Suchergebnisse

Argues that migration control is not an answer to security difficulties created by the "undocumented immigration problem" & security agencies do not develop new policies in response to political challenges/threats. Rather, the production of discourses that link migration & security is part of the "political game" played by Western democracies. Security agencies have their own view of threats & their own methods of control. They compete with each other for inclusion of their goals in politicians' platforms by constructing problems that allow them to implement their traditional solutions. The social construction of threats by various members of the community of security professionals is analyzed, along with the diminishing lines between internal & external security; the emergence of immigration as a global security problem; & ways the discourse about illegal immigrants is framed by "struggles for a monopoly of the definition & hierarchy of threats." Bureaucratic games, the media's role, blurred lines between military & police activities, & identification of the immigrant as a common adversary are explored. 106 References. J. Lindroth

"Assessing the migration potential and predicting future migration streams are among the most relevant, yet least well understood topics of migration research. The usual approach taken to address aggregate-level prediction problems is to fit ad hoc specifications to historical data, and to extrapolate from these estimates on the basis of conditioning information that is assumed to be knowue with certainty. In this context, this strategy faces formidable problems that exceed the usual difficulties arising for the prediction of economic variables. This paper addresses this extrapolation problem formally, with an application to the case of EU-enlargement and the ensuing migration streams to be expected from Eastern Europe." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

An introductory chapter notes that the relationship between migration flows & state policies has been a neglected topic in migration studies that has traditionally separated the two. This volume begins to fill that void by focusing on the link between flows & policies at a time when the supply of international migrants is far greater than the demand for them. Migration "control dilemmas" faced by liberal democratic nations with capitalist economies are examined as a way to analyze the infrastructure of contemporary immigration. It is contended that states cope with these migration control dilemmas either through strategies of "visibility" at the border, or via "remote control," which involves delegating controls to third parties. The increasing connection between migration & both domestic & international security is discussed, along with growing crime rates among immigrants; difficulties involved in dealing with "irregular" migration; the unintended consequences of current migration controls; & adaptation strategies adopted by migrants. The organization & key themes of the book are described. 1 Figure, 78 References. J. Lindroth

An introductory chapter notes that the relationship between migration flows & state policies has been a neglected topic in migration studies that has traditionally separated the two. This volume begins to fill that void by focusing on the link between flows & policies at a time when the supply of international migrants is far greater than the demand for them. Migration "control dilemmas" faced by liberal democratic nations with capitalist economies are examined as a way to analyze the infrastructure of contemporary immigration. It is contended that states cope with these migration control dilemmas either through strategies of "visibility" at the border, or via "remote control," which involves delegating controls to third parties. The increasing connection between migration & both domestic & international security is discussed, along with growing crime rates among immigrants; difficulties involved in dealing with "irregular" migration; the unintended consequences of current migration controls; & adaptation strategies adopted by migrants. The organization & key themes of the book are described. 1 Figure, 78 References. J. Lindroth

"In der nahen Zukunft wird Europa mit zusätzlichen Migrationströmen gesteigerte ethnischer Heterogenität konfrontiert werden. Die adäquaten politischen Vorkehrungen hierfür zu schaffen, wird eine der größten politischen Herausforderungen der nächsten Jahre sein." (Autorenreferat)

An examination of the varied ways questions related to ethnicity, migration, & statehood are posed in different parts of Europe strives to avoid the oversimplified east-west contrasts that are prevalent in many accounts of contemporary Europe. "Immigrant ethnicity" & "territorial nationality" are described as two ways ethnic heterogeneity can be socially organized & politically expressed. It is maintained that Western Europe endorses the immigrant-ethnicity model in which ethnic groups arise through migration while Eastern Europe sanctions the territorial-nationality model that focuses on indigenous ethnic groups. Attention is called to acute differences between the two groups in political claims made in the name of ethnicity. The immigrant-ethnic model summons politics of anti-discrimination, civil inclusion, & "soft multiculturalism," while territorial nationality stresses claims to public recognition, support for cultural activities, & even special immunities. Problems related to immigration in Western Europe have centered on immigration from the outside as opposed to the Eastern European focus on emigration. The importance of state-building in Eastern Europe is discussed. 50 References. J. Lindroth

