Suchergebnisse

The migration of health workers is a global phenomenon with considerable impact on health care systems, which issue became a policy concern in Hungary after the Eastern Enlargement of the European Union in 2000s and early 2010s. The main aim of this paper is to reveal the migration intentions and motives of Hungarian medical students and health professionals.

家族、移民和革命,是考察中國的僑鄉社會,尤其是民國時期的僑鄉社會所不可或缺的三大元素。傳統的華人華僑研究,多把華僑與國民黨的革命活動聯繫起來,以突出華僑對國民黨革命的重要性。然而,這些研究往往忽略了華僑跟共產黨領導的革命的繫連。在當代的潮汕地區,爲了吸引華僑投資家鄉與促進僑鄉的文化旅遊發展,部分僑鄉重構鄉村參與共產黨革命的歷史,建立起「紅色僑鄉」。 ; 「紅色僑鄉」這個文化標籤的建立,成爲僑鄉、僑居地與國家之間的文化、政治關係的象徵符號。本文主要以廣東澄海後溝村為個案研究,由此討論僑鄉社會如何塑造自身的歷史與文化。本文嘗試指出,第一次國共合作破裂之後,共產黨在鄉村中秘密動員、組織農民階級對抗「地主階級」,鄉民參加革命能夠起到協調地域社區權力結構中力量的不平衡的作用。自20年代中后期在僑鄉社會中形成的關係網絡延續至抗日戰爭及解放戰爭,與海外移民網絡共同影響著鄉村的宗族和地域社會。當代僑鄉的紅色革命形象,是國家自上而下的意識形態工程所塑造的,也是地方家族、移民在追尋自身利益與政治認同的結果。 ; Lineage, migration and revolution are three major elements to study emigrant communities in China, especially in the Republican period. Traditional studies on overseas Chinese focus on the relationship between overseas Chinese and KuoMinTang's revolutionary activities and highlight the importance of overseas Chinese to KMT revolution. However, these studies often ignore the relationship between overseas Chinese and revolutionary activities led by Chinese Communist Party. In the Chaoshan region, some of the emigrant communities, in order to attract overseas Chinese investment and develop cultural tourism, attempt to establish a "Red Emigrant Community" status through reconstructing the history of village's participating in CCP's revolution. ; "Red Emigrant Community", or Hongse qiaoxiang, is a cultural label linking emigrant communities and the State. This thesis, using Hougou village as an example explores how emigrant communities shape their own "red" history and culture. After the first cooperation of KMT and CCP, CCP secretly began to mobilize and organize peasants against landlords in villages. Villager's participation in revolutionary activities could be seen as a balance of power in the local community. Together with their overseas networks, emigrant communities' revolutionary networks, which were formed in the 1920s and continued through the WWII and the Liberation, influenced villages' lineage and regional structures. Red Emigrant Community is not only a top-down National projects. It is a result of pursuing interests and seeking political identity by local ...

by Chun Wai (May) Chan. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves [147-149]). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Introduction --- p.1-3 ; The Historical Event ; Intersection of History and Biography ; Contemporary Emigration ; Literature Review --- p.4-15 ; Conceptual and Theoretical Issues ; "Types of Contemporary HK Emigrants, Emigration Strategies, & Emigration Adjustments" ; "Rationales for Emigration, Return Emigration, and Settlement" ; Politically Driven vs. Economically Driven Emigration ; Middle Class Emigration vs. Working Class Emigration ; The Meaning of the Contemporary Wave of Emigration ; Research Method --- p.16-20 ; Research Aim ; Framework of Analysis ; Subject of Study ; Research Design ; Conducting the Interview ; Data Analysis ; Chapter Organization --- p.21-21 ; Chapter 1- The Setting ; Chapter 2- The Search ; Chapter 3- The Transition ; Chapter 4- The Split ; Chapter 5- The Scale ; Chapter 6- The Meaning of the Contemporary Wave of Emigration from Hong Kong ; Chapter Chapter 1- --- The Setting --- p.22-26 ; Chapter 1.1 --- History of Emigration ; Chapter 1.2 --- The Contemporary Period ; Chapter 1.2A --- Transformations in Hong Kong ; Chapter 1.2B --- Immigration Policies of Overseas Destination Countries ; Chapter 1.3 --- The Timeframe ; Chapter Chapter 2- --- The Search --- p.27-48 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Forward ; Chapter 2.2 --- Motivations for Emigration ; Chapter 2.2A --- Overseas Educational Opportunities ; Chapter 2.2B --- Overseas Living Environment ; Chapter 2.2C --- Political Transition (97) ; Chapter 2.3 --- 1997: Divergent Focus ; Chapter 2.3A --- Shadow Past ; Chapter 2.3B --- Ambiguous Future ; Chapter 2.4 --- Non-Conventional Cases ; Chapter 2.5 --- Recapitulation ; Chapter Chapter 3- --- The Transition --- p.49-74 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Forward ; Chapter 3.2 --- Economic and Social Transitions ; Chapter 3.2A --- Economic ; Chapter 3.2A. 1 --- Employment/ Career Adjustments ; Chapter 3.2A. 1. a --- Experience and ...

