Suchergebnisse

O artigo explora a tese de que a ordem constitucional vigente sob a Constituição Federal de 1988 é caracterizada pela indeterminação social do direito. Esse conceito combina dimensões empíricas e normativas: a multiplicidade de arenas decisórias especializadas na estabilização de expectativas e a luta de justificação sobre a interpretação política das normas jurídicas.

The contribution of Hugo Grotius to international relations theory is especially relevant given the growth of contemporary global interdependence. Grotius has paved the way to a more elaborate vision of international politics. In particular, he points to the existence of an open international society -- a more dense concept than the mere interstate system -- in which a variety of interests and actors coexist. He is the precursor of a complex liberal formulation -- where interests are tantamount -- that brings up distributive outcomes as a result of reciprocal costs. Adapted from the source document.

The present paper aims to show that, not only the concept of anarchy cannot be anchored in the author that traditionally has worked as its validator -- Hobbes -- it has no foundation whatsoever, except possibly a mythical one. International anarchy entails an ontological state, not a phenomenological one, of permanent war, of chaos incompatible with the presence of sovereign powers in the international scene. The concept of anarchy, despite the structural aporiae that thwart its sustainability, serves a particular status quo, pursues the preservation of the logic of power internationally and, for that reason alone, it remains an object of affection to those who dictate the rules, as an ideological apparatus that does not bind them. Adapted from the source document.