Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. The age-standardized death rate for CVD in Lithuania is one of the highest in the European Union. The decrease in mortality from CVD in Europe is attributed to the correction of risk factors, primarily through active preventive practices and proper treatment. The European Cardiology Society published guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice, which described the following main tools for prevention: smoking cessation, adequate physical activity, healthy nutrition and correction of overweight/obesity, adequate arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipid metabolism and glycaemic control, and stress management. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main CVD risk factor, requiring timely treatment. The use of cardiovascular medicines (CVM) is widespread and increasing, with the goal of lowering CVD complications and improving patient outcomes. The increasing use of CVM and treatment for CVD complications contributes to the increasing costs of treatment. The increasing use of antihypertensive medicines in Lithuania exceeds that of other countries, but the effects of this increased drug use on the CVD death rate and morbidity have not yet been observed. Long-term research on CVM use has not yet been conducted in Lithuania, despite the existence of data regarding reimbursed drugs dating back to the year 2000 (the National Health Insurance Fund [NHIF] database). This research would allow the evaluation of CVM utilization pattern and rationality, its impact on CVD mortality, and provide information on interventional tools to improve CVM use.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. The age-standardized death rate for CVD in Lithuania is one of the highest in the European Union. The decrease in mortality from CVD in Europe is attributed to the correction of risk factors, primarily through active preventive practices and proper treatment. The European Cardiology Society published guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice, which described the following main tools for prevention: smoking cessation, adequate physical activity, healthy nutrition and correction of overweight/obesity, adequate arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipid metabolism and glycaemic control, and stress management. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main CVD risk factor, requiring timely treatment. The use of cardiovascular medicines (CVM) is widespread and increasing, with the goal of lowering CVD complications and improving patient outcomes. The increasing use of CVM and treatment for CVD complications contributes to the increasing costs of treatment. The increasing use of antihypertensive medicines in Lithuania exceeds that of other countries, but the effects of this increased drug use on the CVD death rate and morbidity have not yet been observed. Long-term research on CVM use has not yet been conducted in Lithuania, despite the existence of data regarding reimbursed drugs dating back to the year 2000 (the National Health Insurance Fund [NHIF] database). This research would allow the evaluation of CVM utilization pattern and rationality, its impact on CVD mortality, and provide information on interventional tools to improve CVM use.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. The age-standardized death rate for CVD in Lithuania is one of the highest in the European Union. The decrease in mortality from CVD in Europe is attributed to the correction of risk factors, primarily through active preventive practices and proper treatment. The European Cardiology Society published guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice, which described the following main tools for prevention: smoking cessation, adequate physical activity, healthy nutrition and correction of overweight/obesity, adequate arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipid metabolism and glycaemic control, and stress management. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main CVD risk factor, requiring timely treatment. The use of cardiovascular medicines (CVM) is widespread and increasing, with the goal of lowering CVD complications and improving patient outcomes. The increasing use of CVM and treatment for CVD complications contributes to the increasing costs of treatment. The increasing use of antihypertensive medicines in Lithuania exceeds that of other countries, but the effects of this increased drug use on the CVD death rate and morbidity have not yet been observed. Long-term research on CVM use has not yet been conducted in Lithuania, despite the existence of data regarding reimbursed drugs dating back to the year 2000 (the National Health Insurance Fund [NHIF] database). This research would allow the evaluation of CVM utilization pattern and rationality, its impact on CVD mortality, and provide information on interventional tools to improve CVM use.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. The age-standardized death rate for CVD in Lithuania is one of the highest in the European Union. The decrease in mortality from CVD in Europe is attributed to the correction of risk factors, primarily through active preventive practices and proper treatment. The European Cardiology Society published guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice, which described the following main tools for prevention: smoking cessation, adequate physical activity, healthy nutrition and correction of overweight/obesity, adequate arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipid metabolism and glycaemic control, and stress management. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main CVD risk factor, requiring timely treatment. The use of cardiovascular medicines (CVM) is widespread and increasing, with the goal of lowering CVD complications and improving patient outcomes. The increasing use of CVM and treatment for CVD complications contributes to the increasing costs of treatment. The increasing use of antihypertensive medicines in Lithuania exceeds that of other countries, but the effects of this increased drug use on the CVD death rate and morbidity have not yet been observed. Long-term research on CVM use has not yet been conducted in Lithuania, despite the existence of data regarding reimbursed drugs dating back to the year 2000 (the National Health Insurance Fund [NHIF] database). This research would allow the evaluation of CVM utilization pattern and rationality, its impact on CVD mortality, and provide information on interventional tools to improve CVM use.