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In this paper I discuss the theoretical core of R. Fanciullacci's extremely ambitious book, L'esperienza etica. Per una filosofia delle cose umane, whose central aim is to reestablish moral philosophy as a discourse capable of answering to the practical questions of human beings. After a presentation of Fanciullacci's highly original reading of Aristotle's Ethics, I focus on his attempt to define the relation between theory and practice, through the formulation of a three level scheme, systematically developed throughout the book. If the book offers us a self-reflective, coherent perspective on moral philosophy, couched in a new language, which will be of a great use for contemporary thinking, it faces, however, a major difficulty: the ambiguous nature of the question of meaning, on which rests the very meaning of moral philosophy, especially with regards to its political implications.

This article discusses the opposition of neurosciences of moral judgement to moral philosophy, shedding light on the political meaning of the thesis according to which a science of morality is possible, or already real, and would demonstrate that rights' recognition equates to a cognitive error. It furthermore presents some theoretical contributions offered by Kant's moral doctrine – on condition that one avoids providing an unfounded and caricatural account in order to make it the paradigm of armchair philosophy – about the role of intuition and reasoning in formulating moral judgements and of mental experiments on moral dilemmas. ; L'articolo discute la contrapposizione delle neuroscienze del giudizio morale alla filosofia morale, mettendo in luce il significato politico della tesi che sia possibile, o già reale, una scienza della moralità, e che questa dimostri che il riconoscimento dei diritti equivale a un errore cognitivo. L'articolo presenta inoltre alcuni dei contributi teorici che la dottrina morale di Kant può fornire – purché si eviti di fornirne un resoconto infondato e caricaturale, per farne il paradigma della filosofia dalla poltrona – quanto al ruolo dell'intuizione e del ragionamento nella formulazione dei giudizi morali e quanto alla funzione da attribuire agli esperimenti mentali relativi ai dilemmi morali.

This paper deals with the major concepts of Scanlon's moral contractualism. It is possible to describe moral contractualism as the ability to identify priorities and moral reasons in deliberative action, that no one could reasonably reject. These capabilities require us to take into account the interests of others in our moral judgments. The result is that Scanlon overthrow the philosophy of Hobbes: morality is not originated from politics; on the contrary, politics is a function of morality. His answer to the dilemma of Prichard is particularly persuasive, though the proof of the falsity of the skeptical position can only be dialectic and persuasive is its intellectualistic position on relations between reasons and desires, too.