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Mass migrations of the past several decades and compulsory pop transfers seem to invalidate any general theory of migration. And yet, without theoretical orientation, how can we expect to gain new, signif insights? An attempt is made to construct a typology of migration, the types to be differentiated by the general institutional conditions under which they occur. From a large number of sociol'lly signif criteria, 2 are selected for primary consideration: (1) the way in which migration affects the social relationships of the migrants, & (2) the differences in socio-cultural systems between the areas of origin and areas of destination. Migrations may be classified according to whether they are voluntary or involuntary, in terms of the movement of a single person (or family) or an entire clan or tribe or some sociol'lly signif segment thereof. The signif of econ and non-economic factors in migration invite analysis. A typology of migration should also take into consideration the qualitative differences in the social order of the areas between which migrants move. Presumably the cultural differences of the societies involved are related to the sociol-psychol'cal adjustment of migrants. The typology suggested is not designed to replace the simpler classifications that are indispensable in statist work. The intention here is to outline a few concepts which could form a basis for a general theory of human migration. E. Scott.

Les formes de déplacements humains sont nombreuses. Les migrations se font tantôt en masses compactes, tantôt par petits groupes ou individuellement. Mais la durée des déplacements ou des absences et leur répétition apportent aux migrations des nuances variées dans le temps et dans l'espace. Géographes, historiens, économistes ont cherché à classer les courants migratoires et ils ont distingué les migrations temporaires des migrations définitives. Mais que de formes entre le déplacement local régulier et quotidien et la migration lointaine permanente ou définitive !Les courants migratoires temporaires comportent plusieurs degrés : migrations alternantes quotidiennes entre la ville et sa banlieue ou entre zones de régions industrielles, migrations hebdomadaires, migrations saisonnières, migrations polyannuelles reposant sur des absences de plus ou moins longue durée. Si certains courants comme les migrations saisonnières semblent s'être fortement atténués depuis le XIXe siècle, d'autres, au contraire, se sont maintenus ou développés.