artykuł w: Anuario Latinoamericano : ciencias políticas y relaciones internacionales Vol. 11 (2021), s. 63-82 ; tytuł równoległy w języku angielskim: Political action of the Military Party in Brazil under Bolsonaro ; streszczenie w językach angielskim i portugalskim ; artykuł w: Anuario Latinoamericano : ciencias políticas y relaciones internacionales Vol. 11 (2021), s. 63-82 ; tytuł równoległy w języku angielskim: Political action of the Military Party in Brazil under Bolsonaro ; streszczenie w językach angielskim i portugalskim
Tony Blair transformed radically the United Kingdom in different policy areas. However, the changes brought by Blair between 1997 & 2007 represent a deviation from social democratic values. This argument will be demonstrated with an analysis of New Labour's economic, social, constitutional foreign policies. Adapted from the source document.
The Spanish general election of March 14, 2004 took place three days after the bloodiest terrorist attack in Europe & opened a new political phase. The PSOE become the largest party & formed an homogeneous government with the parliamentary support of other leftist forces. The Popular Party, in power since 2000, returned to the opposition. The results were influenced by the terrorist attacks & also by the behavior of both the Socialists & the PP in the period before & during the election. Tables, Graphs. Adapted from the source document.
This article aims to analyze the party laws of the Southern Cone countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay) and the theoretical debate on the subject. The state regulations are not new in political world scene, with the first legislation being formulated after World War II. In the case of the Southern Cone countries, some nations had regulated party activities before their authoritarian periods, and party activities were taken over from the 1980s with new legislation that set new limits and allocations to political parties, changing their organizations and their activities. To accomplish this work there will be a qualitative analysis of party laws of five countries, focusing on their differences and similarities. In conclusion, it can be said that the five countries have different views of party activities and this is reflected in their laws, with some of them providing greater freedom for partisan activities than others ; Este artigo tem como objetivos analisar as legislações partidárias dos países que compõem o Cone Sul (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Paraguai e Uruguai) e o debate teórico sobre o tema. As regulações estatais não são novidade no cenário político mundial com as primeiras legislações tendo sido formuladas logo após a Segunda Guerra Mundial. No caso dos países do Cone Sul, algumas nações tinham as atividades partidárias reguladas antes de seus períodos autoritários e as atividades partidárias foram retomadas a partir da década de 1980 com novas legislações que estabeleceram novos limites e atribuições aos partidos políticos alterando suas organizações e suas atividades. Para realizar este trabalho será realizada uma análise qualitativa das legislações partidárias dos cinco países, se concentrando em suas diferenças e semelhanças. Como conclusões, pode-se afirmar que os cinco países tem visões diferentes das atividades partidárias e isto reflete em suas legislações, com algumas fornecendo maior liberdade para a atuação partidária do que outras
The article resumed some historical marks in the constitution of the field of Didactics and it reports two experiences on the teaching of Physical Education in a multi/intercultural perspective. One of the reports cites an experience with a subject "General Didactics: teaching and learning" at a private college and, the second reports about the teaching of Fight's content in Physical Education at a Federal Institution. There are initiatives to think and experience the Physical Education from the democratic imperative and cultural plurality. In addition, the reports show an increase in student participation, an appreciation of the dialogue and of the different sociocultural experiences of students through the application of the proposals. However, time was a limiting factor. ; El artículo retomó algunos hitos históricos en la constitución del campo de la Didáctica y reportó dos experiencias sobre la enseñanza en la Educación Física en una perspectiva multi/intercultural. Uno de los informes cita una experiencia con la disciplina "Didáctica general: enseñanza y aprendizaje" en una facultad privada y, el segundo, la enseñanza sobre el contenido de Luchas en Educación Física en una institución federal, ambas ubicadas en el Rio de janeiro. Se señaló que existen iniciativas para pensar y experimentar la Educación Física desde el imperativo democrático y la pluralidad cultural. Además, los informes muestran un aumento en la participación de los estudiantes, una valoración a través de la aplicación pedagógica. Sin embargo, el tiempo fue un factor limitante. ; O artigo retomou alguns marcos históricos na constituição do campo da Didática e relatou duas experiências sobre o ensino na Educação Física na perspectiva multi/intercultural. Um dos relatos cita a experiência com a disciplina "Didática Geral: ensino e aprendizagem", em uma faculdade particular e, o segundo, o ensino do conteúdo de Lutas na Educação Física escolar em uma instituição federal, ambas situadas no Rio de Janeiro. Notou-se que há iniciativas de pensar e ...
