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Despite greater responsibility being passed to local and regional tiers of government in many European countries, we still have limited understanding about what shapes citizens' support for such tiers of government. On the one hand we expect citizens to evaluate local government on its own merits, depending on the performance of local units. Yet in the context of multi-layered governance, we argue that local political support is likely to be at least partly a derivative of attitudes to the national level. The Dutch Local Election Study 2016 offers us the possibility to test these expectations. We show that local political support is mainly (in the case of local democratic satisfaction) or substantially (in the case of local political trust) related to national political support. To the extent that local support is shaped by local evaluations, appraisals of output performance are more important than appraisals of input or throughput performance. There is some evidence that these relations are conditional. Political sophistication increases citizens' sensitivity to local performance. Yet, local embeddedness only modestly reduces citizens' reliance on national-level evaluations.

AbstractMost countries lack effective policies to manage climate risks, despite growing concerns with climate change. The authors analyzed the policy evolution from a disaster management to a risk management approach, using as a case study four agricultural droughts that impacted Uruguay's livestock sector in the last three decades. A transdisciplinary team of researchers, extension workers, and policy makers agreed on a common conceptual framework for the interpretation of past droughts and policies. The evidence presented shows that the set of actions implemented at different levels when facing droughts were mainly reactive in the past but later evolved to a more integral risk management approach. A greater interinstitutional integration and a decreasing gap between science and policy were identified during the period of study. Social and political learning enabled a vision of proactive management and promoted effective adaptive measures. While the government of Uruguay explicitly incorporated the issue of adaptation to climate change into its agenda, research institutions also fostered the creation of interdisciplinary study groups on this topic, resulting in new stages of learning. The recent changes in public policies, institutional governance, and academic research have contributed to enhance the adaptive capacity of the agricultural sector to climate variability, and in particular to drought. This study confirms the relevance of and need to work within a transdisciplinary framework to effectively address the different social learning dimensions, particularly those concerning the adaptation to global change.

There is a consensus that transnational soft governance has unleashed the forces of change in higher education. However, individual national HE systems are still anchored in country-specific regulatory regimes, which reflect national-historical, institutional, and cultural developments. Against this background, three crucial questions guide our study: How does the state react to transnational pressures for change? How is transnationally inspired policy change 'digested' by the preexisting country-specific governance structures? And to what extent have national HE systems converged on a common governance model? To address these questions, we conduct a multilevel comparative analysis of developments in Germany, France, and Italy. We first break down the concept of higher education governance into sub-dimensions and derive concrete policy indicators for three historically embedded governance ideal types. Drawing on historical institutionalism and institutional isomorphism, we explore how historical legacies and transnational communication have impacted policy pathways over the past 30 years. We graphically illustrate the policy trajectories using our 'governance triangles', which encompass the balance of power between multiple actors, including the state and universities, university management and the academic profession, and external stakeholders.

House price determinants in Liverpool, United Kingdom / Raymond Talinbe Abdulai and Anthony Owusu-Ansah -- Multilevel governance : participatory democracy and civil society's role in governance in the perspective of the Lisbon Treaty / Peter Herrmann -- Transatlantic regulatory cooperation : background and analysis / Raymond J. Ahearn -- Transatlantic regulatory cooperation : a possible role for Congress / Raymond J. Ahearn and Vincent Morelli -- Long-range ballistic missile defense in Europe / Steven A. Hildreth and Carl Ek -- Greece update / Carol Migdalovitz -- Bosnia : current issues and U.S. policy / Steven Woehrel -- Financial market supervision : European perspectives / James K. Jackson.