"The patterns of European migration are missing from the literature largely due to the absence of unifying standards of registering and reporting immigration across European countries. In the remainder of this chapter, we start therefore with an overview of the quantity and national distribution of migration stocks and flows, the age and skill structure of immigrants, and the structure of employment, based on the fragmented information available from national and international sources. In Chapter 2 we investigate in depth the impact of European immigration policies on national origin and the human capital characteristics of migrants. In Chapter 3 we explore welfare take-up amongst immigrants and attitudes in three areas: unemployment benefits, health benefits, and pensions, discussing how a differentiated take-up for immigrants occurs and whether this arises from their separate observable characteristics such as youthfulness. In Chapter 4 the consequences of enlarging the EU to Central and Eastern Europe, that is, a group of countries which differ considerably from the present EU members regarding factor endowments and per capita income levels, are discussed. In Chapter 5 we analyse the attitudes of Europeans towards immigration and confront the attitudes with the facts about welfare dependency and labour market performance of migrants. In Chapter 6 we extend the policy debate by discussing the comparative economic implications for both host and origin country of a policy of accepting permanent immigration to fill a given number of positions, with one which rotates a larger number of temporary migrants through a similar number of positions. Finally, we draw conclusions for managing migration in the European welfare state against the background of our findings." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))

In the introduction to a collection of essays honoring Zygmunt Bauman (see abstracts of related chapters), Bauman's role in the evolution of sociology in Europe is discussed. It is argued that Bauman's sociology is a product of his diverse life experiences & his ability to remain ambivalent toward the political developments of his times & homes. Although he avoided systematic continuities & development of a universal theory of sociology, Bauman emphasized sociology's role as a form of active self-reflection on social life & focused his research on cultural themes & the fluid boundaries of sociology & social philosophy. Bauman was also a product of the sociological debates occurring in GB. As sociology entered the university as a legitimate discipline in the 1960s, he played an important role in shaping the discipline & exploring the relationship between sociology & Marxism. Throughout the ensuing decades of critical debate, Bauman remained an insightful critic of the dueling camps including phenomenology, Marxist theory, structuralism, hermeneutics, & ethnomethodology. T. Sevier

"This paper summarises the findings of recent research on the effects of migration on the Austrian labour market and draws attention to the fact that migratory movements have had a distinct regional dimension in the past. In our analysis of the mobility behaviour of foreign residents we find that existing networks of foreigners of the same nationality are the most powerful predictors of both new migration and net migration from abroad to a particular region. Internal mobility, however, is less closely correlated to the existing networks. This suggests that improved integration of foreign workers into the Austrian labour market may be the most effective measure, if a more even spread of migrants across the territory is desired." (author's abstract)

"This paper summarises the findings of recent research on the effects of migration on the Austrian labour market and draws attention to the fact that migratory movements have had a distinct regional dimension in the past. In our analysis of the mobility behaviour of foreign residents we find that existing networks of foreigners of the same nationality are the most powerful predictors of both new migration and net migration from abroad to a particular region. Internal mobility, however, is less closely correlated to the existing networks. This suggests that improved integration of foreign workers into the Austrian labour market may be the most effective measure, if a more even spread of migrants across the territory is desired." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Investigates the nature & impact of state regulation on entry & integration of US immigrants. The author argues that the current debate on membership concerns access to both state & civil society. Starting with a review of the literature on state policies, migration, & integration, the author examines the effects of legislation such as CA's Proposition 187. He identifies three perspectives for scholarly examination of the state: its impact on migration & integration, its role as a self-interested actor, & its multifaceted nature. The article concludes with a discussion of the structure of US membership today, recent citizenship legislation, & topics for future study. 47 References. J. R. Callahan