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. The age-SDR for CVD in Lithuania is one of the highest in the European Union. The European Cardiology Society published guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice, which described the following main tools for prevention: smoking cessation, adequate physical activity, healthy nutrition and correction of overweight/obesity, adequate arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipid metabolism and glycaemic control, and stress management. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main CVD risk factor, requiring timely treatment. The use of cardiovascular medicines (CVM) is widespread and increasing, with the goal of lowering CVD complications and improving patient outcomes. The increasing use of antihypertensive medicines in Lithuania, exceeds that of other countries, but the effects of this increased drug use on the CVD death rate and morbidity have not yet been observed. Administrative databases were created in many of the European countries to collect data regarding the distribution and use of Long-term research on CVM use has not yet been conducted in Lithuania, despite the existence of data regarding reimbursed drugs dating back to the year 2000 (the National Health Insurance Fund [NHIF] database). This research would allow the evaluation of CVM utilization pattern and rationality, its impact on CVD mortality, and provide information on interventional tools to improve CVM use.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. The age-SDR for CVD in Lithuania is one of the highest in the European Union. The European Cardiology Society published guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice, which described the following main tools for prevention: smoking cessation, adequate physical activity, healthy nutrition and correction of overweight/obesity, adequate arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipid metabolism and glycaemic control, and stress management. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main CVD risk factor, requiring timely treatment. The use of cardiovascular medicines (CVM) is widespread and increasing, with the goal of lowering CVD complications and improving patient outcomes. The increasing use of antihypertensive medicines in Lithuania, exceeds that of other countries, but the effects of this increased drug use on the CVD death rate and morbidity have not yet been observed. Administrative databases were created in many of the European countries to collect data regarding the distribution and use of Long-term research on CVM use has not yet been conducted in Lithuania, despite the existence of data regarding reimbursed drugs dating back to the year 2000 (the National Health Insurance Fund [NHIF] database). This research would allow the evaluation of CVM utilization pattern and rationality, its impact on CVD mortality, and provide information on interventional tools to improve CVM use.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. The age-SDR for CVD in Lithuania is one of the highest in the European Union. The European Cardiology Society published guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice, which described the following main tools for prevention: smoking cessation, adequate physical activity, healthy nutrition and correction of overweight/obesity, adequate arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipid metabolism and glycaemic control, and stress management. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main CVD risk factor, requiring timely treatment. The use of cardiovascular medicines (CVM) is widespread and increasing, with the goal of lowering CVD complications and improving patient outcomes. The increasing use of antihypertensive medicines in Lithuania, exceeds that of other countries, but the effects of this increased drug use on the CVD death rate and morbidity have not yet been observed. Administrative databases were created in many of the European countries to collect data regarding the distribution and use of Long-term research on CVM use has not yet been conducted in Lithuania, despite the existence of data regarding reimbursed drugs dating back to the year 2000 (the National Health Insurance Fund [NHIF] database). This research would allow the evaluation of CVM utilization pattern and rationality, its impact on CVD mortality, and provide information on interventional tools to improve CVM use.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. The age-SDR for CVD in Lithuania is one of the highest in the European Union. The European Cardiology Society published guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice, which described the following main tools for prevention: smoking cessation, adequate physical activity, healthy nutrition and correction of overweight/obesity, adequate arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipid metabolism and glycaemic control, and stress management. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main CVD risk factor, requiring timely treatment. The use of cardiovascular medicines (CVM) is widespread and increasing, with the goal of lowering CVD complications and improving patient outcomes. The increasing use of antihypertensive medicines in Lithuania, exceeds that of other countries, but the effects of this increased drug use on the CVD death rate and morbidity have not yet been observed. Administrative databases were created in many of the European countries to collect data regarding the distribution and use of Long-term research on CVM use has not yet been conducted in Lithuania, despite the existence of data regarding reimbursed drugs dating back to the year 2000 (the National Health Insurance Fund [NHIF] database). This research would allow the evaluation of CVM utilization pattern and rationality, its impact on CVD mortality, and provide information on interventional tools to improve CVM use.
