a wide range of scientists as the process of including newly arrived in various spheres of life of the host society. Usually, there are three to four such spheres. Access of migrants to housing in the host country is an important indicator of integration in the socio-economic sphere. As a rule, in Russian and foreign studies, access to housing is assessed through a comparative analysis of the living conditions of migrants and the host population. However, access to housing and housing conditions are not exactly the same thing. Rather, access implies the potential for housing. To assess such a possibility, an experimental method that allows the researcher to test various hypotheses and control the variables of interest is more suitable than a mass survey or available statistical data.

The article contributes to the methodology for studying migrants' access to housing in the host country. It proposes a new approach to its assessment and presents the first results of its approbation. In the course of the experiment carried out by the authors, the influence of the citizenship of potential tenants on access to high-quality and low-quality housing in Moscow was measured, as well as the willingness of landlords to register migrants on their property.

Significant differences in the access of migrants from different CIS countries to renting Moscow accommodation were revealed. The most loyal attitude is towards Belarusians and Ukrainians, the least preferable are immigrants from Central Asia, especially citizens of Tajikistan. In addition, it was found that all groups of migrants are seriously limited in their ability to obtain a valid migration registration due to the unwillingness of the owners of residential premises to fulfil their obligations to "register" foreign tenants. This obviously impedes their integration in the political and legal sphere of the host society, since a foreign citizen in the Russian Federation without a genuine document on migration registration, even with all other permits, is a person with an unregulated legal status.

The article states the necessity to improve the methodology of assessing the level of poverty, including the regional one. The analysis of poverty level in the Samara region is based on the absolute conception of establishment of a poverty line, structure of the regional consumer basket and energy value of food products constituting it. The structure of households consumer expenses is investigated. The authors offer to use an integrated indicator for poverty measuring covering monetary and not monetary one-aspect indicators. Along with indicators of income and expenses of the population the presented system of private indicators includes the characteristic of the labor market condition, access to education services, health care and housing. The methodology the poverty level assessment is tested on information arrays of Privolzhsky Federal District (PFD). The article provides typologization of subjects of PFD dependent on the level of poverty problem sharpness.

The thesis is devoted to studying the role of systemic contradictions in social development, the consideration of objective reasons and the conditions of their occurrence, the relationship of systemic contradictions with the processes of formation of social interests, as well as the construction of new theoretical and methodological principles of forecasting, analysis and resolution.

The article reveals the importance of teaching in non-medical higher education institutions "Basics of Valeology" as a new discipline that studies human health, as well as the problems of modernization of its methodology of the development of the project "ModeHed" of the international Program Erasmus + European Union.

Modernizing the social and economic systems of its constituent regions is one of the crucial development challenges in contemporary Russia. This article aims to provide a methodological foundation for studying what we can term a region's 'receptivity to modernization'. This concept, in its turn, will help provide a quantitative assessment of potential regulations of modernization in the social and economic systems of Russia's regions. We also describe how 'receptivity to modernization' correlates with the major categories of regional development.These categories include such components as those dealing with economy and technology, finances and investment, innovation, infrastructure, institutions, intellect, territory and organization, as well as related indicators. We have developed a methodology to assess a region's receptivity to modernization which includes the following four stages: selecting relevant indicators; assessing the category in question by each indicator separately and in correlation with other indicators; calculating the integrated value; interpreting the integrated value for each indicator in each region.The methodology allowed us to distinguish between several levels of receptivity to modernization (high, medium and low), and hence to classify Russia's constituent subjects into groups in accordance with the respective level of receptivity.We can thus speak about methodological foundations of regulating receptivity to modernization in Russia's regions. The dynamics of receptivity is correlated to macroeconomic indicators of respective regions, which we have proved empirically by applying correlative and regressive analysis to the data on social and economic processes in the regions within Siberian Federal District in the years 2010 and 2013.We suggest that to control the modernization of social and economic developments within a region, a special-purpose interagency body (office, committee, etc.) should be set up, and a modernization fund established and regulated by regional legislation. ; Модернизация социально-экономических систем регионов является одной из основных задач развития современной России. Целью исследования в статье является разработка методологических основ изучения модернизационной восприимчивости региона, формирование на основе ее количественной оценки направлений регулирования модернизации социально-экономических систем регионов. Определяются связи модернизационой восприимчивости с основными категориями развития региона.Выделены составляющие данной категории: экономико-технологическая, инвестиционно-финансовая, инновационная, инфраструктурная, институциональная, интеллектуальная и территориально-организационная и индикаторы, их характеризующие. Авторская методика оценки уровня модернизационной восприимчивости региона включает следующие четыре этапа: обоснование состава показателей; оценка уровня исследуемой категории по каждому показателю и группе показателей путем сопоставления с пороговыми значениями; расчет интегрального показателя; интерпретация интегральной оценки уровня полученных показателей по российским регионам.Выделены три уровня модернизационной восприимчивости регионов: высокий, средний и низкий. На этом основании предложена группировка субъектов РФ по модернизационной восприимчивости регионов.Автор обосновывает методологические основы управления модернизационной восприимчивостью регионов России. Динамика модернизационной восприимчивости регионов взаимосвязана с макроэкономическими показателями их развития. Это показано на расчетах с применением методов корреляционно-регрессионного анализа данных социально-экономических процессов в регионах Сибирского федерального округа в 2010 и 2013 гг.Для управления модернизацией социально-экономических процессов автор предлагает создание целевой межведомственной структуры (бюро, агентства, комитета) в регионе, формирование специализированного фонда развития модернизации с соответствующей нормативной базой.