This publication addresses the needs of national and regional governments for greater clarity on how to strengthen the innovation capacity of regions. The first part of the book examines strategies, policies and governance, explaining why regions matter, what makes smart policy mixes, and multilevel governance. The second part of the book looks at agencies, instruments and country information, showing how agenceis can maximize their impact and what policy instruments work. The final chapter provides country-by-country summaries of what countries are doing.--Publisher's description

Zusammenfassung
Open Government ist mehr als Beteiligung und Transparenz. Es ist eine Reaktion und eine Proaktion im Zuge der veränderten informationellen Machtverhältnisse durch Technologie, insbesondere durch das World Wide Web. Open Government schafft emanzipatorische Informationsinfrastrukturen, mehr Evidenz im Diskurs und mehr Verbindlichkeit sowie Kontinuität durch intersektorale und Ebenen übergreifenden Zusammenarbeit und Co-Kreation. Open Government ist Teil einer systematischen Grundlage für eine Aufsicht der Öffentlichkeit in einer globalen und offenen Governance aus Berichtswesen, Evaluation und Verbindlichkeitsmechanismen. Die Open Government Partnership bietet einen solchen globalen Verbindlichkeitsmechanismus zur Stärkung von Open Government. OGP ist somit ein Schlüssel-Mechanismus, an dem Deutschland seit 2016 teilnimmt. Obwohl Deutschland durch eine lange Tradition der Partizipation eigentlich gute Voraussetzungen im OGP-Mechanismus hat, liegt es hinter den Erwartungen, auch im internationalen Vergleich. Dabei könnte es insbesondere im Bereich der Multilevel-Governance von Open Government Rollenmodell werden.

"The goal of this article was to show how structural equation modeling associated to multilevel regressions represents a powerful tool to examine innovative cross-cultural research questions. The relationship between values and trust in institutions was investigated in four cross-cultural datasets: three were students and teacher samples; the last was a general sample from the 2005 World Values Survey (WVS). The hypothesis of equivalence of the structure of relations between values and trust in institutions (sinusoid curve hypothesis) was tested with a series of multilevel multiple indicators and multiple causes models with random slopes. Structural equivalence was confirmed for student samples, but not for the general sample. The between-country variance of the relationship between values and trust in the general sample was partially explained by country level differences in socio-economic wealth and quality of governance." (author's abstract)

"Der Artikel soll einen Beitrag dazu leisten, Political Leadership im Blickfeld einer supranationalen Akteurin ausdifferenzierter zu betrachten und der Diskussion um Leadership eine weitere Dimension zu geben. Die EU ist ein Multilevel-Governance-System, in dem viele AkteurInnen auf unterschiedlichen politischen und gesellschaftlichen Ebenen an der Gestaltung von Politik in inhaltlicher und struktureller Hinsicht partizipatorisch eingebunden sind. Durch die Auffassung von Political Leadership als Partizipationsprozess ist es möglich, anhand der Karriere des Themas lebenslanges Lernen das Augenmerk auf die Mechanismen, Kontexte und Prozesse zu richten, durch die Leadership-Qualität der Europäischen Kommission ersichtlich wird. In einem ersten Schritt wird gleichzeitig beschrieben und analysiert, in welcher Art und Weise die Europäische Kommission die Entwicklung und den Diskurs des lebenslangen Lernens prägt. Im weiteren Verlauf werden dann die Mechanismen, Kontexte und Prozesse erhellt, welche die Leadership-Qualität der Europäischen Kommission begründen. Die Europäische Kommission erweist sich in einem Partizipationsprozess dabei als Strategin für eine Politikentwicklung mit Langzeitperspektive und erwirbt sich durch konzeptionelle und wissensbasierte Arbeit Diskurshoheit und Themenführerschaft." (Autorenreferat)

"The contributors to this book investigate migration governance in Asia through a multilevel analysis, addressing its local, national and regional dimensions as well as placing it in the wider context of global migration governance. Core case studies include migration to and within Japan, the migration of Burmese and Tibetan refugees to India, and the Rohingya crisis in Myanmar. Evaluating the rules, norms and processes put in place by state and non-state actors to cope with international migration, the contributors focus especially on migration flows and the extent to which Asian cases are distinct from those elsewhere. This includes comparative cases from Europe and the USA, to provide a comparative context for the analysis of Asia. A valuable resource for students and scholars of migration studies, especially those with a particular interest in Asia"--