The aim. To rate alcohol consumption and morbidity of alcoholic liver disease and it's link of mortality in 2001-2014 in Lithuania, then compare the data with other Baltic Countries. The goals Alcohol consumption in Lithuania and Baltic Countries in 2001-2014; morbidity and mortality from alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and the prevalence between sexes and different age groups; The comparison of mortality from ALD in Lithuania and other Baltic countries, according to sex and age groups; addiction in Lithuania and other Baltic countries between alcohol consumption and mortality from ALD. The data. Analysis and comparison between alcohol consumption, morbidity and mortality in national and international databases of Baltic countries The results. Data analysis shows, that in Lithuania and Latvia alcohol consumption has gradually increased in 2001-2014. Meanwhile, in 2007 consumption among mortality from ALD gradually decreased in Estonia. The mortality in Latvia from ALD during the analyzed year increased 6 times, but at the same time remained the lowest among the Baltic countries. In Lithuania 2007 alcohol consumption, morbidity and mortality from ALD reached a peak. Following indicators, except the mortality, temporarily slightly dropped down, but then increased and exceeded former peak. Meanwhile, the mortality gradually started to decrease. In 2001-2014 both morbidity as well as mortality in Baltic countries is the most common in men between age groups of 40-59 years old. However, expected tendencies of increasing morbidity in Lithuania and mortality in Latvia from ALD among women. Conclusion:Constantly increased alcohol consumption has a definite influence on morbidity and mortality from ALD in Lithuania. Comparing Baltic countries, alcohol consumption and mortality index shows, thatdecisions made by politics in relation to beverages consumption, determined mortality and morbidity from ALD in country.
The aim. To rate alcohol consumption and morbidity of alcoholic liver disease and it's link of mortality in 2001-2014 in Lithuania, then compare the data with other Baltic Countries. The goals Alcohol consumption in Lithuania and Baltic Countries in 2001-2014; morbidity and mortality from alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and the prevalence between sexes and different age groups; The comparison of mortality from ALD in Lithuania and other Baltic countries, according to sex and age groups; addiction in Lithuania and other Baltic countries between alcohol consumption and mortality from ALD. The data. Analysis and comparison between alcohol consumption, morbidity and mortality in national and international databases of Baltic countries The results. Data analysis shows, that in Lithuania and Latvia alcohol consumption has gradually increased in 2001-2014. Meanwhile, in 2007 consumption among mortality from ALD gradually decreased in Estonia. The mortality in Latvia from ALD during the analyzed year increased 6 times, but at the same time remained the lowest among the Baltic countries. In Lithuania 2007 alcohol consumption, morbidity and mortality from ALD reached a peak. Following indicators, except the mortality, temporarily slightly dropped down, but then increased and exceeded former peak. Meanwhile, the mortality gradually started to decrease. In 2001-2014 both morbidity as well as mortality in Baltic countries is the most common in men between age groups of 40-59 years old. However, expected tendencies of increasing morbidity in Lithuania and mortality in Latvia from ALD among women. Conclusion:Constantly increased alcohol consumption has a definite influence on morbidity and mortality from ALD in Lithuania. Comparing Baltic countries, alcohol consumption and mortality index shows, thatdecisions made by politics in relation to beverages consumption, determined mortality and morbidity from ALD in country.
