Suchergebnisse

AbstractUnemployment largely relates to cities. How they can help in the national struggle to reduce it.

705State immunity — Jurisdictional immunity — Nordic Council Agreement on Common Upper Secondary School Education, 1992 — Payment of educational costs by Swedish education authority — Claim to recover costs from Iceland as State of nationality of student — Whether Iceland entitled to jurisdictional immunity — Whether conclusion and implementation of such agreement performed jure imperii or jure gestionis — Whether conclusion of agreement constituting waiver of immunity — Whether contractual choice-of-law clause implying waiver of immunity — The law of Sweden

ABSTRACTMuch of rural America has unique qualities that, when guided by the Eco‐Municipality model, can strengthen local community and assist in the movement toward sustainability. The Eco‐Municipality model, originating in Sweden and guided by ecological and social justice values and The Natural Step, is sweeping across the United States and has been adopted by many communities, ranging in size from 300 to 80,000. These communities have better positioned themselves for long‐term, economic, social and environmental well‐being by, for example, retaining sense of place, capitalizing on existing assets, diversifying the local economy, minimizing economic leaks—in part by nurturing local entrepreneurs—making improvements to the local inventory of housing and access to health care, and most importantly, establishing a consistent systems approach to community development.

Environmental factors can cause criminal impetus, motivation, realization and intention and, on the other hand, they may act as a barrier against crime realization. Right architecture designing and crime prevention initiatives in the environment are a necessary solution in crime prevention. Changes in spatial structure and environmental conditions would lead into changes in criminals' behavioral patterns. The question of this article is to clarify the role of municipality in crime prevention at urban ambiences through spatial designing. By such assumption, municipality can play a very constructive role in reducing the crimes by relying upon crime prevention strategic principles through spatial designing. Therefore, by using the principles of crime prevention theories through spatial designing, one can prevent or reduce crime and delinquency occurrence in urban environment. Thus, citizens' security will be promoted. On this basis, the origination of many criminal acts in marginal areas should be looked for in contradictory social and economic structures and their problems. In addition to play a vital role in spatial designing, Municipality would assist and provide vulnerable classes with its services such as identifying and retaining homeless people or begs. Cultural poverty, unemployment, low self – esteem, lack of infrastructural services and absconding are, inter alia, the factors which play a vital role in leading these people toward criminal acts.

Jurisdiction — Territorial — Tort committed outside jurisdiction — Effects within jurisdiction — Operation of hydro-electric power plant in the Federal Republic of Germany — Escape of waters during storm — Claim for damage to fishing reserves in Austria — Whether effect within Austria sufficient to justify municipal jurisdiction — Nature of duty of operator of plant — Law applicable to tort committed abroad but producing effects within AustriaEnvironment — Action against foreign corporation regarding environmental damage — Transboundary escape of water from hydro-electric plant in the Federal Republic of Germany — Whether owner of fishing rights in Austria entitled to damages — Nature of duty of operator of plant — The law of Austria

Thirty three years ago, The Parks and Public Gardens Department was established in the Munic ipality of Beirut. During the war period, the only male agriculturist in the Department quit and the Director, himself a professional, kept the work going exclusively by himself and without the aid of a secretary. In short , the scope of work in the Department was minimized to a near standstill.

Action learning publications mostly focus on success stories, in which applications that went exceptionally well are discussed. These applications often look at profit-oriented business organizations. This paper describes an application in a government setting that went wrong. Albeit a single case, the results of which cannot be generalized, it does provide valuable insights into how an action learning program may be structured. The theoretical underpinnings of the approach provided by its founder, the late British astrophysicist Reg Revans, form the background of the analysis. We conclude with lessons learned from the case.