随着我国城镇化的发展和城乡迁移人口的大幅增加,越来越多进城务工人员选择让子女随迁进入城市。在城乡教育水平存在差异的情况下,让子女随迁或留守反映着家庭对高质量教育的需求,同时也有可能改变家庭中教育资源的分配状况。政府是基础教育总成本的主要承担者,政策上可以通过增加政府教育的投入来减轻家庭的私人负担。因此,家庭负担的私人成本大小与政府的供给具有密切的关系。 ; 本研究主要采用2008年CHIP(Chinese Household Income Project)数据,从需求的角度考察随迁选择及其对教育支出的影响。研究进一步加入了流出老家和流入城市两地的县级的宏观教育财政数据来反映政府教育供给状况,并探讨了家庭支出和政府供给的相关关系。研究首先采用Probit 回归对随迁选择影响因素进行分析发现,除了个体、家庭和地区因素外,城市教育财政支出是家庭进行随迁选择的拉动力,城乡间教育支出的相对差异也显著地促进随迁选择;研究的第二部分采用倾向得分匹配法寻找随迁与家庭教育支出的因果关系。结果发现,与留守相比,随迁会导致家庭校内教育支出的显著增加,其中进入公办学校的家庭支出增加62%至64%左右。最后,结合政府供给水平对家庭需求的影响,作者发现,流入地政府的教育支出有助于提高流动儿童进入公办学校的机会,与家庭教育支出存在着挤入效应,随着政府支出的增加,家庭需要负担更多的私人成本。 ; 研究首次将政府供给水平与随迁子女的教育需求进行结合,具有一定的创新意义。 结论中关于城乡教育支出差异对随迁选择的积极作用,有助于中央或地方政府通过促进城乡均衡发展对随迁过程进行引导;而随迁家庭需要承担高额教育支出的客观事实,也有利于家庭进行随迁选择时充分地考虑成本因素;研究最后发现的挤入效应反映了流入地县级政府教育财力的缺陷,明确了中央政府承担责任的必要性。 ; Whiles urbanization and rural-urban migration in China have been increased rapidly in recent years, more and more migration workers have chosen to bring their children to urban migration destinations. Because of the huge rural-urban gap in education funding, the choice of migrating with children versus leaving them behind in rural areas reflects demand of high educational quality by families. Further, different migration behaviors could also affect households' resource allocation on education. Since government plays a major role on the total cost of basic education, policies can be implemented to release family's budget constraint by raising the education finance. As a result, the extent to which private education cost by migrant households is closely related to the level of public funding. ; Using the 2008 Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP) data, my thesis attempts to investigate the determinants of family migration decision on children and the impact of children migration on educational expenditure. I merge the CHIP data with the macro educational fiscal data in migrants' place of origin and destination to to indicate the public fiscal support, and explore the relationship between household expenditure and governmental funding on education. I ...

The aim of this study is to give a detailed overview about the immigration into the European Union between 2015 and 2019. The paper also outlines some of the risks of immigration and the recent developments of the Schengen Information System and the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex). The first part of the paper describes the immigration that the European Union has dealt with between 2015 and 2019, underlining the refugee flow in 2015-2016. This part includes statistics on the number of asylum applications and illegal border-crossings. The data is provided by the European Commission (Eurostat) and the European Border and Coast Guard Agency. The second part of the paper gives an overview of the European Agenda on Migration, examines the four pillars to manage migration better, including reducing the incentives for irregular migration, border management, common asylum policy and a new policy on legal migration. The third part describes the developments of the Schengen Information System and the European Border and Coast Guard Agency such as new technologies and strengthening border management, expansion of databases, joint operation outside the European Union and return operations. These developments will be essential for a better immigration management and they will make the defense of the European Union more effective, transparent and coordinated in the future.

