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Never in history has so much attention been paid to human movement. Global migration yields demographic shifts of historical significance, profoundly shaking up world politics – as shown by the "refugee crisis," the rise of White nationalism in the United States, and the spreading of the populist right in Europe. Global migration is one of the defining issues of the 21st century, challenging the fabric of Western societies, remodeling the essence of sovereignty, and changing the way we think of borders and boundaries. The article puts forward ten reasons why international migration is one of the greatest challenges of our time. The ten reasons are related to fundamental changes in the patterns of migration, in Western societies, and in the world as a whole. Indeed, migration will be at the center of world politics in the years to come.

There has been a huge increase in the numbers of migrants seeking refuge in Europe. James Hampshire examines the development of a humanitarian and a political crisis within the European Union and assesses the chances of a long-term solution.

As the economy becomes addicted to cheap, unregistered migrant labour, the Putin regime has absent-mindedly reconfigured Russian demography. Rising ethnic politics risks turning into a disaster for the Kremlin. (Survival / SWP)

This chapter aims to analyse to what extent and how increased migration to Europe has triggered conflicting ideas of solidarity in Europe. It integrates analytical and normative approaches to the concept of solidarity. The chapter analyses how appeals for solidarity are used to justify a certain policy. It examines whether the migration crisis may be understood as a solidarity crisis. By combining the four dimensions of solidarity, the chapter also analyses what idea of solidarity the Member States have committed themselves to in the framework of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). It discusses the concept of solidarity both as an analytical and a normative concept. The chapter also discusses the understanding of solidarity applied in the CEAS. It also examines how EU institutions appeal for solidarity and whether there are conflicting perceptions of solidarity within the EU. Regulations the Member States have agreed on EU laws, which determine the Member State responsible for persons in need of international protection. ; acceptedVersion

Abstract: The article analyzes the historical changes in the formulation of migration policies between the 19th and 21st centuries, summarizing the emergency of an "age of migration crisis". The first section discusses why international migration poses a destabilizing problem for the Nation-state political conceptions. The second section emphasizes the intrinsic articulation of the global changes in human mobility and their political governance between the 19th and 20th centuries, identifying the four prevailing political paradigms on migrant cultural diversity that shaped public policies in the 20th century. The third and fourth sections deal with the emergence of the fifth cycle of international migration policies, which is characterized by the generalization of a global discourse that criminalizes migrants and refugees. The above will be followed by a critical perspective of the way migration has been treated in some Latin American countries.

On 9 September 2010 the body of a man who had fallen from a British Airways flight to Heathrow was discovered in a wealthy west-London suburb. It is hard to pinpoint any one precise origin of the migration crisis currently unfolding in Europe, but the migrant who fell from the sky in his extreme efforts to enter a Europe otherwise closed to him was to foreshadow something on a much larger scale which has shaken European integration to its very core. The mass movement of more than a million refugees and migrants (many fleeing conflicts in Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq) into European countries during 2015, the migration crisis so called, has generated an extreme level of disruption and disunity in the European Union and its member states as they strive to deal with the arrivals. But the crisis is, first and foremost, a humanitarian catastrophe of a kind unseen in Europe since the 1930s and 40s. Images from Lesbos and Lampedusa, among others, bear witness to the magnitude of the human cost of the crisis, which is still growing at an alarming rate at the time of writing. This note argues that the humanitarian crisis points to more deep-seated and long-standing problems in the governance of the European Union. As the EU and its member states struggle with the pressures of mass movement of displaced people, the treatment of those people exposes what can only be described as a crisis of European values. It is, in many ways, a stark expos{acute}e of shortcomings in the application of European fundamental rights, humanitarian law, and neighbourhood policy.

This essay examines the nature of the distinction between the equilibrium and historical-structuralist postions on migration as presented in the preceding article by Charles Wood. Rather than as paradigmatic confrontation, we reexamine their theoretical and political differences historically and in the context of the current world economic crisis. We discuss his proposal to focus on households as a strategy for integrating the two perspectives and for advancing an historical-structuralist understanding of migration and social change.