Background: The aim of the study was to report a rapid tendency towards better survival of the premature infants as well as a decrease in mean birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA) among threshold ROP babies. Materials and methods: Official data on neonate mortality are taken from Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Neonate survival data are taken from Lithuanian Medical Birth Register. A retrospective analysis for evaluating the dynamics of BW and GA among threshold ROP infants, based on prospectively collected data from January1995 to December 2003 was performed by the authors of the paper. Results: During the study period a remarkable decrease in neonate mortality rate was detected in Lithuania (81.4‰ in 1995 versus 43.1 ‰ in 2003). The survival of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants increased from 62.7% to 88.9%, and the same index among extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants increased from 18.5% to 56.7%. 2202 infants underwent screening for ROP in 1995–2003. Of them 320 (14.5%) reached the threshold and underwent treatment. The mean BW of threshold infants decreased from 1558.1 g to 1037.3 g, and the mean GA decreased from 30.7 to 27.2 weeks. Conclusion: remarkable decrease in the mortality and an increase in the survival rates of premature infants is evident in Lithuania. Improvement in neonatal care brought a rapid decrease of mean BW and mean GA of threshold ROP infants.
Background: The aim of the study was to report a rapid tendency towards better survival of the premature infants as well as a decrease in mean birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA) among threshold ROP babies. Materials and methods: Official data on neonate mortality are taken from Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Neonate survival data are taken from Lithuanian Medical Birth Register. A retrospective analysis for evaluating the dynamics of BW and GA among threshold ROP infants, based on prospectively collected data from January1995 to December 2003 was performed by the authors of the paper. Results: During the study period a remarkable decrease in neonate mortality rate was detected in Lithuania (81.4‰ in 1995 versus 43.1 ‰ in 2003). The survival of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants increased from 62.7% to 88.9%, and the same index among extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants increased from 18.5% to 56.7%. 2202 infants underwent screening for ROP in 1995–2003. Of them 320 (14.5%) reached the threshold and underwent treatment. The mean BW of threshold infants decreased from 1558.1 g to 1037.3 g, and the mean GA decreased from 30.7 to 27.2 weeks. Conclusion: remarkable decrease in the mortality and an increase in the survival rates of premature infants is evident in Lithuania. Improvement in neonatal care brought a rapid decrease of mean BW and mean GA of threshold ROP infants.
Background: The aim of the study was to report a rapid tendency towards better survival of the premature infants as well as a decrease in mean birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA) among threshold ROP babies. Materials and methods: Official data on neonate mortality are taken from Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Neonate survival data are taken from Lithuanian Medical Birth Register. A retrospective analysis for evaluating the dynamics of BW and GA among threshold ROP infants, based on prospectively collected data from January1995 to December 2003 was performed by the authors of the paper. Results: During the study period a remarkable decrease in neonate mortality rate was detected in Lithuania (81.4‰ in 1995 versus 43.1 ‰ in 2003). The survival of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants increased from 62.7% to 88.9%, and the same index among extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants increased from 18.5% to 56.7%. 2202 infants underwent screening for ROP in 1995–2003. Of them 320 (14.5%) reached the threshold and underwent treatment. The mean BW of threshold infants decreased from 1558.1 g to 1037.3 g, and the mean GA decreased from 30.7 to 27.2 weeks. Conclusion: remarkable decrease in the mortality and an increase in the survival rates of premature infants is evident in Lithuania. Improvement in neonatal care brought a rapid decrease of mean BW and mean GA of threshold ROP infants.
Background: The aim of the study was to report a rapid tendency towards better survival of the premature infants as well as a decrease in mean birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA) among threshold ROP babies. Materials and methods: Official data on neonate mortality are taken from Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Neonate survival data are taken from Lithuanian Medical Birth Register. A retrospective analysis for evaluating the dynamics of BW and GA among threshold ROP infants, based on prospectively collected data from January1995 to December 2003 was performed by the authors of the paper. Results: During the study period a remarkable decrease in neonate mortality rate was detected in Lithuania (81.4‰ in 1995 versus 43.1 ‰ in 2003). The survival of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants increased from 62.7% to 88.9%, and the same index among extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants increased from 18.5% to 56.7%. 2202 infants underwent screening for ROP in 1995–2003. Of them 320 (14.5%) reached the threshold and underwent treatment. The mean BW of threshold infants decreased from 1558.1 g to 1037.3 g, and the mean GA decreased from 30.7 to 27.2 weeks. Conclusion: remarkable decrease in the mortality and an increase in the survival rates of premature infants is evident in Lithuania. Improvement in neonatal care brought a rapid decrease of mean BW and mean GA of threshold ROP infants.