Mass migration, as it appears in the 21st century, is one of the greatest challenges of our globalized world. The unanswered questions of European Union (EU) immigration policy that emerged over the past few decades have become more pressing than ever. One of these urgent questions is: how can we provide for a developing European economy in an era of demographic decline in a way that it is based on the opportunities opened up by legally regulated forms of migration. A second question is: how can the EU ensure the safety of the newly arriving people in need and, at the same time, keep away illegal migrants and eliminate criminal activities related to migration. The European Union is destined to spread the principles of peace and unconditional respect for human rights not only within its own borders, but also on a global scale, when engaging in international affairs. In addition to observing human rights, however, the EU must also take into account all security considerations that are pertinent in guaranteeing the free movement of its citizens within the Member States.

A publikáció felhívja a figyelmet a világgazdaságban létező gazdasági erőközpontok és a hozzájuk kapcsolódó peremterületek gazdasági szimbiózisának működési mechanizmusára. A centrum-periféria modellek segítségével mutatja be a gazdasági központok és perifériáik kapcsolatát, elemezi e régiók fejlődéséhez vezető okokat, az egymáshoz kötődő gazdasági kapcsolataikat. A cikk az Európai Unió központjának és perifériájának fejlődésére összpontosít, megvizsgálva e régiók gazdasági fejlődésének történelmi hátterét, hangsúlyozva az ipari forradalom jelentőségét Nyugat-Európában. A tanulmány kitér a német migrációs politika bemutatására a II. világháború végétől napjainkig. Elemezi a német statisztikai hivatal adatait, és bemutatja a Németországban élő külföldi népesség számának és arányának változását a 20. század második felében. A német migrációs politika ismertetése során a bevándorlási szabályok enyhítésének változását vizsgálja kitérve a 2015-ös migrációs válság hatásaira. A cikk bemutatja a német kormány előtt álló kihívásokat és a bevándorlók beilleszkedésének nehézségeit, a külföldi állampolgárok németországi kulturális hátterét, az egyes nemzetiségek számát és arányát a német társadalomban. A kiadvány a közép-európai államok gazdasági együttműködési rendszerén keresztül meghatározza a közép-európai feldolgozóipari központ államait és gazdasági szerepét az Európai Unióban, valamint rávilágít, hogy Németország a közép-európai régió gazdasági központja, amely beruházásai és termelési kapacitásainak bővítése révén meghatározza a visegrádi országok gazdasági fejlődését, és egy sajátos gazdasági centrum periféria kapcsolatrendszer kiépítéséhez vezet. The center-periphery models show the relationship between the economic centers and its periphery in the geographical area, analyze the reasons leading to the development and development of these regions and illustrate their economic relations with each other. The publication focuses on the development of the center and periphery of the European Union, examining the historical background of the economic development of these regions, emphasizing the importance of the industrial revolution in Western Europe. The aim of the study is to present the German migration policy from the end of the World War II to the present. It analyzes the data of the German statistical office and shows the changing of the number and proportion of foreign population living in Germany in the second half of the 20th century. During the presentation of the German migration policy discusses the study the process of easing immigration rules and the migration crisis in 2015. The article presents the challenges faced by the German government and the difficulties of integrating immigrants. It discusses the different cultural backgrounds of foreign citizens in Germany, lists the proportion of each nationality within German society. The publication describes the economic co-operation system of the Central European states and defines the states and economic role of the Central European manufacturing core in the European Union. The publication states that Germany is the economic center of the Central European region, which also determines the economic development of the Visegrad countrys by introducing production capacities.