The theory and methodology of history, as it was developed under the name of 'historics' by one of its leading theorists, 19th century German historian Johann Gustav Droysen, had a powerful impact on the rise history as a discipline in Russia. This article examines the basic concepts of Droysen's historics as a methodology of history.The theory advanced by Droysen had aggregated the intellectual achievements of several German schools of historical thought (those of Göttingen, Heidelberg and Berlin). The Prussian school's concept of history, which Droysen subscribed to, was found to be in tune with how the emergent Russian historical school viewed history. In the second half of the 19th and early 20th century, leading theorists of the Russian school, such as N. I. Kareev, V. O. Klyuchevsky, A. S. Lappo-Danilevsky, came up with their own reflections and elaborations on Droysen's ideas, founded upon a synthetic approach to the study of history. Introduction of scientific methodology into historical research was a key factor in the rise of history as a Wissenschaft. Droysen's historics brought together the most important concepts advanced by the German thinker: the choice of theory of historical knowledge and of history as a process as subjects in Droysen's psychological systematization of history; the correlation between objective and subjective knowledge; the evolutionary development of society; his critique of speculative philosophy of history and the subsequent development of empirical theory of history; and finally, Droysen's flat denial of the so-called 'рррlaws of history'. A special focus is made here on Droysen's methodology of history. His multi-level understanding of history was founded on a synthetic approach to the study of history as a process which ascends from local history to the perception of humanity as a whole. Droysen's theory involved the use of explanation, interpretation, comprehension, understanding, and a set of complex methods (comparative method, analogy, hypothesis, etc.). Multi-aspect character of this approach to history covers the economic, political, social, cultural, personal and other spheres of human activity. Its human dimension lies in the interest in the history of humanity as a moral history, in the focus on human personality, on the phenomenon of free will, and a correlation between pragmatic and cultural history. ; Теория и методология истории немецкого ученого XIX в. И. Г. Дройзена, одного из ведущих теоретиков истории, названная им «историкой», оказала существенное влияние на становление исторической науки в России. Целью данной статьи является осмысление основных концептов историки И. Дройзена как методологии истории.Историческая концепция Дройзена аккумулировала в себе интеллектуальные достижения немецких школ историков (гёттингенской, гейдельбергской, берлинской). Малогерманская (прусская) школа, к которой принадлежал Дройзен, определила научное направление в области истории, созвучное традиции русской исторической школы. Ведущие представители русской исторической школы второй половины XIX — начала ХХ в. (Н. И. Кареев, В. О. Ключевский, А. С. Лаппо-Данилевский и др.) занимались осмыслением и разработкой идей И. Г. Дройзена, основанных на синтетическом подходе к изучению истории. Ключевое значение для развития истории как науки имела разработка научных методов исследования исторического процесса.В историке Дройзена рассмотрены основные концепты немецкого мыслителя: выделение в качестве исследовательских предметов теории исторического знания, теории исторического процесса в дройзеновской систематике психологического направления соотношение объективного и субъективного знания, эволюционное развитие общества, неприятие спекулятивной философии истории, разработка исторической теории на основе эмпиризма, отрицание так называемых исторических законов.Особое значение придается освещению методологии истории Дройзена. Многоуровневое представление истории основано на синтетическом подходе в исследовании исторического процесса, восходящего от локальной истории к всемирно-исторической идее восприятия человечества как единого целого. Наукоучение Дройзена включает объяснение, интерпретацию, осмысление, понимание, использование комплекса методов (компаративный, аналогия, гипотеза и др.). Многоаспектный характер истории охватывает все области и сферы человеческой деятельности — экономическую, политическую, социальную, культурную, личную. Человеческое измерение истории выражается интересом к истории человечества как нравственной истории, вниманием к человеческой личности, осмыслением феномена свободы воли, соотношением прагматической истории и культурной истории.

The article is devoted to the history of the methodological foundations of the historyof state and law. Specific historical patterns of development of state and law havetheir specificity compared with the laws of social development for the state and lawoccupies a special position, and is relatively independent. Great importance for theanalysis of used historical and legal processes is played by a historical context in whichresearch is conducted. Political and ideological factors are decisive. However, the maintrend of recent years has been the denial of the ideological function of the state in connectionwith the denial of many progressive achievements of the Soviet science basedsolely on ideological principles. Therefore it is important to study the methodology ofhistory of state and law. ; Статья посвящена истории развития методологических оснований истории го-сударства и права. Конкретно-исторические закономерности развития государстваи права имеют свою специфику по сравнению с закономерностями развития обще-ства, ибо государство и право занимает в нем особое положение, обладает относи-тельной самостоятельностью. Огромное значение для применяемых в изучение ис-торико-правовых процессов играют исторические условия, в которых проводитсяисследование. Политические и идеологические факторы являются определяющими.Вместе с тем основной тенденцией последних лет стало отрицание идеологическойфункции государства с одновременным отрицанием многих прогрессивных дости-жений советской науки на основании исключительно идеологических установок.Именно поэтому важным представляется исследование методологии истории госу-дарства и права.

