Suchergebnisse

This is a collection of essays exploring the relationship between classics and national cultures across many regions including China, India, Mexico, Japan, and South Africa, as well as Germany, Greece, and Italy. It poses new questions for the study of antiquity and for the history of nations and nationalisms

Rafael Ramirez reviews and critiques the three major approaches which have characterized discussions of Puerto Rican culture — the culturalist, the nationalist, and the modernizer views. He emphasizes the inadequacies of each of these and presents the basis for a more robust analysis of culture. Ramírez is Chairman of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the Univer sity of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras. The article by Cortés, Falcón and Flores, members of the Culture and Arts Task Force, Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños at the City University of New York, is an important effort in imple menting and integrating the factors of analysis that Ramiréz discusses in the previous article. In a sweeping analysis, they present a theoretical base for studying culture and then proceed to apply it to the concrete culture of Puerto Ricans in New York — their music, poetry, theater, and televi sion.

A review essay on books by: Raymond Cohen, Negotiating across Cultures: Communication Obstacles in International Diplomacy (Washington, DC: US Instit of Peace Press, 1991); Guy Olivier Faure & Jeffrey Z. Rubin (Eds), Culture and Negotiation (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1993); Glen Fisher, Mindsets: The Role of Culture and Perception in International Relations (Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press, 1988); & Jeswald W. Salacuse, Making Global Deals: What Every Executive Should Know about Negotiating Abroad (New York, NY: Times Books, 1991 [see listings in IRPS No. 78]). These books examine the relationship between national culture & international bargaining behavior. Cohen looks at the impact of cultural factors on US relations with Japan, the People's Republic of China, Egypt, Mexico, & India. The US is categorized as an individualistic, low-context society characterized by a manipulative, can-do approach to negotiation. The other countries are described as interdependent, high-context societies with an adaptive style of negotiation. Faure & Ruben describe the advocate, sceptic, professional, & pluralistic viewpoints on the importance of culture, document the influence of culture through case studies of negotiations over water rights, & evaluate arguments for & against the importance of cultural influences. Theoretical discussions on the mechanisms & conditions conducive to cultural influence on negotiation are presented. Fisher examines the impact of cultural perceptions on diplomacy, business, & development affairs, arguing that culture creates mindsets that frame evaluation & decision making. The importance of national self-images, images of others, & cultural values & assumptions is emphasized. Salacuse offers a practical handbook on negotiation for executives, lawyers, & government officials. It goes beyond discussion of culture to include ideology, foreign bureaucracies, governments & laws, & renegotiating deals. 14 References. D. Generoli