許多學者討論了現代社會之非正規移民;然而,我們對這些移民的主體性知之甚少。世界體系的發展令國家邊界及公民身份政治有所改變,當今世界有超過五千萬非正規移民,理解其生活的志向和追索其現實有一定意義。香港大約有七千名非華裔非正規移民,其中估計75%來自南亞,此研究通過分析香港法外移民的案例,探索非正規移民之理想的建構與達成。儘管香港自從1841年成為英國殖民地後,與這個次大陸關係密切,此現象僅僅追溯到十年前,部分原因來自於後9-11歐美西方的嚴格移民政策之變化。 ; 在香港這個單一民族的社會,貧困的非華裔移民鶴立雞群,收到社會和政治的不公正待遇,為什麼這些移民還要過來?這裡的故事並非人們對非正規移民所想像的人口販賣、恐怖手段和暴力,而是關於移民文化所導致的需要研究出口移民的必要性,以及尋找全球和都市身份的媒體影響,和失足移民假扮成功人士,以掩蓋他們未能實現離家時許下的諾言的羞恥。儘管他們知道被罪化人生的風險和危險,也許還有更重要的未來等待他們的失敗,為什麼南亞人選擇在社會邊緣以非法公民的身份生存,而且繼續複製在海外出人頭地的神話?此研究基於一年的深入訪問和超過三個月的參與觀察,觀察香港非法南亞人的人生軌跡,分析他們如何建構非法的夢想,實現了什麼志願,以及如何延續由始至終以渴望成功打造的幻覺。 ; Many scholars have discussed irregular migration in contemporary societies; however, we know little of the subjectivities of these migrants. With considerable developments in the world system marking changes in the policing of national borders and politics of citizenship, it is of some significance to understand the processes that drive the motivations and trace the realities of over fifty million irregular migrants living in the world today. This research sheds light on the construction and realization of aspirations for irregular migration by examining cases of extralegal migrants in Hong Kong, where estimates suggest that 75 percent of the approximately 7,000 strong irregular non-Chinese migrant population comes from the South Asia. Despite Hong Kong's close connections to the subcontinent since the city's establishment as a British colony in 1841, this particular phenomenon dates back only ten years, stemming partially from strict changes in migration in the post-9/11 Euro-American West. ; In a society that is as ethnically homogenous as Hong Kong where the poorer non-Chinese immigrants clearly stand out and are open to social and political injustice, why do these migrants still come? The stories heard here are not of trafficking, terror and violence as one might expect from cases of irregular migrants, but instead, of cultures of migration creating obligations to engage in out-migration, media influence encouraging the search for global and cosmopolitan ...

hrsg. von Peter Haslinger . ; Inhaltstext ; Inhaltsverzeichnis ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- PVA 2008.3703

Chiu, Shu Ju Ann. ; "March 2011." ; Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. [302]-317). ; Questionnaire in Chinese. ; Abstract in Chinese and English. ; Acknowledgement --- p.i ; Abstract --- p.iv ; Abstract (Chinese) --- p.V ; Chapter Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Statement of Problem --- p.3 ; Theoretical Discussion of Chinese Overseas and the Internet --- p.10 ; Methodology --- p.20 ; Thesis Chapters --- p.28 ; Chapter Chapter II. --- Old and New Immigrants and the Internet in Manhattan Chinatown --- p.32 ; Realignment of Social Structure after 9/11 --- p.36 ; Changing Occupational Composition after 9/11 --- p.41 ; Locality and Community Identifications of Old and New Immigrants --- p.45 ; Transnational Migration and the Internet in Manhattan Chinatown --- p.55 ; Chapter Chapter III. --- Emigrant Families and the Internet in Guangdong and Fujian --- p.65 ; Transnational Migration to New York --- p.66 ; Jiangmen Wuyi: Hometown of Old Cantonese Immigrants --- p.71 ; Fuzhou Shiyi: Hometown of New Fujianese Immigrants --- p.84 ; Chapter Chapter IV. --- Hometown Association and Homepage: CCBA-NY and Fujianese.com --- p.102 ; Hometown Websites in Manhattan Chinatown --- p.104 ; Weblog and the Profile of Hometown Associations --- p.113 ; The Online Persona of CCBA-NY and Fujianese.com --- p.117 ; Chapter Chapter V. --- Ancestral Worship Ritual and the Politics of Traditional Associations --- p.136 ; Kinship Rhetoric and Cultural Politics of Ethnicity --- p.138 ; The Sacred Place and Cultural Politics of New Fujianese Associations --- p.147 ; The Sacred Space to Honor Ancestors for Old Cantonese Associations --- p.158 ; Chapter Chapter VI. --- Online Debates over the Cultural Landmark of Manhattan Chinatown --- p.168 ; Chinatown Visitor Information Kiosk --- p.170 ; Chinese Archway --- p.176 ; Confucius and Lin Zexu --- p.183 ; Chapter Chapter VII. --- Miss Internet and the Hometown Memory of Fuzhou Migrants --- p.199 ; The Internet Users and ...