Author: Mantas Čekanauskas. Title: Myocardial infarction morbidity, risk factors and survival in working age population in 2005– 2015. Aim: To review data found in scientific literature about myocardial infarction morbidity, risk factors and survival in working age population in 2005–2015. Tasks: To evaluate morbidity of myocardial infarction and its changes in Lithuania and European Union. To summarize etiology, main symptoms and principles of diagnostics. To identify the most significant risk factors for men and women. To evaluate survival, its changes and factors that contribute to it. Method: Search of scientific literature and data was done using PubMed, Lithuanian Academic Electronic Library (eLaBa), Lithuanian Institute of Hygiene and WHO Regional Office for Europe "Health for all" databases. Keywords used in research were: "myocardial infarction" and "young", "young people", "young adults", "young men", "young women", "men", "women", "characteristics", "pathogenesis", "diagnosis", "risk factors", "epidemiology", "morbidity", "survival", "mortality", "in hospital mortality", also "miokardo infarktas", "sergamumas", "išgyvenamumas", "mirštamumas", "rizikos veiksniai", "darbingo amžiaus". Only studies that were made with humans, written in English or Lithuanian and published not earlier than 10 years ago were selected. Articles that analyzed 65 years old and older population as well as younger than 18 years old people and those in which myocardial infarction was not the main analyzed topic were rejected. Additionally, other scientifical articles that corresponded to the topic of this paper were analyzed, prioritizing literature published not earlier than 10 years ago or articles written by Lithuanian authors. Conclusions: The number of hospitalizations due to ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction is slowly decreasing in EU (European Union) with the numbers being lowest in southern countries and biggest in Baltic and Scandinavian countries. The numbers in Lithuania remain the highest among all countries in the EU. The morbidity of myocardial infarction in Lithuania increased throughout 2005–2015. The morbidity in men was a few times higher than in women. Men aged 45 to 64 took the highest part among all patients. Myocardial infarction usually occurs as a result of thrombus forming in a coronary artery after a rupture of atheroma. The most common clinical manifestation is chest pain lasting 20 minutes or longer. Diagnosis is made after collecting patient's anamnesis, finding increased Troponin levels in blood serum and making other necessary examinations. The most important risk factors for 18–64 years old people are smoking, dyslipidaemia, diabetes and hypertension. Women experienced their first myocardial infarction later than men. Dyslipidaemia significantly increases the risk for men, while comorbidities for women. In recent years, numbers of hypertension and diabetes have increased among middle-aged, while numbers of smoking have decreased among younger MI patients. Mortality from ischaemic heart disease (including mortality from myocardial infarction) in Lithuania and Europe was decreasing throughout the period, even though in Lithuania it is still higher than the average of EU and is among the highest in the Union. Despite decreasing rates, this tendency is least noticeable among young women. General mortality among working age men decreased averagely -4,7 percent/year., p<0,05, among women -2,0 percent/year, p=0,16, among young men -7,8 percent/year, p<0,05, among young women -1,1 percent/year, p=0,56, among middle-aged men -4,5 percent/year, p<0,05, among middle-aged women -2,3 percent/year, p=0,16 respectively. Young women also got sufficient treatment later and less often than the other groups. The risk of mortality for patients who had experienced MI decreased a few times in 1980–2009. Previous acute heart failure worsened long-term survival for all patients, while additionally previous acute MI, stroke, and obesity was related with lower chances of survival in men, whereas stroke and diabetes in women. Overweight was associated with better prognosis for both men and women.