The thesis is devoted to studying the role of systemic contradictions in social development, the consideration of objective reasons and the conditions of their occurrence, the relationship of systemic contradictions with the processes of formation of social interests, as well as the construction of new theoretical and methodological principles of forecasting, analysis and resolution.

On the basis of the identified critical insufficiency of a widespread extrapolation approach to the development strategy of the Russian city we synthesize a stepwise process of long-term economic development of the city through changing technological bases, represented as a chain of successive steps of the main strategic decision makers. The resulting trajectory of economic development of the city is presented in the form of regular replacement of long-term waves of radical innovations through restructuring crises. The proposed integrated strategic approach, synthesizing macro- and microeconomic evolutional approaches deriving from the fields of business, finance, management, strategy, municipal and state regulation can help all the participants of the transition process to innovative path of development, which adds to the leading role of a city in the context of globalization.

The digitalization of enterprise's business processes is an integral part of the modern competitive policy of a commercial organization. The use of the results of qualitative and quantitative analyzes of existing scientific approaches in the field of identifying and developing ontologies that mediate the production of goods / services can positively affect the adoption of strategic decisions due to the reduction of time for review and research of the same ideas and methods. The article is devoted to the use of graph theory elements for the analysis of many conceptual schools and approaches to the ontology of business processes. The authors analyzed 216 scientific sources on this topic. As a result of the study, a citation graph was constructed that systematized the authors of the study area selected according to the methodology described above. This tool of the analysis methodology can be scaled and used by interested parties for a better analysis of the literature on the ontology of enterprise business processes.

The article considers the essence and content of the process-relational methodology of social memory research, analyzes its heuristic capabilities and methodological limitations. ; В статье рассматривается сущность и содержание процессо-реляционной методологии исследования социальной памяти, анализируются её эвристические возможности и методологические ограничения.

Damage from environmental pollution (damage from violation of environmental legislation) is a basic category in environmental-economic research and is assessed during the development of project documentation, environmental audit, evaluation assessment of the effectiveness of investment projects, environmental risks insurance. At the same time, variety of existing assessment approaches necessitates methodological and methods' streamlining in the field under consideration. The purpose of the study is to review and systematize national and foreign experience in assessing damage from environmental pollution. Research methods: ecological-economic analysis, content analysis, information modeling, statistical analysis. The key findings of the study: identification of contradictions in the field of understanding and assessment of environmental pollution damage category, streamlining of methodological principles and methodology support in the field under consideration, development of approaches' classification for calculating damage from pollution depending on the methods used and the directions of assessment, systematization of methodology support based on a wide range of criteria. Scope: environmental audit and expertise, environmental insurance, as well as regulatory documents of ministries (Ministry of natural resources, Ministry of ecology) and departments (Rostechnadzor, Rosvodresursy, etc.), scientific and educational publications on the assessment of anthropogenic load.

The last institutional changes in world politics constrain rethinking and keeping up to date approaches to managing social-and-economical development of regions. It brings to the forefront questions of measurement and analysis of the productivity of the public and municipal administration in the new conditions. In this regard, the development of the methodology of statistical research of the strengthening investment attractiveness of the Russian region using modern regional investment policy mechanisms is deemed relevant. Attention is drawn to taking into account the regional space heterogeneity, a wide range of factors that not always unequivocally affect investment attractiveness, occasional forced necessity to develop dynamic models on the basis of data from short time intervals. The article reveals the authors' ideas on solving the abovementioned issues, which, in her opinion makes them relevant not only for the theory as well as for the practice of statistical research of the regional investment situation, including in terms of its development prospects. ; Институциональные изменения, происходящие в последнее время в мировой политике, требуют переосмысления и актуализации подходов к управлению социально-экономическим развитием регионов. На первый план выходят вопросы измерения и анализа результативности государственного и муниципального управления в новых условиях. В этой связи представляется актуальным развитие методологии статистического исследования проблем повышения привлекательности региона посредством современных механизмов региональной инвестиционной политики. Обобщение и систематизация научных исследований, посвященных различным аспектам статистического измерения инвестиционной привлекательности и развития регионов, выявляют наличие целого комплекса проблем, недостаточно полно и всесторонне изученных в части оценки результативности реализации региональной инвестиционной политики. Обращается внимание на учет неоднородности регионального пространства, анализ факторов, влияющих на инвестиционную привлекательность регионов, необходимость разработки динамических моделей на основе данных, относящихся к коротким временным периодам. В статье предлагаются подходы к решению указанных проблем, вносящих вклад как в теорию, так и практику статистического исследования инвестиционной ситуации в регионах и перспектив ее развития.