This research investigates the interaction between the effects of wording and other elements of framing on public attitudes toward asylum policies. In particular, we focus on the labels of asylum-seekers and the discourse about the recent refugee crisis in Europe. In 2015 and 2016, we conducted two survey-experiments in Hungary where mass migration was the major issue on the political agenda at the time of the surveys. The salience of the issue was manipulated in both studies. Earlier findings have indicated that even words with the same meaning could prompt different interpretations in specific contexts. In contrast, we show that even large effects of wording, even if they are driven by differential meaning, can be suppressed by other elements of framing. The paper with the scientific results of this collection are currently under anonymous review. After the review process, the author of this collection will be revealed.

The concept of territorial cohesion can not be reduced to regional disparities that are based on analyzes on the level of economic relations and of various infrastructures. Interpretation of cohesion between parts and units of European society, rethinking one of the challenges of the future. Increas-ing the value of social cohesion and European responses to demand arising from globalization and geopolitical challenges. The European Union is facing a series of decisions both trans-Atlantic co-operation initiatives and the East, Eurasia challenges with respect. The study presents a novel interpretation of the traditional and the cohesion of the European Union and anticipates resistance to external influences is important to increase, and the importance of new quality requirements. The continuing global economic crisis, international migration and global changes in energy prices are raise awareness of the sensitivity of European Union's economy and society.

Abortion has become a common practice in modern China since the implementation of birth limitation policy in the 1950s. In recent decades, the growing prevalence of abortion among young unmarried migrant workers has aroused public concern. Socially, abortion among this group of young women is often seen as a reproductive health problem or anomalous phenomenon that needs to be managed and handled; at the individual level, abortion is singled out as a behavioural misconduct of young women, which signifies their moral failure. However, these indiscreet and injudicious perceptions fail to acknowledge the complexity and structural dynamics behind their choices.While past studies have examined abortion through perspectives including law, morality, policy and reproductive health, or analyzed its impact on macro politics and institutions at a societal level, few of them have looked into the authentic experiences of these women and examined the whole issue from the perspective of interpersonal and gender dynamics. To fill the gap of knowledge, the present study aims at comprehending this distinctive life event of women and reflecting women's agency. Through conducting intensive ethnographic observation and in-depth interviews with 20 unmarried female migrant workers aged from 17 to 28 years old with diverse background, the underlining forces behind the occurrence of abortion are revealed, such as the influence of state family planning policy, the complex changes of lifestyle under market reform,and the heavy influence of partners and families on the decisions concerning marriage and childbirth. This study also traces the process within which abortion decisions are made, from sexual contacts, contraceptive uses, abortion decision-making,to the negotiation between partners, depicting women's responses to structural constraints and how their choices are made under the influence of migration. ...