migration control have proliferated all over the world and occupy an important space in recent UN initiatives to boost global cooperation on migration and refugees. Unlike Europe, where these different aspects of migration policy have come under the ambit of one institution, the European Union, regional initiatives in other parts of the world tend to emerge in different fora, with overlapping but incongruent memberships. Introducing a taxonomy of regional migration institutions, this article assesses regionalism's contribution to multilevel migration governance in two dimensions: the vertical interplay between regional and multilateral institutions on the one hand and the horizontal relationship between regional institutions on the other hand. The article concludes that regional (economic) integration frameworks like ASEAN, ECOWAS or MERCOSUR may prove fruitful anchors for more substantial regional migration governance.

COVID-19 has amplified existing imbalances, institutional and financing constraints associated with a development strategy that did not take sufficient account of challenges with emissions, environmental damage and health risks associated with climate change in a number of countries, including China. The recovery from the pandemic can be combined with appropriately designed investments that take into account human, social, natural and physical capital, as well as distributional objectives, that can also address commitments under the Paris agreement. An important criterion for sustainable development is that the tax regimes at the national and sub-national levels should reflect the same criteria as the investment strategy. Own-source revenues, are essential to be able to access private financing, including local government bonds and PPPs in a sustainable manner. Governance criteria are also important including information on the buildup of liabilities at all levels of government, to ensure transparent governance.Despite differences in political systems, the Chinese experiences are relevant in a wide range of emerging market countries as the measures utilize institutions and policies reflecting international best practices, including modern tax administrations for the VAT, and income taxes, and benefit-linked property taxes, as well as utilization of balance sheets information consistent with the IMF's Government Financial Statistics Manual, 2014. The options have significant implications for policy advice and development cooperation for meeting global climate change goals while ensuring sustainable employment generation with transparency and accountability.

En este trabajo se analiza, a la luz de la gobernanza multinivel, el recorrido que realiza una de las políticas públicas europeas- la política de desarrollo sostenible- desde su formulación en el ámbito comunitario hasta su efectiva implementación en los niveles de gobierno encargados de hacerlo, en España. El objetivo de la investigación –de carácter multidisciplinario- es detectar y explicitar si existe una adecuada coordinación entre los diferentes niveles de gobierno involucrados y una equilibrada distribución de competencias y responsabilidades entre ellos, así como una posible alteración de las facultades de las entidades involucradas en el proceso de adopción de decisiones y en la fase de implementación de las mismas. ; This paper analyzes, in the light of multilevel governance, the path taken by one of the european public policies - the policy of sustainable development - from its formulation at the community level to its effective implementation at the levels of government in charge of doing so., in Spain. The objective of the multidisciplinary research is to detect and explain if there is adequate coordination between the different levels of government involved and a balanced distribution of competences and responsibilities among them, as well as a possible alteration of the faculties of the entities involved in the decision-making process and in the implementation phase of them. ; Tesis Univ. Jaén. Departamento de Derecho Público y Común Europeo. Leída el 25 de abril de 2018.

Invasive alien species (IAS) constitute a trans- and intracontinental challenge. With this article, we exemplify obstacles met during the implementation of the Regulation (EU) No. 1143/2014 against IAS and comparatively assess them through two case studies from two Member States, Austria and Romania, via qualitative content analysis. Challenges are identified, analyzed, and discussed based on interviews with stakeholders from both countries in the view of the three main intervention types within this Regulation: prevention, early detection, and rapid eradication and management. The obstacles, which the two Member States met, are related to creating, updating, and maintaining the Union List and to the distribution of competences, which influence the national and subnational cooperation and coordination. Financial resources, custom controls, national legislation, and awareness influence the implementation of the IAS Regulation too. This research contributes to improving knowledge about numerous details of the implementation and enforcement of this IAS-Regulation to make them more feasible, not just for scientists, but also for decision- and policymakers, business owners, and other stakeholders.

"Cohesion Policy and European Union Politics" published on by Oxford University Press.