The manner in which the United States went to war against Iraq in 2003 was not a radical departure from the past. American history shows that the United States has had a propensity to become involved in unnecessary wars. These wars share the following characteristics: they were justified in the name of America's presumed historical mission; they were entered into on the basis of false premises; a small "war party" was indispensable to the decision to go to war; the two party democratic competition often acts as a stimulus to military action; the wars exhibit a kind of "law of unintended consequences.". Adapted from the source document.
Os Terena da aldeia Buriti (Dois Irmãos do Buriti/MS) realizam a Festa de São Sebastião há mais de noventa anos, sendo esta composta por várias etapas e rituais. São Sebastião foi ressignificado e considerado padroeiro da aldeia Buriti tornando-a'tradicional' entre os Terena de Buriti. Inspirando-se no conceito de 'estruturas performáticas' de Sahlins (1990) é possível pensar a Festa de São Sebastião como elemento que já é parte dessa sociedade. Essa Festa foi iniciada a partir da década de 1920 como uma promessa realizada em meio a uma epidemia de febre amarela que assolou a região. Frente a este tema, inevitavelmente depara-se com aspectos religiosos 'tradicionais'/'ocidentais', mas também com organizacionais e políticos que refletem relaçõesintra e interétnicas. A Festa de São Sebastião contribui para a reelaboração étnica dos Terena de Buriti, apontando um campo fecundo para se refletir sobre noções como 'tradição', ressignificações e etnicidade. ; The Terena people of the village Buriti (Dois Irmãos do Buriti/MS),accomplished São Sebastian's Party there is more than ninety years, being this composed by several stages and rituals. They are Sebastian it was re-signified and considered patron of the village Buriti turning her "traditional" among Terena of Buriti. Being inspired by the concept of "structures performative" of Sahlins (1990) it is possible to think São Sebastian's Party as element that is already part of that society. That Party was begun starting from the decade of 1920 as a promise accomplished amid an epidemic of yellow fever that the area. Front to this theme, unavoidably comes across "traditionais" / "occidentals" religious aspects, but also with organizations and political that reflect relationships intra and interethics. São Sebastian's Party contributes to the ethnic reworking of Terena of Buriti, pointing a fertile field to contemplate on their notions as "tradition", re-significs and ethnicity.
"Excellent introduction to post-1985 party system contains a wealth of information about all of the relevant parties. One of the most practical sources on this topic. Recommended"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57
This paper analyzes the proposals under discussion in the Brazilian Congress concerning the direct elections for Mercosur Parliament (Parlasur), originally planned to be held on 2014. The proposed rules are investigated in order to find out which changes may impact the profile of the new representation to be elected and the consequences by either strengthening or weakening the institutional role of Brazilian representation in Parlasur. Pending electoral legislation for Parlasur may represent the most important experiment in political reform in the country in recent years - changing the open list of candidates to the closed list (with strict party nomination), prohibiting party coalitions, establishing exclusive public financing of campaigns, besides rules targeting gender equality. Notwithstanding, if members of congress do not strengthen reform to provide a more robust institutional framework, Brazilian representation in Parlasur will be weakened rather than strengthened.
This article seeks to associate the theoretical devices related to the center-periphery theme, multi-level governance, federalism & positive/negative integration to the very reality of subnational unities within Mercosur. Some field inquiries with economical agents & political actors are subsequently considered in order to favor primary sources of information. finally this text proposes to scrutinize the impact of the Southern Common Market on the political economy of Pernambuco, Bahia, Sao Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul & their respective capitals. Graphs, References. Adapted from the source document.
The terrorist attacks of September 2001 & March 2004 have clearly exposed the handicaps of the European Union in facing this threat. Although the time distance that separates us from these events is still insufficient to enable a more thorough reflection, there is already the certainty that terrorism will have to be dealt with in a multi-disciplinary way. In this sense, this paper aims at analyzing the present fragilities of the European Union, as well as the best strategies to overcome them. References. Adapted from the source document.
The People's Republic of China used to hide its power -- even denied it. Today that dissimulation is no longer possible binding her to support multi & bilateral cooperation institutional mechanisms, giving guarantees to other powers that it's truly committed to a peaceful development/rising. Beijing is following a peaceful foreign policy, at least into the foreseeable future, which will give her the possibility of being a even more responsible great power. In this context, the PLA's military diplomacy developed in the last decade & a half, suffered a substantial evolution, though more quantitative than qualitative. Adapted from the source document.
In this article we will show how a elites of Buenos Aires had commemorated the century of independent in 1910; the way as they took advantage the party to put in progress it's alliances with Europe, E.E.U.U. & Chile, & rivalries with countries that considered a constant danger, as Brazil & others that, even only not dangerous, were presented as enigmatic. Adapted from the source document.