Includes bibliographical references (p. [487]-508) ; The papers collected in this anthology look at Chinese overseas, residing in five continents in the half century after the Second World War, from many new perspectives. Some papers raise questions about the Chinese diaspora in broad conceptual terms, and inquire into the meaning of being Chinese outside China. Other papers examine life in local communities, analysing how historical and contemporary circumstances affect their lives and the ways they negotiate their identity in the host country. In- depth case studies further bring out the complexity of the subject by identifying the range of variables, including the social, economic, political and cultural characteristics of the places of origin and destinations, as well as emigration and immigration policies, which affect the patterns of migration and the nature of settlement in any place at any time. This is especially highlighted in chapters using a comparative approach. With scholars from different disciplines, using different types of data, methodologies and theoretical tools, the richness of the subject matter becomes apparent ; published_or_final_version ; Preface / Sinn, Elizabeth pix ; Contributors pxi ; 1 Introduction: migration and new national identities / Wang, Gungwu p1 ; Glossary p485 ; Bibliography p487 ; Pt.I Overview p13 ; Pt.II Identity and ethnicity p63 ; Pt.III The diaspora in Europe p139 ; Pt.IV The Asia Pacific front p201 ; Pt.V New focus on Australia p277 ; Pt.VI.Chinese overseas in comparative perspectives ; Pt.VII Ethnicity, Religion and communal development and Qiaoxiang: Chinese overseas and the home village p423 ; 2 Upgrading the migrant: neither Huaqiao nor huaren / Wang, Gungwu p15 ; 3 Groundlessness and utopia: the Chinese diaspora and territory / Mung, Emmanuel Ma p35 ; 4 蕭玉燦主義的歷史命運 / 周南京 p49 ; 5 Preserving bukit China: the cultural politics of landscape interpretation in Melaka's Chinese cemetery / Cartier, Carolyn L. p65 ; 6 Representations of 'the Chinese' and 'ethnicity' in British racial discourse / Tam, Suk-tak p81 ; 7 Emerging British Chinese identities: issues and problems / Parker, David p91 ; 8 Integration or segregation: the Dutch and South African Chinese compared / Harris, Karen L. p115 ; 9 Chinese immigrants in Denmark after 1949: immigration patterns and development / Thuno, Mette p141 ; 10 Living among three walls? The peranakan Chinese in the Netherlands / Minghuan, Li p167 ; 11 The Chinese and Chinese districts in Paris / Guillon, Michelle p185 ; 12 Becoming 'Chinese Canadian': the genesis of a cultural category / Ng, Wing-chung p203 ; 13 Political participation amongst Chinese Canadians: the road to the 1993 election / Lary, Diana p217 ; 14 神戶的中國人與中國人社會 / 安井三吉 p229 ; 15 從日本華僑敎育的當地化傾向看日本華僑社會的當地化趨勢 / 朱慧玲 p241 ; 16 越南華人經濟形態的轉變(1975-1993) / 黃小堅 p261 ; 17 Astronaut families and parachute children: Hong Kong immigrants in Australia / Pe-Pua, Rogelia p279 ; 18 The changing characteristics of Chinese migrants to Australia during the 1980s and early 1990s / Coughlan, James E. p299 ; 19 Gold mountain no more: impressions of Australian society among recent Asian immigrants / Ip, David F. p347 ; 20 Chinese immigration to Australia and South Africa: a comparative analysis of legislative control / Harris, Karen L. p373 ; 21 Settlement experiences of recent Chinese immigrants in Australia: a comparison of settlers from Hong Kong, Taiwan and China / Wu, Chung-tong p391 ; 22 The role of the true jesus church in the communal development of the Chinese people in Elgin, Scotland / Liu, Garland p425 ; 23 現代中國少數民族人口境外遷移初探: 以新彊、雲南為例 / 譚天星 p447 ; 24 山東省日照市旅韓華僑的調查報告 / 晁中辰 p463 ; 25 戰後中國大陸客家人海外移民剖析: 梅州地區人口國際遷移情況的調查 / 黃靜 p475

Yang, Yang. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-129). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Table of Contents --- p.iii ; List of Figures --- p.v ; List of Tables --- p.vi ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Literature Review --- p.4 ; Chapter i. --- African Communities in China --- p.4 ; Chapter ii. --- African Diasporas in Other Parts of the World --- p.6 ; Chapter iii. --- Globalization from Below --- p.9 ; Overview of African Traders in Guangzhou --- p.10 ; Fieldwork --- p.18 ; Outline of Chapters --- p.23 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- The Markets and Trade --- p.26 ; The Market --- p.26 ; Chapter i. --- African Shops --- p.30 ; Chapter ii. --- Underground Banks --- p.32 ; Chapter iii. --- Logistics/Custom Clearance Companies --- p.35 ; Chapter iv. --- Clothes Wholesale Markets --- p.40 ; The Clothing Commodity Chain --- p.42 ; Making A Profit in the Trade --- p.48 ; Chapter i. --- Moving Closer to the Producer --- p.48 ; Chapter ii. --- Expanding the Scale and Scope of One's Goods --- p.50 ; Chapter iii. --- Understanding One's Customers --- p.51 ; Conclusion --- p.53 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Street-Smart Entrepreneurship --- p.57 ; Networking --- p.58 ; Playing Tricks and Avoiding Fraud --- p.63 ; Dealing with Chinese Local Politics --- p.69 ; "Morality: ""What I Do is Good for Africa""" --- p.75 ; Conclusion --- p.80 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Bittersweet Relationship with China --- p.82 ; Living in the Chinese Community --- p.83 ; Romance between African Traders and Chinese Women --- p.87 ; A Religious Life under the Control of China --- p.97 ; Conclusion --- p.105 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion: The Larger Significance of this Trade --- p.107 ; Migration and the Nation-State in the Age of Globalization --- p.108 ; The Informal Economy in China and Sub-Saharan Africa --- p.111 ; Morality and the Informal Economy --- p.114 ; Two Tales of a City --- p.117 ; Epilogue --- p.122 ; Bibliography --- p.125 ; Chapter ...